GSU BIOLOGY 1104 FINAL QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS| 100% CORRECT
1.what is the difference between endoparasites and ectoparasites? - ANSWER
endoparasites live inside host tissues and complete their life cycles, for the most
part, internally. Ectoparasites live on the surface of the host.
2. what is (obligate) mutualism vs. commensalism - ANSWER obligate mutualism is
when both species are benefiting through transactional processes. in
commensalism, only one species benefits (the other is neither helped nor
harmed)
3. what is intraspecific vs interspecific competition. how can competition be
reduced? - ANSWER intraspecific competition occurs within the same species
while interspecific competition occurs between different species. competition can
be reduced through resource partitioning, where different species within the
same ecosystem divide limited resources, allowing them to coexist easier
4. what is an oligotrophic aquatic system - ANSWER they typically have low levels
of nutrients. the water is typically clear and can appear green due to low organic
material
5. explain the difference between lentic and lotic systems - ANSWER lentic
systems have still or slow moving water (eg. lakes or ponds) and lotic systems have
unidirectional flow (like rivers or streams)
6. explain the difference between euphotic and profundal zones in lakes -
ANSWER euphotic zones have high rates of photosynthesis because they can
,receive sufficient light. profundal zones are deeper areas where respiration is
more prominent and they recieve lower light levels.
7. what is the hardy weinberg equilibrium - ANSWER It is a theoretical state in
which allele and genotype frequences remain constant throughout generations if
no evolutionary forces are acting.
8. what are the conditions for a hardy weinberg equilibrium - ANSWER 1.
Population size is very large (no genetic drift)
2. Population is closed (no migration or gene flow)
3. Random mating
4. No mutations of alleles in the gene pool
5. No natural selection
9. provide an example of stabilizing selection - ANSWER a population of mice in
the woods. natural selection will favour the individuals that best blend in with the
forest floor (harder for predators to spot). mice with alleles that make their fur too
dark or light will likely die. as a result the genetic variation will decrease. variance
will stabilize
10. what is directional selection - ANSWER when a single phenotype is favoured,
causing the allelic frequency to shift in one direction
11. what is disruptive selection - ANSWER when extreme traits are favoured over
intermediate ones. this often drives speciation
12. what is parapatric speciation vs allopatric speciation - ANSWER allopartic
speciation occurs when a physical barrier isolates a group of one species from the
, rest of the species, resulting in the two groups developing differently due to their
environments, changing the genetic characteristics that they pass on. parapatric
speciation is when a small group of a species breaks off from the larger group to
form a new species.
13. what are common characteristics of all protists - ANSWER any eukaryotic
unicellular or multicellular that is not an animal plant or fungus. paraphyletic.
14. what are the eukarya (protist) supergroups? - ANSWER Archaeplastida,
Excavata, SAR, and unikonta
15. both red algae and green algae are in what supergroup and are caused by
what? - ANSWER they are in the super group archaeplastida and are both caused
by primary endosymbiosis
16. what does everything in the excavata supergroup have in common - ANSWER
asymmetrical body shape, excavated 'feeding groove', one or more flagella, and a
modified mitochondria.
17. what three species are in the excavata supergroup - ANSWER diplomonads,
parabasalids, and euglenozoans.
18. what are the three protist domains - ANSWER eukarya, archea, and bacteria
19. what does paraphyletic mean - ANSWER it means something does not include
plants, animals, or fungi
SOLUTIONS| 100% CORRECT
1.what is the difference between endoparasites and ectoparasites? - ANSWER
endoparasites live inside host tissues and complete their life cycles, for the most
part, internally. Ectoparasites live on the surface of the host.
2. what is (obligate) mutualism vs. commensalism - ANSWER obligate mutualism is
when both species are benefiting through transactional processes. in
commensalism, only one species benefits (the other is neither helped nor
harmed)
3. what is intraspecific vs interspecific competition. how can competition be
reduced? - ANSWER intraspecific competition occurs within the same species
while interspecific competition occurs between different species. competition can
be reduced through resource partitioning, where different species within the
same ecosystem divide limited resources, allowing them to coexist easier
4. what is an oligotrophic aquatic system - ANSWER they typically have low levels
of nutrients. the water is typically clear and can appear green due to low organic
material
5. explain the difference between lentic and lotic systems - ANSWER lentic
systems have still or slow moving water (eg. lakes or ponds) and lotic systems have
unidirectional flow (like rivers or streams)
6. explain the difference between euphotic and profundal zones in lakes -
ANSWER euphotic zones have high rates of photosynthesis because they can
,receive sufficient light. profundal zones are deeper areas where respiration is
more prominent and they recieve lower light levels.
7. what is the hardy weinberg equilibrium - ANSWER It is a theoretical state in
which allele and genotype frequences remain constant throughout generations if
no evolutionary forces are acting.
8. what are the conditions for a hardy weinberg equilibrium - ANSWER 1.
Population size is very large (no genetic drift)
2. Population is closed (no migration or gene flow)
3. Random mating
4. No mutations of alleles in the gene pool
5. No natural selection
9. provide an example of stabilizing selection - ANSWER a population of mice in
the woods. natural selection will favour the individuals that best blend in with the
forest floor (harder for predators to spot). mice with alleles that make their fur too
dark or light will likely die. as a result the genetic variation will decrease. variance
will stabilize
10. what is directional selection - ANSWER when a single phenotype is favoured,
causing the allelic frequency to shift in one direction
11. what is disruptive selection - ANSWER when extreme traits are favoured over
intermediate ones. this often drives speciation
12. what is parapatric speciation vs allopatric speciation - ANSWER allopartic
speciation occurs when a physical barrier isolates a group of one species from the
, rest of the species, resulting in the two groups developing differently due to their
environments, changing the genetic characteristics that they pass on. parapatric
speciation is when a small group of a species breaks off from the larger group to
form a new species.
13. what are common characteristics of all protists - ANSWER any eukaryotic
unicellular or multicellular that is not an animal plant or fungus. paraphyletic.
14. what are the eukarya (protist) supergroups? - ANSWER Archaeplastida,
Excavata, SAR, and unikonta
15. both red algae and green algae are in what supergroup and are caused by
what? - ANSWER they are in the super group archaeplastida and are both caused
by primary endosymbiosis
16. what does everything in the excavata supergroup have in common - ANSWER
asymmetrical body shape, excavated 'feeding groove', one or more flagella, and a
modified mitochondria.
17. what three species are in the excavata supergroup - ANSWER diplomonads,
parabasalids, and euglenozoans.
18. what are the three protist domains - ANSWER eukarya, archea, and bacteria
19. what does paraphyletic mean - ANSWER it means something does not include
plants, animals, or fungi
