Comprehensive Study 1 Up to Date Content
PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS for ATI
test Latest Questions and Graded
Answers
Receptors
Ans: Norepinephrine-Adrenergic (adrenergic comes
from the word adrenalin)
Alpha 1-all sympathetic target organs except the
heart-constrict the blood vessels and dilation of
pupils
Alpha 2-Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminal-
inhibits the release of norepinephrine
Beta 1-Heart and Kidneys (BETA 1-ONE HEART)-
increased heart rate and force of contraction, release
of renin
Beta 2-All sympathetic target organs-inhibits smooth
muscle (BETA 2-TWO LUNGS)
EXAM 1 DRUGS!!!!
Beta blockers/olol's
Up to Date Content
,Comprehensive Study 2 Up to Date Content
Ans: Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Metoprolol/Lopressor ENDING OLOL
Beta Blockers are use with heart failure,
hypertension, angina and with myocardial
infarctions.
Action = Blocks Beta-Receptors in the heart
causing...
Decreases = HR, force of contraction, Rate of
atrioventricular (AV) conduction
SE = Bradycardia, lethargy, GI disturbance,
congestive heart failure, decrease BP, depression
The beta blockers stop sympathetic nervous system
stimulation of the heart. Does not allow the heart
rate and blood pressure to rise with stress thus
lowering the oxygen demand of the heart. It is very
heart protective!
Will slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure
Can have beta 2 blockage with larger doses-will
constrict the bronchioles-watch for clients with
known COPD, Asthma
Nursing Interventions
Check pulse-needs to be 60 or above
Check blood pressure-if hypotensive do not give
(Systolic below 100 is a good rule of thumb I go by)
Monitor for sexual dysfunction-impotence for men-a
good reason for non-compliance
Drowsiness/Fatigue-operating heavy machinery,
driving could put client at risk
Up to Date Content
,Comprehensive Study 3 Up to Date Content
Insomnia-
Contraindicated with Heart Blocks, Bradycardia,
Worsening Heart Failure
Increases Hypoglycemic effect of Insulin-monitor
blood sugars and for hypoglycemia, may need to
lower insulin dosage
Beta Blockers have to be weaned slowly to prevent
rebound hypertension and tachycardia-if a client
wants to stop his beta-blocker they need to contract
their physician
CCB,/calcium channel blockers
Up to Date Content
, Comprehensive Study 4 Up to Date Content
Ans: Nifedipine/Adalat/Procardia/Norvasc-controls
blood vessels
Diltiazem/Cardizem
Verapamil/Calan/Isoptin/Verelan-controls heart rate
and blood vessels
Angina/Raynaud's/Vasospastic Angina/Atrial
Arrhythmia's
Blocks calcium channels in the myocardial and
vascular smooth muscles, decreases the contraction
of smooth muscle-relaxes the arteries-vasodilation.
Blocking of calcium channels in the SA and AV node-
Slows conduction through the SA and AV node.
Decreases the force of contraction slows heart rate
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of
nifedipine
Side Effects: Relaxes smooth muscle and cardiac
muscle-
Headache
Diiness-Take lying, sitting and standing B/P, educate
client to sit and stand slowly
Peripheral edema-assess for edema, monitor for worsening
(diuretic)
Flushing
Reflex tachycardia-monitor for elevated heart rate (may need
a BB)
Up to Date Content
PHARMACOLOGY DRUGS for ATI
test Latest Questions and Graded
Answers
Receptors
Ans: Norepinephrine-Adrenergic (adrenergic comes
from the word adrenalin)
Alpha 1-all sympathetic target organs except the
heart-constrict the blood vessels and dilation of
pupils
Alpha 2-Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminal-
inhibits the release of norepinephrine
Beta 1-Heart and Kidneys (BETA 1-ONE HEART)-
increased heart rate and force of contraction, release
of renin
Beta 2-All sympathetic target organs-inhibits smooth
muscle (BETA 2-TWO LUNGS)
EXAM 1 DRUGS!!!!
Beta blockers/olol's
Up to Date Content
,Comprehensive Study 2 Up to Date Content
Ans: Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Metoprolol/Lopressor ENDING OLOL
Beta Blockers are use with heart failure,
hypertension, angina and with myocardial
infarctions.
Action = Blocks Beta-Receptors in the heart
causing...
Decreases = HR, force of contraction, Rate of
atrioventricular (AV) conduction
SE = Bradycardia, lethargy, GI disturbance,
congestive heart failure, decrease BP, depression
The beta blockers stop sympathetic nervous system
stimulation of the heart. Does not allow the heart
rate and blood pressure to rise with stress thus
lowering the oxygen demand of the heart. It is very
heart protective!
Will slow the heart rate and lower the blood pressure
Can have beta 2 blockage with larger doses-will
constrict the bronchioles-watch for clients with
known COPD, Asthma
Nursing Interventions
Check pulse-needs to be 60 or above
Check blood pressure-if hypotensive do not give
(Systolic below 100 is a good rule of thumb I go by)
Monitor for sexual dysfunction-impotence for men-a
good reason for non-compliance
Drowsiness/Fatigue-operating heavy machinery,
driving could put client at risk
Up to Date Content
,Comprehensive Study 3 Up to Date Content
Insomnia-
Contraindicated with Heart Blocks, Bradycardia,
Worsening Heart Failure
Increases Hypoglycemic effect of Insulin-monitor
blood sugars and for hypoglycemia, may need to
lower insulin dosage
Beta Blockers have to be weaned slowly to prevent
rebound hypertension and tachycardia-if a client
wants to stop his beta-blocker they need to contract
their physician
CCB,/calcium channel blockers
Up to Date Content
, Comprehensive Study 4 Up to Date Content
Ans: Nifedipine/Adalat/Procardia/Norvasc-controls
blood vessels
Diltiazem/Cardizem
Verapamil/Calan/Isoptin/Verelan-controls heart rate
and blood vessels
Angina/Raynaud's/Vasospastic Angina/Atrial
Arrhythmia's
Blocks calcium channels in the myocardial and
vascular smooth muscles, decreases the contraction
of smooth muscle-relaxes the arteries-vasodilation.
Blocking of calcium channels in the SA and AV node-
Slows conduction through the SA and AV node.
Decreases the force of contraction slows heart rate
Grapefruit juice may increase absorption of
nifedipine
Side Effects: Relaxes smooth muscle and cardiac
muscle-
Headache
Diiness-Take lying, sitting and standing B/P, educate
client to sit and stand slowly
Peripheral edema-assess for edema, monitor for worsening
(diuretic)
Flushing
Reflex tachycardia-monitor for elevated heart rate (may need
a BB)
Up to Date Content
