CRIM 1001 - 082/083 FINAL
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist who adopted a critical stance on the
positivist approach, and claimed a certain amount of crime is normal. true or false -
ANSWERTrue
According to labeling theory, individuals who are identified as deviant are better able
to internalize this label and avoid developing a self-image in line with how others
view them.
Question options:True or False - ANSWERtrue
A positivist theorist/approach tends to view individuals who engage in behaviour/acts
deemed to be illegal/"criminal" using the "medical model" which sees these persons
as being "sick" and "in need of treatment." true or false - ANSWERtrue
Contemporary explanations of criminal behaviour rely mainly on theological theories
involving spirituality and demon possession. true or false - ANSWERfalse
Most people have an opinion (or two) about what we know as "crime"; still,
criminological theories are incredibly complex and are continually influenced by
social, historical, cultural, political, and economic events. tue or false - ANSWERtrue
Biological theories have had an interesting history in explaining
incidents/involvement in illegal conduct/criminality. Complete this statement: most
recently, biological approaches ... - ANSWERare being adopted in relation to the role
of DNA, genes, and neurotransmitters in understanding involvement in certain
behaviours and also in court case proceedings
The key elements used to explain engagement in illegal/"criminal" according to
classical school theories include: - ANSWERfree will and rational choice
Edwin Sutherland's differential association theory purports that criminality is: -
ANSWERlearned the same way other behaviours are, which is through their social
interaction with important others
The youth justice system (operating under the Youth Criminal Justice Act) protects
young people's names/identification during court proceedings and offers a number of
non-custodial sentencing options for responding to young people in conflict with the
justice system. This reflects ideas in line with which of the following theories? -
ANSWERErickson's and Becker's labelling theory
In their study of "crime," Chicago School theorists were concerned primarily with...: -
ANSWERneighbourhood characteristics
Agnew's general strain theory suggests that...: - ANSWERyoung people and adults
experience different types of strain, which may lead to varying forms of offending
, Which of the following ideas did Jeremy Bentham assert were important elements of
punishment and its deterrent effect: - ANSWERcertainty and swiftness
Many principles/practices that comprise our current justice system, including the right
to be presumed innocent, have a trial with a jury of peers, and proportionate
punishments came from the ideas of which Classical theorist? - ANSWERCesare
Becarria
Shaw and McKay studied young people in Chicago to examine their ideas of social
disorganization and found that rates of illegal conduct/"crime" decreased the further
away one moved from the city centre. true or false - ANSWERtrue
Following neo-Marxist thinking, police officers' role today has become the protection
of private property. true or false - ANSWERtrue
Feminist criminologists assert that criminological research has been patriarchal and
thus is androcentric, but that this has not led to a complete disregard for women's
issue in the justice system. true or false - ANSWERfalse
A conformist, according to Robert Merton, is someone who has accepted the larger
cultural goals and also accepted the usual means of achieving those goals. true or
false - ANSWERtrue
According to critical race theory, race is a social category/"construct" and is not an
objective biological category (as suggested in "essentialist" ideas). true or false -
ANSWERtrue
According to Sampson and Laub, young people who acquire higher levels of social
capital throughout life will continue to engage in illegal conduct and that this may
actually increase/escalate. true or false - ANSWERfalse
The notion that what is considered deviance is socially constructed and can be
attributed to the labelling perspectives, which suggest that definitions of deviance are
the same across/according to time and place. true or false - ANSWERfalse
Some critical theorists purport that if we can eliminate poverty we can begin to
eliminate street crime. true or false - ANSWERtrue
According to Park and Burgess's concentric zone model, individuals who were
identified as having recently immigrated, being transient workers, and/or unable to
afford property in more affluent zones, were most likely to live in Zone II, known as
the Zone in Transition, because... - ANSWER**NOT**: the neighbourhoods had a
poor reputation and thus rents were cheaper
An influential study from the 1970s argued that "nothing works." This resulted in an
unfortunate trend in criminal justice system practice, through ... - ANSWERcutbacks
to and the cancelling of rehabilitation programs for persons involved in the justice
system
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Emile Durkheim was a French sociologist who adopted a critical stance on the
positivist approach, and claimed a certain amount of crime is normal. true or false -
ANSWERTrue
According to labeling theory, individuals who are identified as deviant are better able
to internalize this label and avoid developing a self-image in line with how others
view them.
