IGCSE ICT Questions With All Correct &
Verified Answers
Hardware Correct answer-The physical components of a computer system.
Internal Hardware Devices Correct answer-Processor (CPU)
Motherboard
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Read Only Memory (ROM)
Video and Sound Card
Internal Hard Disk Drive
Motherboard Correct answer-Central component of any computer system through which every
other component communicates. Components are plugged into it directly or indirectly.
Processor (CPU) Correct answer-The brain of the computer. It controls everything that the
computer does and processes the data, moving it in and out of the memory.
Random Access Memory (RAM) Correct answer-It stores the information currently in use, which is
constantly changing.
A fast, volatile memory since when the computer is turned off the data is lost. The more RAM you
have the faster your computer works.
Read Only Memory (ROM) Correct answer-Used to store instructions for the computer to work.
The information cant be changed and when the computer is turned off, it wont be lost. The data can
be accessed very fast.
Video Card Correct answer-Allows images to be displayed on the monitor. Along with its
installation, software is installed so it tells the computer how to use it.
Sound Card Correct answer-Allows the computer to produce and input sounds to and from the
computer by turning analogue data into digital and vice versa.
Internal Hard Disk Drive Correct answer-Stores data that is not instantly needed for an indefinite
time. It also stores programmes and is used commonly to back up data.
External Hardware Correct answer-Inputs
Outputs
Peripherals
Input Devices Correct answer-Used to get data into the computer system.
They are manual or automatic.
Output Devices Correct answer-Used to transfer data out of the computer system. They are
temporary or permanent.
Peripheral Devices Correct answer-Non-essential hardware that connect to the computer
externally.
,Software Correct answer-Programmes used for controlling the operation of a computer or
processing of electronic data.
(Applications S. and System S)
Applications Software Correct answer-Software used in particular situations, which can be used
either in general purpose or in one particular situation.
i.e. Word processing, spreadsheet, data manipulation...
Systems Software Correct answer-Files and programmes that make up a computer.
i.e. Compilers, linkers, device drivers...
Secondary/Backing Storage Correct answer-Storage devices and media that are not constantly
accessible by a computer system.
Operating System Correct answer-Software program that manages computer resources. They allow
components to communicate with each other and enable the computer to run software applications.
They are CLI and GUI.
Command Line Interface (CLI) Correct answer-The user types in instructions and commands.
It is fast but complicated to use.
It uses very little RAM.
Used in batch processing.
Advantages of CLI Correct answer-1. User communicates directly with the computer.
2. There's a wide range of commands.
3. Needs very little computer power.
Disadvantages of CLI Correct answer-1. User must remember complex commands.
2. Lots of typing involved.
3. High chance of errors.
Graphical User Interface (GUI) Correct answer-The user points at and clicks objects on a screen
with a mouse.
It is easy to use but needs a large amount of RAM and disk space.
It uses Windows, Icons, Menus,and Pointers (WIMP)
Advantages of GUI Correct answer-1. Quick and easy to enter commands.
2. Less chance of errors.
Disadvantages of GUI Correct answer-1. Smaller range of commands can be used.
2. Uses more computer power.
Types of Computers Correct answer-1. Personal Computers
2. Laptops
3. Tablet Computer
4. Smart Phones
Personal Computers Correct answer-Found in schools, at home or offices.
They are made of input, output and storage devices grouped in a base unit.
,Standalone PC Correct answer-They are used by one at a time and can function without being
connected to other PCs.
Networked PC Correct answer-They are connected to other computers in a network in order to
share resources and data.
Laptops Correct answer-Portable computers with LCD screens that are small enough to sit on your
lap.
They can be used as standalone and be taken to different places thanks to the built in battery or as
networked with the same purpose as Networked PCs.
Advantages of PCs compared to a laptop Correct answer-1. Better components for the same price.
2. Cheaper because components are easier to make.
3. Larger keyboard, easy to use.
4. Design allows heat to escape.
Disadvantages of PCs compared to a laptop Correct answer-1. Large and bulky, not portable.
2. Need a constant power supply.
3. You cant work with them in different locations and need to copy files to work somewhere else.
Advantages of Laptops over PCs Correct answer-1. Smaller and lighter, portable.
2. Components use low battery.
3. Reachargeable battery.
4. Usually have built in WiFi to access the internet.
5. No need to transfer files to work with them somewhere else.
Disadvantages of laptops to PCs Correct answer-1. Limited battery life
2. Small keyboard
3. Prone to theft
4. Dont have a design for heat to escape.
Tablet Computers Correct answer-Hand held mobile computers that have a touch screen and a few
physical buttons.
They may come with a SIM card slot to make phone calls and send texts.
Normally they have built in sensors like cameras and microphone, and built in WiFi.
They are used to access the internet, view multimedia and use apps.
