Foundations of Reading (190) MTEL
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Alphabetic Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER - Knowing the names AND sounds of
letter.
G
That's the letter G.It makes the /g/ sound. Or vice versa. Sometimes called alphabetic letter
knowledge
Alphabetic Principle - CORRECT ANSWER - Understanding that speech sounds and
symbols of a language are based on systematic and predictable relationships. Think of it as a
child's a-Ha moment...
"When you say my name, Joy, you write it with the same lines/shapes/symbols. Every time I see
those lines/shapes/symbols, I know that's me. It says 'Joy'."
Phoneme - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest units of sounds in spoken language, it has not
inherent meaning
Grapheme - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest unit of written language, i.e., letter(s) and
spelling that represent those sounds in written language
Phonological Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER - Recognition that spoken words are
made up of sounds. Phonemic awareness falls under the umbrella of phonological awareness.
Phonemic Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER - Recognition of the individual phonemes in
words as well as the blending, segmenting and manipulation of them. There are 44 sounds in the
English language.
What early literacy skills promote reading proficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Preschool and Kindergarten classrooms can be significant spaces for early literacy learning.
, What is taught and how it gets taught to 3- to 5-year old children in this setting stems from
multiple spheres of influence from teacher beliefs and backgrounds, school culture, and district
policies to research.
Phoneme isolation - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing individual sounds
in words, for example, "Tell me the first sound in paste." (/p/)
Phoneme identity - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing the common
sound in different words. For example, "Tell me the sound that is the same in bike, boy, and
bell." (/b/)
Phoneme categorization - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing the word
with the odd sound in a sequence of three or four words, for example, "Which word does NOT
belong? bus, bun, rug." (rug)
Phoneme blending - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires listening to a sequence of
separately spoken sounds and combining them to form a recognizable word. For example, "What
word is /s/ /k/ /u/ /l/?" (school)
Phoneme segmentation - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires breaking a word into its
sounds by tapping out or counting the sounds or by pronouncing and positioning a marker for
each sound. For example, "How many phonemes are there in ship?" (three: /sh/ /short i/ /p/)
Phoneme deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing what word
remains when a specified phoneme is removed. For example, "What is smile without the /s/?"
(mile)
PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS (PA) STAIRCASE - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.
Segmenting words into syllables
2. identifying & generating rhyming words
3. Alliteration matching words w/ initial -> final sounds
4. Segments words into onset & rime
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Alphabetic Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER - Knowing the names AND sounds of
letter.
G
That's the letter G.It makes the /g/ sound. Or vice versa. Sometimes called alphabetic letter
knowledge
Alphabetic Principle - CORRECT ANSWER - Understanding that speech sounds and
symbols of a language are based on systematic and predictable relationships. Think of it as a
child's a-Ha moment...
"When you say my name, Joy, you write it with the same lines/shapes/symbols. Every time I see
those lines/shapes/symbols, I know that's me. It says 'Joy'."
Phoneme - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest units of sounds in spoken language, it has not
inherent meaning
Grapheme - CORRECT ANSWER - smallest unit of written language, i.e., letter(s) and
spelling that represent those sounds in written language
Phonological Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER - Recognition that spoken words are
made up of sounds. Phonemic awareness falls under the umbrella of phonological awareness.
Phonemic Awareness - CORRECT ANSWER - Recognition of the individual phonemes in
words as well as the blending, segmenting and manipulation of them. There are 44 sounds in the
English language.
What early literacy skills promote reading proficiency? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Preschool and Kindergarten classrooms can be significant spaces for early literacy learning.
, What is taught and how it gets taught to 3- to 5-year old children in this setting stems from
multiple spheres of influence from teacher beliefs and backgrounds, school culture, and district
policies to research.
Phoneme isolation - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing individual sounds
in words, for example, "Tell me the first sound in paste." (/p/)
Phoneme identity - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing the common
sound in different words. For example, "Tell me the sound that is the same in bike, boy, and
bell." (/b/)
Phoneme categorization - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing the word
with the odd sound in a sequence of three or four words, for example, "Which word does NOT
belong? bus, bun, rug." (rug)
Phoneme blending - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires listening to a sequence of
separately spoken sounds and combining them to form a recognizable word. For example, "What
word is /s/ /k/ /u/ /l/?" (school)
Phoneme segmentation - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires breaking a word into its
sounds by tapping out or counting the sounds or by pronouncing and positioning a marker for
each sound. For example, "How many phonemes are there in ship?" (three: /sh/ /short i/ /p/)
Phoneme deletion - CORRECT ANSWER - which requires recognizing what word
remains when a specified phoneme is removed. For example, "What is smile without the /s/?"
(mile)
PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS (PA) STAIRCASE - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.
Segmenting words into syllables
2. identifying & generating rhyming words
3. Alliteration matching words w/ initial -> final sounds
4. Segments words into onset & rime
