Chapter 16: Labor and Birth Processes(100% Verified)
There are 5 factors that affect the process of labor (the 5 P's) (vopp) correct answers 1. Passenger
(fetus and placenta)
2. Passageway (birth canal)
3. Powers (contractions)
4. Position of the mother
5. Psychologic response
The way the passenger, or fetus, moves through the birth canal is determined by the following
interacting factors: __________ correct answers the size of the fetal head,
fetal presentation,
fetal lie,
fetal attitude,
and fetal position.
The fetal skull is composed of _____________ correct answers two parietal bones,
two temporal bones,
the frontal bone,
and the occipital bone
The skull bones are united by membranous sutures: ____________ correct answers sagittal,
lambdoidal,
coronal,
and frontal
During labor, after rupture of membranes, palpation of fontanels and sutures during vaginal
examination reveals ____________- correct answers fetal presentation,
position,
and attitude.
Anterior fontanel (diamond shaped) is the largest (3cm) closes by ___________- correct answers
18 months
Posterior fontanel is 1 cm & triangular shaped, closes by ________________ correct answers 6-8
weeks after birth
___________ slight overlapping of the bones occurs during labor correct answers Molding
Bones slide over one another to permit adaptation to the maternal pelvic
Can be extensive, head return to normal shape 3 days later
____________ refers to the part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the
birth canal during labor. correct answers Presentation
Presentation : The three main presentations are _____________ correct answers cephalic
presentation (head first),96%
, breech presentation (buttocks, feet, or both first), 3%
and shoulder presentation 1%
the presenting part is that part of the fetus that ______________ correct answers lies closest to
the internal os of the cervix. It is the part of the fetal body first felt by the examining finger
during a vaginal examination
Cephalic, presenting part is the __________ correct answers occiput (Vertex)
Breech, presenting part is __________- correct answers the sacrum
Shoulder, presenting part is the _______________ correct answers scapula
Factors that determine the presenting part include ____________ correct answers fetal lie,
fetal attitude,
and extension or flexion of the fetal head
is the relation of the long axis (spine) of the fetus to the long axis (spine) of the mother. correct
answers Lie
The two primary lies are __________ correct answers longitudinal and transverse
lies: the long axis of the fetus is parallel with the long axis of the mother correct answers
longitudinal, or vertical
lies: the long axis of the fetus is at a right angle diagonal to the long axis of the mother correct
answers transverse, horizontal, or oblique,
Vaginal births cannot occur when the fetus stays in a __________- correct answers transverse lie
(shoulder is the presenting part)
An oblique lie (less common) usually converts to a ______________ correct answers
longitudinal or transverse lie during labor.
_________- is the relation of the fetal body parts to one another. correct answers Attitude
Fetal attitude: The fetus assumes a characteristic posture in utero partly because of
_____________- correct answers the mode of fetal growth and partly because of the way the
fetus conforms to the shape of the uterine cavity
general flexion attitude correct answers Back of fetus is rounded, chin is flexed on chest, thighs
flexed on abdomen, legs flexed at knees, arms crossed over thorax, umbilical cord lies between
arms and the legs
_________ which is about 9.25 cm at term, is the largest transverse diameter and an important
indicator of fetal head size correct answers The biparietal diameter,
There are 5 factors that affect the process of labor (the 5 P's) (vopp) correct answers 1. Passenger
(fetus and placenta)
2. Passageway (birth canal)
3. Powers (contractions)
4. Position of the mother
5. Psychologic response
The way the passenger, or fetus, moves through the birth canal is determined by the following
interacting factors: __________ correct answers the size of the fetal head,
fetal presentation,
fetal lie,
fetal attitude,
and fetal position.
The fetal skull is composed of _____________ correct answers two parietal bones,
two temporal bones,
the frontal bone,
and the occipital bone
The skull bones are united by membranous sutures: ____________ correct answers sagittal,
lambdoidal,
coronal,
and frontal
During labor, after rupture of membranes, palpation of fontanels and sutures during vaginal
examination reveals ____________- correct answers fetal presentation,
position,
and attitude.
Anterior fontanel (diamond shaped) is the largest (3cm) closes by ___________- correct answers
18 months
Posterior fontanel is 1 cm & triangular shaped, closes by ________________ correct answers 6-8
weeks after birth
___________ slight overlapping of the bones occurs during labor correct answers Molding
Bones slide over one another to permit adaptation to the maternal pelvic
Can be extensive, head return to normal shape 3 days later
____________ refers to the part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first and leads through the
birth canal during labor. correct answers Presentation
Presentation : The three main presentations are _____________ correct answers cephalic
presentation (head first),96%
, breech presentation (buttocks, feet, or both first), 3%
and shoulder presentation 1%
the presenting part is that part of the fetus that ______________ correct answers lies closest to
the internal os of the cervix. It is the part of the fetal body first felt by the examining finger
during a vaginal examination
Cephalic, presenting part is the __________ correct answers occiput (Vertex)
Breech, presenting part is __________- correct answers the sacrum
Shoulder, presenting part is the _______________ correct answers scapula
Factors that determine the presenting part include ____________ correct answers fetal lie,
fetal attitude,
and extension or flexion of the fetal head
is the relation of the long axis (spine) of the fetus to the long axis (spine) of the mother. correct
answers Lie
The two primary lies are __________ correct answers longitudinal and transverse
lies: the long axis of the fetus is parallel with the long axis of the mother correct answers
longitudinal, or vertical
lies: the long axis of the fetus is at a right angle diagonal to the long axis of the mother correct
answers transverse, horizontal, or oblique,
Vaginal births cannot occur when the fetus stays in a __________- correct answers transverse lie
(shoulder is the presenting part)
An oblique lie (less common) usually converts to a ______________ correct answers
longitudinal or transverse lie during labor.
_________- is the relation of the fetal body parts to one another. correct answers Attitude
Fetal attitude: The fetus assumes a characteristic posture in utero partly because of
_____________- correct answers the mode of fetal growth and partly because of the way the
fetus conforms to the shape of the uterine cavity
general flexion attitude correct answers Back of fetus is rounded, chin is flexed on chest, thighs
flexed on abdomen, legs flexed at knees, arms crossed over thorax, umbilical cord lies between
arms and the legs
_________ which is about 9.25 cm at term, is the largest transverse diameter and an important
indicator of fetal head size correct answers The biparietal diameter,
