PARAMEDIC AIRWAY FISDAP EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2025-2026
UPDATE
Alveoli - Answer-Balloon-like clusters of single-layer air sacs, and
serve as the functional site for the exchange of oxygen and CO2. This
exchange occurs by simple diffusion over the pulmonary capillaries.
Ventilation - Answer-Process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
Consist of two phases- inhalation and exhalation.
Oxygenation - Answer-Process of loading O2 molecules onto
hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream.
Respiration - Answer-Actual exchange of O2 and CO2 in the alveoli
and the tissues of the body.
Inhalation - Answer-Air enters the body, the diaphragm and intercostal
muscles contract. When the diaphragm contracts, it descends and
enlarges the thoracic cage from top to bottom. When the intercostal
muscles contract, they lift the ribs up and out.
Diaphragm - Answer-Stimulated by the Phrenic Nerve, it is a voluntary
and involuntary muscle.
Accessory Muscles - Answer-Secondary muscles of breathing, and
include the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles of the neck.
, Negative Pressure Ventilation - Answer-The air outside the body, is
normally higher in pressure than the air within the thorax. During
inhalation, the thoracic cage expands and the air within the thorax
decreases, creating a slight vacuum. The vacuum pulls the air in through
the trachea, causing the lungs to fill.
Positive Pressure Ventilation - Answer-With ineffective chest
movement, or no chest movement, negative intrathoracic pressure
cannot be created. When this occurs, the only way to move air into the
lungs is by PPV, the forcing of air into the lungs.
Tidal Vol/Dead Space/Residual Vol/Total Lung Capacity - Answer-
Tidal- 500ml
Total Lung Capacity- 6,000ml/5-6L
Dead Space- 150ml
Residual Vol- 1,200ml
Hering- Breuer Reflex - Answer-Terminates inhalation to prevent over-
expansion of the lungs.
Medulla - Answer-Primary involuntary (autonomic) respiratory center.
Connected to the respiratory muscles by the vagus nerve. The medullary
respiratory center controls the rate, depth, and rhythm of breathing.
Chemoreceptors - Answer-Receptors that monitor the chemical
composition (pH, CO2,) of body fluids that are located throughout the
, body. They measure the amount of CO2 in arterial blood and pH in CSF,
and if sensed any changes will send signals to the respiratory center.
Upper Airway - Answer-Consists of all structures above the level of the
vocal cords. The nose, mouth, jaw, oral cavity and pharynx.
Lower Airway - Answer-Function is to exchange oxygen and carbon
dioxide. Starts at the larynx. Spans from the glottis to the pulmonary
capillary membrane.
Turbinates - Answer-Increase the surface area of the nasal mucosa,
thereby improving the processes of warming, filtering and
humidification of inhaled air.
Hyoid Bone - Answer-Small, horseshoe shaped bone that attaches to the
tongue.
Thyroid Cartilage - Answer-Adams apple. Directly anterior to the
glottic opening.
Cricoid Cartilage - Answer-AKA Cricoid Ring, forms the lowest
portion of the larynx, and the first ring of the trachea.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2025-2026
UPDATE
Alveoli - Answer-Balloon-like clusters of single-layer air sacs, and
serve as the functional site for the exchange of oxygen and CO2. This
exchange occurs by simple diffusion over the pulmonary capillaries.
Ventilation - Answer-Process of moving air in and out of the lungs.
Consist of two phases- inhalation and exhalation.
Oxygenation - Answer-Process of loading O2 molecules onto
hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream.
Respiration - Answer-Actual exchange of O2 and CO2 in the alveoli
and the tissues of the body.
Inhalation - Answer-Air enters the body, the diaphragm and intercostal
muscles contract. When the diaphragm contracts, it descends and
enlarges the thoracic cage from top to bottom. When the intercostal
muscles contract, they lift the ribs up and out.
Diaphragm - Answer-Stimulated by the Phrenic Nerve, it is a voluntary
and involuntary muscle.
Accessory Muscles - Answer-Secondary muscles of breathing, and
include the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles of the neck.
, Negative Pressure Ventilation - Answer-The air outside the body, is
normally higher in pressure than the air within the thorax. During
inhalation, the thoracic cage expands and the air within the thorax
decreases, creating a slight vacuum. The vacuum pulls the air in through
the trachea, causing the lungs to fill.
Positive Pressure Ventilation - Answer-With ineffective chest
movement, or no chest movement, negative intrathoracic pressure
cannot be created. When this occurs, the only way to move air into the
lungs is by PPV, the forcing of air into the lungs.
Tidal Vol/Dead Space/Residual Vol/Total Lung Capacity - Answer-
Tidal- 500ml
Total Lung Capacity- 6,000ml/5-6L
Dead Space- 150ml
Residual Vol- 1,200ml
Hering- Breuer Reflex - Answer-Terminates inhalation to prevent over-
expansion of the lungs.
Medulla - Answer-Primary involuntary (autonomic) respiratory center.
Connected to the respiratory muscles by the vagus nerve. The medullary
respiratory center controls the rate, depth, and rhythm of breathing.
Chemoreceptors - Answer-Receptors that monitor the chemical
composition (pH, CO2,) of body fluids that are located throughout the
, body. They measure the amount of CO2 in arterial blood and pH in CSF,
and if sensed any changes will send signals to the respiratory center.
Upper Airway - Answer-Consists of all structures above the level of the
vocal cords. The nose, mouth, jaw, oral cavity and pharynx.
Lower Airway - Answer-Function is to exchange oxygen and carbon
dioxide. Starts at the larynx. Spans from the glottis to the pulmonary
capillary membrane.
Turbinates - Answer-Increase the surface area of the nasal mucosa,
thereby improving the processes of warming, filtering and
humidification of inhaled air.
Hyoid Bone - Answer-Small, horseshoe shaped bone that attaches to the
tongue.
Thyroid Cartilage - Answer-Adams apple. Directly anterior to the
glottic opening.
Cricoid Cartilage - Answer-AKA Cricoid Ring, forms the lowest
portion of the larynx, and the first ring of the trachea.
