PS 230
Personality Theory
4.0 Credits
Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
©2025
, Multiple Choice Questions (10 Questions)
1. Question:
Which model is most widely accepted in contemporary research
for capturing the structure of personality traits?
- a. Eysenck’s Three-Factor Model
- b. The Big Five (Five-Factor Model)
- c. Allport’s Trait Theory
- d. Cattell’s 16 Personality Factors
ANS: b. The Big Five (Five-Factor Model)
Rationale:
The Big Five model, encompassing openness,
conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism,
is supported by extensive empirical research and cross-cultural
studies, making it the most widely accepted model in personality
psychology today.
2. Question:
In Freud’s structural model, the conflict between which two
components is primarily responsible for generating guilt?
- a. Id and Superego
- b. Ego and Superego
- c. Id and Ego
- d. Conscious and Unconscious
ANS: b. Ego and Superego
Rationale:
Freud suggested that guilt arises when the Ego’s decisions
conflict with the internalized moral standards of the Superego,
creating anxiety over transgressions of societal and parental
norms.
3. Question:
Which humanistic theory posits that personality development is
driven by the pursuit of self-actualization through hierarchical
needs?
- a. Carl Rogers’ Theory of Self
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, - b. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- c. Adler’s Individual Psychology
- d. Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory
ANS: b. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Rationale:
Maslow’s theory asserts that individuals are motivated to fulfill a
hierarchy of needs—from physiological to self-actualization—with
personality development emerging as people strive to realize their
full potential.
4. Question:
Which theory emphasizes the reciprocal interaction between
personal factors, behaviors, and environmental influences in
shaping personality?
- a. Psychoanalytic Theory
- b. Trait Theory
- c. Social Cognitive Theory
- d. Humanistic Theory
ANS: c. Social Cognitive Theory
Rationale:
Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory highlights how cognitive,
behavioral, and environmental factors interact bidirectionally
(reciprocal determinism), influencing personality development and
behavior.
5. Question:
According to Allport’s approach to personality, which type of traits
are considered to be the most dominant and defining of an
individual’s character?
- a. Central traits
- b. Secondary traits
- c. Cardinal traits
- d. Surface traits
ANS: c. Cardinal traits
Rationale:
©2025
Personality Theory
4.0 Credits
Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
©2025
, Multiple Choice Questions (10 Questions)
1. Question:
Which model is most widely accepted in contemporary research
for capturing the structure of personality traits?
- a. Eysenck’s Three-Factor Model
- b. The Big Five (Five-Factor Model)
- c. Allport’s Trait Theory
- d. Cattell’s 16 Personality Factors
ANS: b. The Big Five (Five-Factor Model)
Rationale:
The Big Five model, encompassing openness,
conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism,
is supported by extensive empirical research and cross-cultural
studies, making it the most widely accepted model in personality
psychology today.
2. Question:
In Freud’s structural model, the conflict between which two
components is primarily responsible for generating guilt?
- a. Id and Superego
- b. Ego and Superego
- c. Id and Ego
- d. Conscious and Unconscious
ANS: b. Ego and Superego
Rationale:
Freud suggested that guilt arises when the Ego’s decisions
conflict with the internalized moral standards of the Superego,
creating anxiety over transgressions of societal and parental
norms.
3. Question:
Which humanistic theory posits that personality development is
driven by the pursuit of self-actualization through hierarchical
needs?
- a. Carl Rogers’ Theory of Self
©2025
, - b. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- c. Adler’s Individual Psychology
- d. Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory
ANS: b. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Rationale:
Maslow’s theory asserts that individuals are motivated to fulfill a
hierarchy of needs—from physiological to self-actualization—with
personality development emerging as people strive to realize their
full potential.
4. Question:
Which theory emphasizes the reciprocal interaction between
personal factors, behaviors, and environmental influences in
shaping personality?
- a. Psychoanalytic Theory
- b. Trait Theory
- c. Social Cognitive Theory
- d. Humanistic Theory
ANS: c. Social Cognitive Theory
Rationale:
Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory highlights how cognitive,
behavioral, and environmental factors interact bidirectionally
(reciprocal determinism), influencing personality development and
behavior.
5. Question:
According to Allport’s approach to personality, which type of traits
are considered to be the most dominant and defining of an
individual’s character?
- a. Central traits
- b. Secondary traits
- c. Cardinal traits
- d. Surface traits
ANS: c. Cardinal traits
Rationale:
©2025
