N440- Digestion, Elimination, Acid/Base
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
what is a normal BMI? - CORRECT ANSWER - 18.5-25
_____ malnutrition is when there is inadequate intake, impaired nutrient absorption, or
ineffective nutrient utilization; can be caused by starvation, anorexia nervosa, cancer, HIV, celiac
disease etc. - CORRECT ANSWER - insufficient
____ malnutrition progresses to weight gain or nutritional toxicity; can be caused by meds,
lifestyle choices, sendentary lifestyle, or increased calories compared to energy expelled -
CORRECT ANSWER - excess
the body cannot absorb needed nutrients and calories from the food consumed (crohns, UC,
celiac) - CORRECT ANSWER - malabsorption
digestion of consumed food is inadequate for absorption of needed nutrients and calories
(pancreatitis) - CORRECT ANSWER - maldigestion
obesity is considered a BMI of ____ - CORRECT ANSWER - 25-29.9
class 1 obesitity is considered a BMI of ____ - CORRECT ANSWER - 30-34.9
class 2 obesity is considered a BMI of _____ - CORRECT ANSWER - 35-39.9
class 3 obesity is considered a BMI of ___ - CORRECT ANSWER - <40
what can obesity lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER - HTN
,CAD
sleep apnea
joint deterioration
insufficient malnutrition patients are at risk for: - CORRECT ANSWER - lethargy,
fatigue, poor wound healing, more prone to infection
what are nursing interventions for insufficient malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - eat
supplemental shakes, give the patients adequate time to eat, let them eat in a quiet place
this nutrient is the preferred energy source; they enhance normal fat metabolism (milk, grains,
fruit, veggies) - CORRECT ANSWER - carbohydrates
this is the stored form of energy - CORRECT ANSWER - fat
this nutrient is critical to all aspects of growth and developemnt - CORRECT ANSWER -
proteins
_______ are substances found in food that your body needs for growth and health (can be macro
or trace) - CORRECT ANSWER - minerals
calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride are all ____ minerals -
CORRECT ANSWER - macro
iron, copper, iodine, zinc, fluoride, and selenium are all ___ minerals - CORRECT
ANSWER - trace
___ is a component of every cell in the body; in children deficiencies in this can affect growth
and development and in adults it can impair the repair and replacement of body tissues -
CORRECT ANSWER - proteins
,what is the recommended amount of protein you should consume per day? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 0.4 grams/lb
this vitamin cannot be made by the human body and without it can lead to scurvy - CORRECT
ANSWER - vitamin C
scurvy s/s: - CORRECT ANSWER - easily bruises and bleeds; muscle/joint pain
____ aids in the development of the nervous system and prevents neural tube defects in women;
it is found in green leafy vegetables and cereal - CORRECT ANSWER - folate
they recommend taking ____ mcg of folate while pregnant - CORRECT ANSWER - 400
a deficiency in vitamin D leads to an increase in ___ + _____ - CORRECT ANSWER -
osteoporosis and fractures
what are s/s of insufficient malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - pallor
fatigue/weakness/periods of lightheadedness
trouble breathing
hair loss
heart palpitations
depression
menstrual issues
constipation
poor wound healing
what are some reasons for insufficient malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - eating
disorders
, depression
dementia
dieting/fasting
difficulty eating
addiction (meth, alcohol, drugs)
immobility
medical conditions (HIV, parkinsons, cleft palate)
what are some s/s of excess malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - breathlessness
increased sweating
snoring
activity restrictions
fatigue
back and joint pains
low self-esteem/depression
what are some reasons for excess malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - consume more
calories than you burn
chronic steriods, antidepressants, antiseizure meds
bad genetics
sedentary lifestyle
with the elderly population, what do you focus on assessing? - CORRECT ANSWER -
weight loss (weigh daily)
chewing ability (food pocketing)
