HCC A&P 1 Final EXAM VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS, SCORED A+
What .are .the .three .main .parts .of .a .eukaryotic .cell? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
plasma .membrane, .cytoplasm, .nucleus
Which .of .the .following .types .of .membrane .proteins .function .by .recognizing .and
.binding .to .hormones .and .neurotransmitters? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-receptors
Plasma .membranes .are .________, .which .means .that .some .chemicals .move
.easily .through .plasma .membrane .while .other .chemicals .do .not. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-selectively .permeable
In .this .transport .process, .the .energy .from .hydrolysis .of .ATP .is .used .to .drive
.substances .across .the .membrane .against .their .own .concentration .gradients. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-active .transport
Which .of .the .following .transport .process .uses .secretory .vesicles .formed .in
.Golgi .complex .to .release .their .contents .out .of .the .cell .membrane .into .the
.extracellular .space? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-exocytosis
Spermatozoa .is .the .only .type .of .human .cell .that .contains .a .________, .which .is
.a .whip-like .structure .that .helps .propel .the .sperm .towards .an .oocyte. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-flagellum
Which .of .the .following .membrane-enclosed .organelles .modifies, .sorts, .and
.packages .proteins .destined .for .other .regions .of .the .cell? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-Golgi .complex
The .major .function .of .mitochondria .is .to .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-generate .ATP.
This .structure .binds .to .an .amino .acid .and .holds .it .in .place .on .a .ribosome .until
.it .is .incorporated .into .a .polypeptide .chain .during .translation. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-tRNA
During .this .phase .of .cell .division, .the .centromeres .split .leading .to .separation
.and .subsequent .migration .of .the .two .members .of .a .chromatid .pair .to .opposite
.poles .of .the .cells. .The .cleavage .furrow .also .begins .to .develop .during .this
.phase. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-interphase
Which .of .the .following .does .NOT .influence .the .rate .of .diffusion .of .a .chemical
.across .a .plasma .membrane? .a) .concentration .gradient .of .the .chemical .across
.the .membrane .
,b) .mass .of .the .diffusing .chemical .
c) .distance .that .the .chemical .has .to .diffuse .
d) .amount .of .ATP .available .
e) .temperature .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-amount .of .ATP .available
A .patient .would .be .infused .with .a ._______ .solution .in .order .to .ultimately .relieve
.excess .interstitial .fluid .in .the .brain. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-hypertonic
What .other .organelle .besides .the .nucleus .contain .DNA? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
mitochondrion
Which .of .the .following .membrane-enclosed .organelles .contains .several
.oxidases .that .are .involved .in .oxidation .of .fatty .acids .and .amino .acids .during
.normal .metabolism .and .in .detoxification .of .chemicals .like .alcohol .in .the .liver?
.- .CORRECT .ANSWER-peroxisomes
During .this .phase .of .cell .division, .organelles .duplicate .and .centrosome
.replication .begins .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-interphase
Mitosis .is: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-produces .two .identical .cells
Phagocytosis .is .the .mechanism .of .action .of .this .cell .of .the .immune .system .to
.protect .from .microbes: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Macrophages
The .three .types .of .subatomic .particles .that .are .important .for .understanding
.chemical .reactions .in .the .human .body .are .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-protons,
.neutrons, .and .electrons.
This .is .the .name .given .to .a .positively .charged .atom. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
cation
This .type .of .chemical .reaction .will .release .more .energy .than .it .absorbs. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-exergonic
An .enzyme .acts .to .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-lower .the .activation .energy .needed .to
.start .the .reaction.
The .human .blood .is .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-alkaline.
Which .of .the .following .is .a .polysaccharide .that .serves .as .a .storage .form .of
.energy .in .muscle .and .liver .cells? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-glycogen
Which .of .the .following .is .the .major .function .of .DNA? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
long-term .storage .of .information .for .protein .synthesis
Loss .of .protein .structure .as .in .fried .eggs .is .called: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
denaturation.
