N440 UNIT 3 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
How common is prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the 2nd leading cause of
cancer deaths in men.
Where do the majority of tumors occur in prostate cancer patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The majority occur in outer aspect of prostate gland.
How does prostate cancer spread? - CORRECT ANSWER - Through direct extension,
lymphatic system, or bloodstream.
What are some risk factors for prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - Age
Ethnicity (more common in blacks)
Family hx
high fat diet
BPH
What are some symptoms of Prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - Asymptomatic in
the early stages
Dysuria
hesitancy
dribbling
frequency
urgency
hematuria
nocturia
retention
pain in the lumbosacral area that radiates down to hips or legs
,How is prostate cancer normally found? - CORRECT ANSWER - Most of the time it is
found by a lump or something weird in the prostate area.
What are the diagnostics you would expect for a patient with prostate cancer? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Digital-rectal exam
Prostate- specific antigen
elevated acid phosphate and alkaline phosphatase.
What is a digital rectal exam? - CORRECT ANSWER - physician inserts their finger into
the rectum and feels for the shape of the prostate, a heart shape is good.
What is the prostate specific antigen looking at? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is a useful
marker of tumor volume & success of treatment
What are normal prostate specific antigen values? - CORRECT ANSWER - 0-4 ng/ml
What if the PSA is over 4? - CORRECT ANSWER - it does not necessarily mean they
have prostate cancer but it can be an indicator.
What is a radical prostatectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER - entire prostate gland, seminal
vesicles, and part of the bladder neck are removed.
What is the nerve sparing surgical procedure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nerves for
erection are moved away from prostate prior to removal of prostate.
When would you do a nerve sparing procedure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Only for cancer
confined within the prostate gland.
,What is cryosurgery? - CORRECT ANSWER - destroys cancer cells by freezing the tissue
using liquid nitrogen
What are some complications of cryosurgery? - CORRECT ANSWER - damage to urethra
urethorectal fistula
urethrocutaneous fistula
tissue sloughing
erectile dysfunction
urinary incontinence
prostatitis
hemorrhage
how is radiation for prostate cancer done? - CORRECT ANSWER - External beam
5 days/wk. for 6-8 wks.
What are some side effects of radiation? - CORRECT ANSWER - dry skin
red skin
irritation
diarrhea
abdominal cramping
bleeding
dysuria
nocturia
erectile dysfunction
fatigue
bone marrow suppression
, What is brachytherapy? - CORRECT ANSWER - radioactive seed implants placed into
prostate gland
it gives higher radiation directly to tissue while sparing surrounding tissue
What are some side effects of brachytherapy? - CORRECT ANSWER - urinary irritation
or obstruction
What happens to these seeds that are implanted? - CORRECT ANSWER - They can be
secreted through bodily fluids
like urine, when this happens you must call the doctor and let them know (not emergent)
What hormonal therapy can be done for patients with prostate cancer? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Androgen deprivation therapy
Androgen synthesis inhibitors
Androgen receptor blockers
A client with prostate cancer is taking estrogen daily to control tumor growth. He reports that his
left calf is swollen and painful. Which is the nurse's best action? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Measure and compare calf circumferences
A client with prostate cancer says that he is now having a lot of pain in his lower back and legs.
The nurse educates the client about which intervention? - CORRECT ANSWER - X-rays
of the spine and legs
need to find the pain before you can treat it.
The nurse is caring for a client with cancer of the prostate following a prostatectomy. The nurse
provides discharge instructions to the client and tells the client to? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Avoid lifting objects heavier than 20lbs for at least 6 weeks
Questions and CORRECT Answers
How common is prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is the 2nd leading cause of
cancer deaths in men.
Where do the majority of tumors occur in prostate cancer patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER - The majority occur in outer aspect of prostate gland.
How does prostate cancer spread? - CORRECT ANSWER - Through direct extension,
lymphatic system, or bloodstream.
What are some risk factors for prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - Age
Ethnicity (more common in blacks)
Family hx
high fat diet
BPH
What are some symptoms of Prostate cancer? - CORRECT ANSWER - Asymptomatic in
the early stages
Dysuria
hesitancy
dribbling
frequency
urgency
hematuria
nocturia
retention
pain in the lumbosacral area that radiates down to hips or legs
,How is prostate cancer normally found? - CORRECT ANSWER - Most of the time it is
found by a lump or something weird in the prostate area.
What are the diagnostics you would expect for a patient with prostate cancer? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Digital-rectal exam
Prostate- specific antigen
elevated acid phosphate and alkaline phosphatase.
What is a digital rectal exam? - CORRECT ANSWER - physician inserts their finger into
the rectum and feels for the shape of the prostate, a heart shape is good.
What is the prostate specific antigen looking at? - CORRECT ANSWER - It is a useful
marker of tumor volume & success of treatment
What are normal prostate specific antigen values? - CORRECT ANSWER - 0-4 ng/ml
What if the PSA is over 4? - CORRECT ANSWER - it does not necessarily mean they
have prostate cancer but it can be an indicator.
What is a radical prostatectomy? - CORRECT ANSWER - entire prostate gland, seminal
vesicles, and part of the bladder neck are removed.
What is the nerve sparing surgical procedure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Nerves for
erection are moved away from prostate prior to removal of prostate.
When would you do a nerve sparing procedure? - CORRECT ANSWER - Only for cancer
confined within the prostate gland.
,What is cryosurgery? - CORRECT ANSWER - destroys cancer cells by freezing the tissue
using liquid nitrogen
What are some complications of cryosurgery? - CORRECT ANSWER - damage to urethra
urethorectal fistula
urethrocutaneous fistula
tissue sloughing
erectile dysfunction
urinary incontinence
prostatitis
hemorrhage
how is radiation for prostate cancer done? - CORRECT ANSWER - External beam
5 days/wk. for 6-8 wks.
What are some side effects of radiation? - CORRECT ANSWER - dry skin
red skin
irritation
diarrhea
abdominal cramping
bleeding
dysuria
nocturia
erectile dysfunction
fatigue
bone marrow suppression
, What is brachytherapy? - CORRECT ANSWER - radioactive seed implants placed into
prostate gland
it gives higher radiation directly to tissue while sparing surrounding tissue
What are some side effects of brachytherapy? - CORRECT ANSWER - urinary irritation
or obstruction
What happens to these seeds that are implanted? - CORRECT ANSWER - They can be
secreted through bodily fluids
like urine, when this happens you must call the doctor and let them know (not emergent)
What hormonal therapy can be done for patients with prostate cancer? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Androgen deprivation therapy
Androgen synthesis inhibitors
Androgen receptor blockers
A client with prostate cancer is taking estrogen daily to control tumor growth. He reports that his
left calf is swollen and painful. Which is the nurse's best action? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Measure and compare calf circumferences
A client with prostate cancer says that he is now having a lot of pain in his lower back and legs.
The nurse educates the client about which intervention? - CORRECT ANSWER - X-rays
of the spine and legs
need to find the pain before you can treat it.
The nurse is caring for a client with cancer of the prostate following a prostatectomy. The nurse
provides discharge instructions to the client and tells the client to? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Avoid lifting objects heavier than 20lbs for at least 6 weeks
