2025 HESI MED SURG EXAM | ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS |
NEWEST EXAM | GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS
(JUST RELEASED)
Which condition should the nurse suspect when a client reports vaginal
dryness during intercourse?
Obstructed Bartholin's glands.
Hyperactive sebaceous glands.
Infected bulbourethral glands.
Strangulated prostate gland. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Obstructed Bartholin's glands.
Bartholin's glands are located posteriorly on each side of the vaginal
opening; they secrete lubrication fluid during sexual excitement. The
nurse should suspect obstructed Bartholin's glands when a client
reports vaginal dryness during intercourse.
A 20-year-old female client calls the nurse to report a lump she found in her
breast. Which response is the best for the nurse to provide?
"Check it again in one month, and if it is still there schedule an
appointment."
"Most lumps are benign, but it is always best to come in for an
examination."
"Try not to worry too much about it, because usually, most lumps are
benign."
"If you are in your menstrual period it is not a good time to check for
lumps." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------"Most lumps are benign,
but it is always best to come in for an examination."
The nurse advising the client to come in provides the best response
because it addresses the client's anxiety most effectively and
encourages prompt and immediate action for a potential problem.
,A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been
experiencing severe reflux during sleep. Which recommendation by the
nurse is most effective to assist the client?
Losing weight.
Decreasing caffeine intake.
Avoiding large meals.
Raising the head of the bed on blocks. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------
-------Raising the head of the bed on blocks.
Raising the head of the bed on blocks (reverse Trendelenburg
position) to reduce reflux and subsequent aspiration is the most non-
pharmacological effective recommendation for a client experiencing
severe gastroesophageal reflux during sleep.
Which assessment finding by the nurse during a client's clinical breast
examination requires follow-up?
Newly retracted nipple.
A thickened area where the skin folds under the breast.
Whitish nipple discharge.
Tender lumpiness noted bilaterally throughout the breasts. ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Newly retracted nipple.
A newly retracted nipple, compared to a life-long finding, may be an
indication of breast cancer and requires additional follow-up.
A client has taken steroids for 12 years to help manage chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). When making a home visit, which nursing
assessment is of greatest importance to this client?
pulse rate, both apically and radially.
blood pressure, both standing and sitting.
temperature.
,skin color and turgor. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------temperature
Long term use of steroids by COPD clients is effective in suppressing
inflammation in their airways making it easier for them to breath, but
at the same time suppresses the immune system, placing the client at
risk for infection, so it is very important to obtain the client's
temperature.
The registered nurse (RN) assesses arterial blood gas results of a client
that has emphysema. Which finding is consistent with respiratory acidosis?
pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
pH 7.45 , pCO 2 37 mmHg, HCO 3 24 mEq/L.
pH 7.34, pCO 2 36 mmHg, HCO 3 21 mEq/L.
pH 7.46, pCO 2 35 mmHg, HCO 3 28 mEq/L. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-
----------------pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
Normal ABG ranges are pH 7.35 to 7.45; pCO2 35 to 45 mmHg; HCO3
21 to 28 mEq/L, and pO2 80 to 100 mmHg. An ABG of pH 7.32, pCO2
46 mmHg, HCO3 24 MEq/L represents a client with respiratory
acidosis which is characterized by: low pH, pCO2 higher than normal,
and HCO3 within normal limits.
A client with multiple sclerosis has experienced an exacerbation of
symptoms, including paresthesias, diplopia, and nystagmus. Which
instruction should the nurse provide?
Stay out of direct sunlight.
Restrict intake of high protein foods.
Schedule extra rest periods.
Go to the emergency room immediately. ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------
---------Schedule extra rest periods.
Exacerbations of the symptoms of MS occur most commonly as the
result of fatigue and stress. The client should be encouraged to
schedule extra rest periods to help reduce the symptoms.
, In preparing a discharge plan for a 22-year-old male client diagnosed with
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans), which referral is most
important?
Genetic counseling.
Twelve-step recovery program.
Clinical nutritionist.
Smoking cessation program. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Smoking cessation program.
Buerger's disease is strongly related to smoking or the use of some
other form of tobacco which affects the circulation in the arms and
legs leading to infection and gangrene and sometimes amputation of
the affected area. The most effective means of controlling symptoms
and disease progression is through smoking cessation. The cause of
Buerger's disease is unknown; a genetic predisposition is possible,
but unproven.