, Na .+ .Cl .→ .Nacl .is .a .general .example .of .a(n) ._____ .reaction. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-synthesis
The .basic .units .of .nucleic .acids .are .nucleotides, .composed .of .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-nitrogenous .base, .phosphate, .pentose .sugar
This .is .the .study .of .the .body .structures .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-anatomy
This .is .the .sum .of .all .chemical .processes .that .occur .in .the .body. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-metabolism
The .two .organ .systems .that .regulate .and .maintain .homeostasis .are .the .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-nervous .and .endocrine .systems.
The .composition .of .this .body .fluid, .which .fills .the .narrow .spaces .between .cells
.and .tissues. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-interstitial .fluid
This .is .the .structure .of .a .feedback .system .that .sends .input .to .the .control
.center. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-stimulus
Objective .changes .in .a .patient's .normal .body .function .that .can .be .directly
.observed .or .measured .by .a .clinician .are .referred .to .as .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
symptoms
This .plane .divides .the .body .into .equal .right .and .left .portions. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-sagittal
Which .of .the .following .anatomical .terms .refers .to .the .groin? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-inguinal
Which .of .the .following .is .a .safe .non-invasive .imaging .technique .that .uses .the
.reflection .of .high .frequency .sound .waves .off .of .body .tissues .to .visualize .a
.fetus .during .pregnancy? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-ultrasound .scanning
Which .of .these .regions .contains .the .gall .bladder? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Right
.hypochondriac
Epithelial .tissue .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-is .used .as .a .covering .of .body .surfaces,
.is .used .as .a .lining .of .body .cavities .and .hollow .organs, .is .used .to .form .glands,
.usually .has .a .free .surface .that .interacts .with .external .environment .**e) .All .of
.these .answer .choices .are .correct.
This .type .of .epithelial .tissue .forms .the .most .superficial .layer .of .the .skin. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-Stratified .squamous .epithelium
Which .of .the .following .is .NOT .a .connective .tissue? .
a) .Bone .
b) .Blood .
c) .Cartilage .
SOLUTIONS, SCORED A+
What .are .the .three .main .parts .of .a .eukaryotic .cell? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
plasma .membrane, .cytoplasm, .nucleus
Which .of .the .following .types .of .membrane .proteins .function .by .recognizing .and
.binding .to .hormones .and .neurotransmitters? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-receptors
Plasma .membranes .are .________, .which .means .that .some .chemicals .move
.easily .through .plasma .membrane .while .other .chemicals .do .not. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-selectively .permeable
In .this .transport .process, .the .energy .from .hydrolysis .of .ATP .is .used .to .drive
.substances .across .the .membrane .against .their .own .concentration .gradients. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-active .transport
Which .of .the .following .transport .process .uses .secretory .vesicles .formed .in
.Golgi .complex .to .release .their .contents .out .of .the .cell .membrane .into .the
.extracellular .space? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-exocytosis
Spermatozoa .is .the .only .type .of .human .cell .that .contains .a .________, .which .is
.a .whip-like .structure .that .helps .propel .the .sperm .towards .an .oocyte. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-flagellum
Which .of .the .following .membrane-enclosed .organelles .modifies, .sorts, .and
.packages .proteins .destined .for .other .regions .of .the .cell? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-Golgi .complex
The .major .function .of .mitochondria .is .to .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-generate .ATP.
This .structure .binds .to .an .amino .acid .and .holds .it .in .place .on .a .ribosome .until
.it .is .incorporated .into .a .polypeptide .chain .during .translation. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-tRNA
During .this .phase .of .cell .division, .the .centromeres .split .leading .to .separation
.and .subsequent .migration .of .the .two .members .of .a .chromatid .pair .to .opposite
.poles .of .the .cells. .The .cleavage .furrow .also .begins .to .develop .during .this
.phase. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-interphase
Which .of .the .following .does .NOT .influence .the .rate .of .diffusion .of .a .chemical
.across .a .plasma .membrane? .a) .concentration .gradient .of .the .chemical .across
.the .membrane .
