Psychology Mastery Q&A Pack – Rollins @ Tulane:
Top Exam Concepts Broken Down with Clear
Explanations
1. What are the two main types of treatment for psychological disorders? -
ANSWER Psychotherapy
-trained therapist using psychological techniques in order to help their client feel
better or function better
Biomedical therapy
-the use of medication or procedures to treat a client
2. What are the main types of Psychotherapy? - ANSWER -
Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Therapy,
-Humanistic Therapy,
-Behavior Therapy,
-Cognitive Therapy,
-Cognitive-behavior therapy,
-Eclectic approach
3. What is the eclectic approach to therapy? - ANSWER The use of a variety of
methods to create a treatment program for each individual patient.
-Use techniques from different types of therapies to find what works best for their
client/ make them feel best
4. Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic therapy - ANSWER -Feud developed the first
major theory
,-Believed that the issues came from the unconscious mind so he thought that they
needed to get into the unconscious mind and figure out what has been causing
these issues
-Making patient aware of what is really causing their symptoms would make their
symptoms go away in some degree
-classical psychoanalysis
-psychodynamic theory
5. classical psychoanalysis - ANSWER -Rare today
-traditionally, it involves going to the therapists for multiple times a week for
years, a bit time commitment
-First psychotherapy
6. Psychodynamic theory - ANSWER -How the past influences the present
-How the things in your childhood may be affecting you (good and bad)
-Recurring things in social relationships
-Goal is to provide the patient with insight and make them aware about things that
may be leading to their behaviors based on things that happened in their childhood
7. What is the aim of psychoanalysis? - ANSWER To make the individual aware
enough of these themes to get them on track to solving their issues.
8. What is the main focus of psychodynamic therapy? - ANSWER The modern
version of psychotherapy is Psychodynamic Therapy, which focuses more on self-
understanding, recurring themes, and social relationships.
,9. What are the goals of humanistic psychotherapy? - ANSWER -aims to remove
the barriers that prevent a person from reaching their full potential
-enhance the patient's self-awareness and self-acceptance.
-better for adjustment and self-improvement
10. What are the characteristics and methods of Rogers's client-centered therapy? -
ANSWER -A therapist sits and listens to a patient and provides support and
companionship.
-therapist acts more like a close acquaintance and companion. avoids judging,
interpreting, and offering advice
Rogers said that In order to reach your full potential, the patient needs:
-Acceptance
-Genuineness,
-Empathy
from their therapist.
11. Three important elements of A G E - ANSWER Acceptance
-To show acceptance, he therapist needs to offer the client unconditional positive
regard
Genuineness
-Can't just say that they love and support them, they genuinely have to feel it
Empathy-
therapist shows empathy by showing reflection, which is an active listening
technique that involves paraphrasing what the client just said.
, -This is supposed to make clients feel heard and will make them elaborate more on
what they are saying
12. What is the general focus and goal of behavior therapy? What are the two
types? - ANSWER -where psychological disorders are seen as an "abnormal
pattern of learned behaviors"
-disorders are put in terms of behavior
-use the principles of learning to extinguish undesirable behaviors and teach more
adaptable behaviors
The two types are
-response prevention (flooding)
-systematic desensitization
13. What is exposure with response prevention (flooding)? - ANSWER A patient
who suffers from a phobia is exposed to the object of their phobia (provided it is
harmless)
-prevented from escaping
-they will be terrified at first
-will eventually calm down and realize that the situation is harmless
14. What is systematic desensitization? - ANSWER -replacing the feelings of fear
with relaxation.
-The patient is gradually exposed to increasingly intense versions of their phobia
while relaxing
-Patients usually create a Fear Hierarchy (a list of fearful situations that increase
with each successive level).
Top Exam Concepts Broken Down with Clear
Explanations
1. What are the two main types of treatment for psychological disorders? -
ANSWER Psychotherapy
-trained therapist using psychological techniques in order to help their client feel
better or function better
Biomedical therapy
-the use of medication or procedures to treat a client
2. What are the main types of Psychotherapy? - ANSWER -
Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Therapy,
-Humanistic Therapy,
-Behavior Therapy,
-Cognitive Therapy,
-Cognitive-behavior therapy,
-Eclectic approach
3. What is the eclectic approach to therapy? - ANSWER The use of a variety of
methods to create a treatment program for each individual patient.
-Use techniques from different types of therapies to find what works best for their
client/ make them feel best
4. Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic therapy - ANSWER -Feud developed the first
major theory
,-Believed that the issues came from the unconscious mind so he thought that they
needed to get into the unconscious mind and figure out what has been causing
these issues
-Making patient aware of what is really causing their symptoms would make their
symptoms go away in some degree
-classical psychoanalysis
-psychodynamic theory
5. classical psychoanalysis - ANSWER -Rare today
-traditionally, it involves going to the therapists for multiple times a week for
years, a bit time commitment
-First psychotherapy
6. Psychodynamic theory - ANSWER -How the past influences the present
-How the things in your childhood may be affecting you (good and bad)
-Recurring things in social relationships
-Goal is to provide the patient with insight and make them aware about things that
may be leading to their behaviors based on things that happened in their childhood
7. What is the aim of psychoanalysis? - ANSWER To make the individual aware
enough of these themes to get them on track to solving their issues.
8. What is the main focus of psychodynamic therapy? - ANSWER The modern
version of psychotherapy is Psychodynamic Therapy, which focuses more on self-
understanding, recurring themes, and social relationships.
,9. What are the goals of humanistic psychotherapy? - ANSWER -aims to remove
the barriers that prevent a person from reaching their full potential
-enhance the patient's self-awareness and self-acceptance.
-better for adjustment and self-improvement
10. What are the characteristics and methods of Rogers's client-centered therapy? -
ANSWER -A therapist sits and listens to a patient and provides support and
companionship.
-therapist acts more like a close acquaintance and companion. avoids judging,
interpreting, and offering advice
Rogers said that In order to reach your full potential, the patient needs:
-Acceptance
-Genuineness,
-Empathy
from their therapist.
11. Three important elements of A G E - ANSWER Acceptance
-To show acceptance, he therapist needs to offer the client unconditional positive
regard
Genuineness
-Can't just say that they love and support them, they genuinely have to feel it
Empathy-
therapist shows empathy by showing reflection, which is an active listening
technique that involves paraphrasing what the client just said.
, -This is supposed to make clients feel heard and will make them elaborate more on
what they are saying
12. What is the general focus and goal of behavior therapy? What are the two
types? - ANSWER -where psychological disorders are seen as an "abnormal
pattern of learned behaviors"
-disorders are put in terms of behavior
-use the principles of learning to extinguish undesirable behaviors and teach more
adaptable behaviors
The two types are
-response prevention (flooding)
-systematic desensitization
13. What is exposure with response prevention (flooding)? - ANSWER A patient
who suffers from a phobia is exposed to the object of their phobia (provided it is
harmless)
-prevented from escaping
-they will be terrified at first
-will eventually calm down and realize that the situation is harmless
14. What is systematic desensitization? - ANSWER -replacing the feelings of fear
with relaxation.
-The patient is gradually exposed to increasingly intense versions of their phobia
while relaxing
-Patients usually create a Fear Hierarchy (a list of fearful situations that increase
with each successive level).