cognition
sensory losses
pain
social isolation
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
what is a normal BMI? - CORRECT ANSWER - 18.5-25
_____ malnutrition is when there is inadequate intake, impaired nutrient absorption, or
ineffective nutrient utilization; can be caused by starvation, anorexia nervosa, cancer, HIV, celiac
disease etc. - CORRECT ANSWER - insufficient
____ malnutrition progresses to weight gain or nutritional toxicity; can be caused by meds,
lifestyle choices, sendentary lifestyle, or increased calories compared to energy expelled -
CORRECT ANSWER - excess
the body cannot absorb needed nutrients and calories from the food consumed (crohns, UC,
celiac) - CORRECT ANSWER - malabsorption
digestion of consumed food is inadequate for absorption of needed nutrients and calories
(pancreatitis) - CORRECT ANSWER - maldigestion
obesity is considered a BMI of ____ - CORRECT ANSWER - 25-29.9
class 1 obesitity is considered a BMI of ____ - CORRECT ANSWER - 30-34.9
class 2 obesity is considered a BMI of _____ - CORRECT ANSWER - 35-39.9
class 3 obesity is considered a BMI of ___ - CORRECT ANSWER - <40
what can obesity lead to? - CORRECT ANSWER - HTN
,CAD
sleep apnea
joint deterioration
insufficient malnutrition patients are at risk for: - CORRECT ANSWER - lethargy,
fatigue, poor wound healing, more prone to infection
what are nursing interventions for insufficient malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - eat
supplemental shakes, give the patients adequate time to eat, let them eat in a quiet place
this nutrient is the preferred energy source; they enhance normal fat metabolism (milk, grains,
fruit, veggies) - CORRECT ANSWER - carbohydrates
this is the stored form of energy - CORRECT ANSWER - fat
this nutrient is critical to all aspects of growth and developemnt - CORRECT ANSWER -
proteins
_______ are substances found in food that your body needs for growth and health (can be macro
or trace) - CORRECT ANSWER - minerals
calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and chloride are all ____ minerals -
CORRECT ANSWER - macro
iron, copper, iodine, zinc, fluoride, and selenium are all ___ minerals - CORRECT
ANSWER - trace
___ is a component of every cell in the body; in children deficiencies in this can affect growth
and development and in adults it can impair the repair and replacement of body tissues -
CORRECT ANSWER - proteins
,what is the recommended amount of protein you should consume per day? - CORRECT
ANSWER - 0.4 grams/lb
this vitamin cannot be made by the human body and without it can lead to scurvy - CORRECT
ANSWER - vitamin C
scurvy s/s: - CORRECT ANSWER - easily bruises and bleeds; muscle/joint pain
____ aids in the development of the nervous system and prevents neural tube defects in women;
it is found in green leafy vegetables and cereal - CORRECT ANSWER - folate
they recommend taking ____ mcg of folate while pregnant - CORRECT ANSWER - 400
a deficiency in vitamin D leads to an increase in ___ + _____ - CORRECT ANSWER -
osteoporosis and fractures
what are s/s of insufficient malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - pallor
fatigue/weakness/periods of lightheadedness
trouble breathing
hair loss
heart palpitations
depression
menstrual issues
constipation
poor wound healing
what are some reasons for insufficient malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - eating
disorders
, depression
dementia
dieting/fasting
difficulty eating
addiction (meth, alcohol, drugs)
immobility
medical conditions (HIV, parkinsons, cleft palate)
what are some s/s of excess malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - breathlessness
increased sweating
snoring
activity restrictions
fatigue
back and joint pains
low self-esteem/depression
what are some reasons for excess malnutrition? - CORRECT ANSWER - consume more
calories than you burn
chronic steriods, antidepressants, antiseizure meds
bad genetics
sedentary lifestyle
with the elderly population, what do you focus on assessing? - CORRECT ANSWER -
weight loss (weigh daily)
chewing ability (food pocketing)
cognition
sensory losses
pain
social isolation
