Tufts Pharmacology NBDE Part II
1. Prazosin: HTN, alpha1 blocker, inhibits release of norepinephrine
2. Methyldopa: HTN, acts centrally to stimulate alpha receptors
3. Clonidine: HTN, stimulates alpha2 receptors in CNS
4. Propranolol: HTN, nonselective beta blocker
5. Metoprolol: HTN, selective beta1 blocker
6. Hydralazine: HTN, directly acts to vasodilate vascular smooth muscle
7. Chlorothiazide: HTN, diuretic, thiazide, when administered with digitalis, will increase penetration of
digitalis into myocardium
8. Furosemide: HTN, diuretic, high-ceiling or loop acting
9. Ethyacrinic acid: HTN, loop or high ceiling diuretic, is associated with deafness
10. Spironolactone: HTN, diuretic, potassium sparing
11. Guanethidine: HTN, neuronal blockers, only for severe hypertension, prevents release and causes
depletion of catecholamines taken up into storage vesicles and is released like false transmitter, does not
cross blood-brain barrier
12. Captopril, lisinopril: HTN, ACE inhibitors
13. Nitroglycerin: angina, increases oxygen supply to heart by direct vasodilatory action on smooth muscle in
coronary arteries
14. Propranolol: angina, reduces oxygen demand by preventing chronotropic re- sponses to endogenous
epinephrine
15. Verapamil: angina, Ca2+ channel blocker, decrease oxygen demand by reduc- ing afterload by reducing
1/
15
,Tufts Pharmacology NBDE Part II
peripheral resistance via vasodilation
16. Lidocaine (Type 1B drugs): arrhythmia, decrease cardiac excitability, for ven- tricular arrhythmias
17. Phenytoin: arrhythmia, to reverse digitalis induced arrhythmias
18. Quinidine (Type 1A drugs): arrhythmia, increases refractory period of cardiac muscle, for supraventricular
tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation
19. Verapamil: arrhythmia, for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and paroxysmal tachycardia and atrial
fibrillation
20. Digitalis: arrhythmia, decreases rate of AV conduction, for atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal tachycardia
21. Propranolol: arrhythmia, for paroxysmal tachycardia
22. Glycosides: CHF, ex: digitalis and digoxin, have positive inotropic effect, in- creasing force of contraction
of myocardium by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase and thus increasing Ca2+ influx, reduces compensatory
changes associated with CHF like heart size, rate, edema
23. Captopril: CHF, ACE inhibitor
24. Digitalis toxicity: nausea and vomiting, yellow-green vision, extrasystole, AV conduction block
related to coadministration with chlorothiazide
2/
15
1. Prazosin: HTN, alpha1 blocker, inhibits release of norepinephrine
2. Methyldopa: HTN, acts centrally to stimulate alpha receptors
3. Clonidine: HTN, stimulates alpha2 receptors in CNS
4. Propranolol: HTN, nonselective beta blocker
5. Metoprolol: HTN, selective beta1 blocker
6. Hydralazine: HTN, directly acts to vasodilate vascular smooth muscle
7. Chlorothiazide: HTN, diuretic, thiazide, when administered with digitalis, will increase penetration of
digitalis into myocardium
8. Furosemide: HTN, diuretic, high-ceiling or loop acting
9. Ethyacrinic acid: HTN, loop or high ceiling diuretic, is associated with deafness
10. Spironolactone: HTN, diuretic, potassium sparing
11. Guanethidine: HTN, neuronal blockers, only for severe hypertension, prevents release and causes
depletion of catecholamines taken up into storage vesicles and is released like false transmitter, does not
cross blood-brain barrier
12. Captopril, lisinopril: HTN, ACE inhibitors
13. Nitroglycerin: angina, increases oxygen supply to heart by direct vasodilatory action on smooth muscle in
coronary arteries
14. Propranolol: angina, reduces oxygen demand by preventing chronotropic re- sponses to endogenous
epinephrine
15. Verapamil: angina, Ca2+ channel blocker, decrease oxygen demand by reduc- ing afterload by reducing
1/
15
,Tufts Pharmacology NBDE Part II
peripheral resistance via vasodilation
16. Lidocaine (Type 1B drugs): arrhythmia, decrease cardiac excitability, for ven- tricular arrhythmias
17. Phenytoin: arrhythmia, to reverse digitalis induced arrhythmias
18. Quinidine (Type 1A drugs): arrhythmia, increases refractory period of cardiac muscle, for supraventricular
tachyarrhythmias and atrial fibrillation
19. Verapamil: arrhythmia, for supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and paroxysmal tachycardia and atrial
fibrillation
20. Digitalis: arrhythmia, decreases rate of AV conduction, for atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal tachycardia
21. Propranolol: arrhythmia, for paroxysmal tachycardia
22. Glycosides: CHF, ex: digitalis and digoxin, have positive inotropic effect, in- creasing force of contraction
of myocardium by inhibiting Na+/K+ ATPase and thus increasing Ca2+ influx, reduces compensatory
changes associated with CHF like heart size, rate, edema
23. Captopril: CHF, ACE inhibitor
24. Digitalis toxicity: nausea and vomiting, yellow-green vision, extrasystole, AV conduction block
related to coadministration with chlorothiazide
2/
15