,b) .mass .of .the .diffusing .chemical .
c) .distance .that .the .chemical .has .to .diffuse .
d) .amount .of .ATP .available .
e) .temperature .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-amount .of .ATP .available
A .patient .would .be .infused .with .a ._______ .solution .in .order .to .ultimately .relieve
.excess .interstitial .fluid .in .the .brain. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-hypertonic
What .other .organelle .besides .the .nucleus .contain .DNA? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
mitochondrion
Which .of .the .following .membrane-enclosed .organelles .contains .several
.oxidases .that .are .involved .in .oxidation .of .fatty .acids .and .amino .acids .during
.normal .metabolism .and .in .detoxification .of .chemicals .like .alcohol .in .the .liver?
.- .CORRECT .ANSWER-peroxisomes
During .this .phase .of .cell .division, .organelles .duplicate .and .centrosome
.replication .begins .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-interphase
Mitosis .is: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-produces .two .identical .cells
Phagocytosis .is .the .mechanism .of .action .of .this .cell .of .the .immune .system .to
.protect .from .microbes: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Macrophages
The .three .types .of .subatomic .particles .that .are .important .for .understanding
.chemical .reactions .in .the .human .body .are .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-protons,
.neutrons, .and .electrons.
This .is .the .name .given .to .a .positively .charged .atom. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
cation
This .type .of .chemical .reaction .will .release .more .energy .than .it .absorbs. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-exergonic
An .enzyme .acts .to .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-lower .the .activation .energy .needed .to
.start .the .reaction.
The .human .blood .is .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-alkaline.
Which .of .the .following .is .a .polysaccharide .that .serves .as .a .storage .form .of
.energy .in .muscle .and .liver .cells? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-glycogen
Which .of .the .following .is .the .major .function .of .DNA? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
long-term .storage .of .information .for .protein .synthesis
Loss .of .protein .structure .as .in .fried .eggs .is .called: .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
denaturation.
, Na .+ .Cl .→ .Nacl .is .a .general .example .of .a(n) ._____ .reaction. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-synthesis
The .basic .units .of .nucleic .acids .are .nucleotides, .composed .of .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-nitrogenous .base, .phosphate, .pentose .sugar
This .is .the .study .of .the .body .structures .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-anatomy
This .is .the .sum .of .all .chemical .processes .that .occur .in .the .body. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-metabolism
The .two .organ .systems .that .regulate .and .maintain .homeostasis .are .the .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-nervous .and .endocrine .systems.
The .composition .of .this .body .fluid, .which .fills .the .narrow .spaces .between .cells
.and .tissues. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-interstitial .fluid
This .is .the .structure .of .a .feedback .system .that .sends .input .to .the .control
.center. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-stimulus
Objective .changes .in .a .patient's .normal .body .function .that .can .be .directly
.observed .or .measured .by .a .clinician .are .referred .to .as .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
symptoms
This .plane .divides .the .body .into .equal .right .and .left .portions. .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-sagittal
Which .of .the .following .anatomical .terms .refers .to .the .groin? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-inguinal
Which .of .the .following .is .a .safe .non-invasive .imaging .technique .that .uses .the
.reflection .of .high .frequency .sound .waves .off .of .body .tissues .to .visualize .a
.fetus .during .pregnancy? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-ultrasound .scanning
Which .of .these .regions .contains .the .gall .bladder? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Right
.hypochondriac
Epithelial .tissue .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-is .used .as .a .covering .of .body .surfaces,
.is .used .as .a .lining .of .body .cavities .and .hollow .organs, .is .used .to .form .glands,
.usually .has .a .free .surface .that .interacts .with .external .environment .**e) .All .of
.these .answer .choices .are .correct.
This .type .of .epithelial .tissue .forms .the .most .superficial .layer .of .the .skin. .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-Stratified .squamous .epithelium
Which .of .the .following .is .NOT .a .connective .tissue? .
a) .Bone .
b) .Blood .
c) .Cartilage .