Question options:True or False - ANSWERtrue
A positivist theorist/approach tends to view individuals who engage in behaviour/acts
deemed to be illegal/"criminal" using the "medical model" which sees these persons
as being "sick" and "in need of treatment." true or false - ANSWERtrue
Contemporary explanations of criminal behaviour rely mainly on theological theories
involving spirituality and demon possession. true or false - ANSWERfalse
Most people have an opinion (or two) about what we know as "crime"; still,
criminological theories are incredibly complex and are continually influenced by
social, historical, cultural, political, and economic events. tue or false - ANSWERtrue
Biological theories have had an interesting history in explaining
incidents/involvement in illegal conduct/criminality. Complete this statement: most
recently, biological approaches ... - ANSWERare being adopted in relation to the role
of DNA, genes, and neurotransmitters in understanding involvement in certain
behaviours and also in court case proceedings
The key elements used to explain engagement in illegal/"criminal" according to
classical school theories include: - ANSWERfree will and rational choice
Edwin Sutherland's differential association theory purports that criminality is: -
ANSWERlearned the same way other behaviours are, which is through their social
interaction with important others
The youth justice system (operating under the Youth Criminal Justice Act) protects
young people's names/identification during court proceedings and offers a number of
non-custodial sentencing options for responding to young people in conflict with the
justice system. This reflects ideas in line with which of the following theories? -
ANSWERErickson's and Becker's labelling theory
In their study of "crime," Chicago School theorists were concerned primarily with...: -
ANSWERneighbourhood characteristics
Agnew's general strain theory suggests that...: - ANSWERyoung people and adults
experience different types of strain, which may lead to varying forms of offending
, Which of the following ideas did Jeremy Bentham assert were important elements of
punishment and its deterrent effect: - ANSWERcertainty and swiftness
Many principles/practices that comprise our current justice system, including the right
to be presumed innocent, have a trial with a jury of peers, and proportionate
punishments came from the ideas of which Classical theorist? - ANSWERCesare
Becarria
Shaw and McKay studied young people in Chicago to examine their ideas of social
disorganization and found that rates of illegal conduct/"crime" decreased the further
away one moved from the city centre. true or false - ANSWERtrue
Following neo-Marxist thinking, police officers' role today has become the protection
of private property. true or false - ANSWERtrue
Feminist criminologists assert that criminological research has been patriarchal and
thus is androcentric, but that this has not led to a complete disregard for women's
issue in the justice system. true or false - ANSWERfalse
A conformist, according to Robert Merton, is someone who has accepted the larger
cultural goals and also accepted the usual means of achieving those goals. true or
false - ANSWERtrue
According to critical race theory, race is a social category/"construct" and is not an
objective biological category (as suggested in "essentialist" ideas). true or false -
ANSWERtrue
According to Sampson and Laub, young people who acquire higher levels of social
capital throughout life will continue to engage in illegal conduct and that this may
actually increase/escalate. true or false - ANSWERfalse
The notion that what is considered deviance is socially constructed and can be
attributed to the labelling perspectives, which suggest that definitions of deviance are
the same across/according to time and place. true or false - ANSWERfalse
Some critical theorists purport that if we can eliminate poverty we can begin to
eliminate street crime. true or false - ANSWERtrue
According to Park and Burgess's concentric zone model, individuals who were
identified as having recently immigrated, being transient workers, and/or unable to
afford property in more affluent zones, were most likely to live in Zone II, known as
the Zone in Transition, because... - ANSWER**NOT**: the neighbourhoods had a
poor reputation and thus rents were cheaper
An influential study from the 1970s argued that "nothing works." This resulted in an
unfortunate trend in criminal justice system practice, through ... - ANSWERcutbacks
to and the cancelling of rehabilitation programs for persons involved in the justice
system