Advantages of Tablets over laptops Correct answer-1. Smaller and lighter
2. Touchscreen can be used to draw with a stylus.
3. Has built in camera(s)
4. Has longer battery life.
Disadvantages of Tablets compared to Laptops Correct answer-1. Less storage
2. Not as powerful and slower performance.
3. Keyboard is harder to use because it is smaller.
4. Touch screen is hard to use for detailed tasks.
Smart Phones Correct answer-They are mobile phones that are able to perform other tasks apart
from making phone calls and texting.
They have touchscreens or physical built in keyboards and usually have a digital camera, GPS and
wireless WiFi and Bluetooth connection.
, Advantages of Smart Phones over tablets Correct answer-1. Smallest of computers, very portable.
2. Some have physical integrated keyboards.
3. Generally cheaper.
4. Practical for making phone calls and texting.
Disadvantages of Smart Phones compared to tablets Correct answer-1. Very small screen
2. Not as powerfull
3. Lower battery life
4. Very small and easy to be misplaced or stolen.
Emerging Technologies Correct answer-Those currently under development or that will be in 5 to
10 years, which will alter the business and social environment.
1. Artificial Intelligence
2. Biometrics
3. Vision Enhancement
4. Quantum Cryptography
5. Computer-assisted Translation
6. 3D and Holographic Imaging
7. Virtual Reality
8. Robotics.
Artificial Intelligence Correct answer-Computer science focused on stimulating human intelligence
with computer systems.
Currently used in games, expert systems, languages and robotics.
Impacts of AI on everyday life Correct answer-1. Accurate prediction of the weather.
2. Increased leisure time.
3. Safer transport due to self parking and autopilot vehicles.
4. Increased personal safety due to alarms.
5. Increased medical care due to robotic surgery assistants.
Biometrics Correct answer-When unique parts of the body are used as an identification form. They
cant be lost, forgotten or stolen; unlike passwords.
Impacts of Biometrics Correct answer-1. Better airport security with facial recognition and
fingerprint scans.
2. Increased security in buildings.
3. Better car security with fingerprint scans to open doors or turn on engines.
4. Better phone security.
Vision Enhancement Correct answer-Uses video technology projected through the lens of goggles
to bring distant objects closer and into focus. It amplifies infrared light so that the image can be seen
clearly even in darkness.
Impacts of Vision Enhancement Correct answer-Millitaries worldwide use it to complete missions
and carry out surveillance at night.
Robotics Correct answer-Robots are used to perform physical tasks that could be dangerous to
human beings or that are repetitive.
Verified Answers
Hardware Correct answer-The physical components of a computer system.
Internal Hardware Devices Correct answer-Processor (CPU)
Motherboard
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Read Only Memory (ROM)
Video and Sound Card
Internal Hard Disk Drive
Motherboard Correct answer-Central component of any computer system through which every
other component communicates. Components are plugged into it directly or indirectly.
Processor (CPU) Correct answer-The brain of the computer. It controls everything that the
computer does and processes the data, moving it in and out of the memory.
Random Access Memory (RAM) Correct answer-It stores the information currently in use, which is
constantly changing.
A fast, volatile memory since when the computer is turned off the data is lost. The more RAM you
have the faster your computer works.
Read Only Memory (ROM) Correct answer-Used to store instructions for the computer to work.
The information cant be changed and when the computer is turned off, it wont be lost. The data can
be accessed very fast.
Video Card Correct answer-Allows images to be displayed on the monitor. Along with its
installation, software is installed so it tells the computer how to use it.
Sound Card Correct answer-Allows the computer to produce and input sounds to and from the
computer by turning analogue data into digital and vice versa.
Internal Hard Disk Drive Correct answer-Stores data that is not instantly needed for an indefinite
time. It also stores programmes and is used commonly to back up data.
External Hardware Correct answer-Inputs
Outputs
Peripherals
Input Devices Correct answer-Used to get data into the computer system.
They are manual or automatic.
Output Devices Correct answer-Used to transfer data out of the computer system. They are
temporary or permanent.
Peripheral Devices Correct answer-Non-essential hardware that connect to the computer
externally.
,Software Correct answer-Programmes used for controlling the operation of a computer or
processing of electronic data.
(Applications S. and System S)
Applications Software Correct answer-Software used in particular situations, which can be used
either in general purpose or in one particular situation.
i.e. Word processing, spreadsheet, data manipulation...
Systems Software Correct answer-Files and programmes that make up a computer.
i.e. Compilers, linkers, device drivers...
Secondary/Backing Storage Correct answer-Storage devices and media that are not constantly
accessible by a computer system.
Operating System Correct answer-Software program that manages computer resources. They allow
components to communicate with each other and enable the computer to run software applications.
They are CLI and GUI.
Command Line Interface (CLI) Correct answer-The user types in instructions and commands.
It is fast but complicated to use.
It uses very little RAM.
Used in batch processing.
Advantages of CLI Correct answer-1. User communicates directly with the computer.
2. There's a wide range of commands.
3. Needs very little computer power.
Disadvantages of CLI Correct answer-1. User must remember complex commands.
2. Lots of typing involved.
3. High chance of errors.
Graphical User Interface (GUI) Correct answer-The user points at and clicks objects on a screen
with a mouse.
It is easy to use but needs a large amount of RAM and disk space.
It uses Windows, Icons, Menus,and Pointers (WIMP)
Advantages of GUI Correct answer-1. Quick and easy to enter commands.
2. Less chance of errors.
Disadvantages of GUI Correct answer-1. Smaller range of commands can be used.
2. Uses more computer power.
Types of Computers Correct answer-1. Personal Computers
2. Laptops
3. Tablet Computer
4. Smart Phones
Personal Computers Correct answer-Found in schools, at home or offices.
They are made of input, output and storage devices grouped in a base unit.
,Standalone PC Correct answer-They are used by one at a time and can function without being
connected to other PCs.
Networked PC Correct answer-They are connected to other computers in a network in order to
share resources and data.
Laptops Correct answer-Portable computers with LCD screens that are small enough to sit on your
lap.
They can be used as standalone and be taken to different places thanks to the built in battery or as
networked with the same purpose as Networked PCs.
Advantages of PCs compared to a laptop Correct answer-1. Better components for the same price.
2. Cheaper because components are easier to make.
3. Larger keyboard, easy to use.
4. Design allows heat to escape.
Disadvantages of PCs compared to a laptop Correct answer-1. Large and bulky, not portable.
2. Need a constant power supply.
3. You cant work with them in different locations and need to copy files to work somewhere else.
Advantages of Laptops over PCs Correct answer-1. Smaller and lighter, portable.
2. Components use low battery.
3. Reachargeable battery.
4. Usually have built in WiFi to access the internet.
5. No need to transfer files to work with them somewhere else.
Disadvantages of laptops to PCs Correct answer-1. Limited battery life
2. Small keyboard
3. Prone to theft
4. Dont have a design for heat to escape.
Tablet Computers Correct answer-Hand held mobile computers that have a touch screen and a few
physical buttons.
They may come with a SIM card slot to make phone calls and send texts.
Normally they have built in sensors like cameras and microphone, and built in WiFi.
They are used to access the internet, view multimedia and use apps.
Advantages of Tablets over laptops Correct answer-1. Smaller and lighter
2. Touchscreen can be used to draw with a stylus.
3. Has built in camera(s)
4. Has longer battery life.
Disadvantages of Tablets compared to Laptops Correct answer-1. Less storage
2. Not as powerful and slower performance.
3. Keyboard is harder to use because it is smaller.
4. Touch screen is hard to use for detailed tasks.
Smart Phones Correct answer-They are mobile phones that are able to perform other tasks apart
from making phone calls and texting.
They have touchscreens or physical built in keyboards and usually have a digital camera, GPS and
wireless WiFi and Bluetooth connection.
, Advantages of Smart Phones over tablets Correct answer-1. Smallest of computers, very portable.
2. Some have physical integrated keyboards.
3. Generally cheaper.
4. Practical for making phone calls and texting.
Disadvantages of Smart Phones compared to tablets Correct answer-1. Very small screen
2. Not as powerfull
3. Lower battery life
4. Very small and easy to be misplaced or stolen.
Emerging Technologies Correct answer-Those currently under development or that will be in 5 to
10 years, which will alter the business and social environment.
1. Artificial Intelligence
2. Biometrics
3. Vision Enhancement
4. Quantum Cryptography
5. Computer-assisted Translation
6. 3D and Holographic Imaging
7. Virtual Reality
8. Robotics.
Artificial Intelligence Correct answer-Computer science focused on stimulating human intelligence
with computer systems.
Currently used in games, expert systems, languages and robotics.
Impacts of AI on everyday life Correct answer-1. Accurate prediction of the weather.
2. Increased leisure time.
3. Safer transport due to self parking and autopilot vehicles.
4. Increased personal safety due to alarms.
5. Increased medical care due to robotic surgery assistants.
Biometrics Correct answer-When unique parts of the body are used as an identification form. They
cant be lost, forgotten or stolen; unlike passwords.
Impacts of Biometrics Correct answer-1. Better airport security with facial recognition and
fingerprint scans.
2. Increased security in buildings.
3. Better car security with fingerprint scans to open doors or turn on engines.
4. Better phone security.
Vision Enhancement Correct answer-Uses video technology projected through the lens of goggles
to bring distant objects closer and into focus. It amplifies infrared light so that the image can be seen
clearly even in darkness.
Impacts of Vision Enhancement Correct answer-Millitaries worldwide use it to complete missions
and carry out surveillance at night.
Robotics Correct answer-Robots are used to perform physical tasks that could be dangerous to
human beings or that are repetitive.