Which intervention should the nurse plan to implement when caring for a
client who has just undergone a right above-the-knee amputation?
Maintain the residual limb on three pillows at all times.
Place a large tourniquet at the client's bedside.
Apply constant, direct pressure to the residual limb.
Do not allow the client to lie in the prone position. ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Place a large tourniquet at the client's bedside.
A large tourniquet should be placed in plain sight at the client's
bedside, in the event severe bleeding occurs. The purpose is to have
the tourniquet available to apply to the residual limb to control
bleeding if hemorrhaging was to occur.
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS |
NEWEST EXAM | GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS
(JUST RELEASED)
Which condition should the nurse suspect when a client reports vaginal
dryness during intercourse?
Obstructed Bartholin's glands.
Hyperactive sebaceous glands.
Infected bulbourethral glands.
Strangulated prostate gland. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Obstructed Bartholin's glands.
Bartholin's glands are located posteriorly on each side of the vaginal
opening; they secrete lubrication fluid during sexual excitement. The
nurse should suspect obstructed Bartholin's glands when a client
reports vaginal dryness during intercourse.
A 20-year-old female client calls the nurse to report a lump she found in her
breast. Which response is the best for the nurse to provide?
"Check it again in one month, and if it is still there schedule an
appointment."
"Most lumps are benign, but it is always best to come in for an
examination."
"Try not to worry too much about it, because usually, most lumps are
benign."
"If you are in your menstrual period it is not a good time to check for
lumps." ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------"Most lumps are benign,
but it is always best to come in for an examination."
The nurse advising the client to come in provides the best response
because it addresses the client's anxiety most effectively and
encourages prompt and immediate action for a potential problem.
,A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been
experiencing severe reflux during sleep. Which recommendation by the
nurse is most effective to assist the client?
Losing weight.
Decreasing caffeine intake.
Avoiding large meals.
Raising the head of the bed on blocks. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------
-------Raising the head of the bed on blocks.
Raising the head of the bed on blocks (reverse Trendelenburg
position) to reduce reflux and subsequent aspiration is the most non-
pharmacological effective recommendation for a client experiencing
severe gastroesophageal reflux during sleep.
Which assessment finding by the nurse during a client's clinical breast
examination requires follow-up?
Newly retracted nipple.
A thickened area where the skin folds under the breast.
Whitish nipple discharge.
Tender lumpiness noted bilaterally throughout the breasts. ---------
CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Newly retracted nipple.
A newly retracted nipple, compared to a life-long finding, may be an
indication of breast cancer and requires additional follow-up.
A client has taken steroids for 12 years to help manage chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). When making a home visit, which nursing
assessment is of greatest importance to this client?
pulse rate, both apically and radially.
blood pressure, both standing and sitting.
temperature.
,skin color and turgor. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------temperature
Long term use of steroids by COPD clients is effective in suppressing
inflammation in their airways making it easier for them to breath, but
at the same time suppresses the immune system, placing the client at
risk for infection, so it is very important to obtain the client's
temperature.
The registered nurse (RN) assesses arterial blood gas results of a client
that has emphysema. Which finding is consistent with respiratory acidosis?
pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
pH 7.45 , pCO 2 37 mmHg, HCO 3 24 mEq/L.
pH 7.34, pCO 2 36 mmHg, HCO 3 21 mEq/L.
pH 7.46, pCO 2 35 mmHg, HCO 3 28 mEq/L. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-
----------------pH 7.32, pCO 2 46 mmHg, HCO 3 24 MEq/L.
Normal ABG ranges are pH 7.35 to 7.45; pCO2 35 to 45 mmHg; HCO3
21 to 28 mEq/L, and pO2 80 to 100 mmHg. An ABG of pH 7.32, pCO2
46 mmHg, HCO3 24 MEq/L represents a client with respiratory
acidosis which is characterized by: low pH, pCO2 higher than normal,
and HCO3 within normal limits.
A client with multiple sclerosis has experienced an exacerbation of
symptoms, including paresthesias, diplopia, and nystagmus. Which
instruction should the nurse provide?
Stay out of direct sunlight.
Restrict intake of high protein foods.
Schedule extra rest periods.
Go to the emergency room immediately. ---------CORRECT ANSWER--------
---------Schedule extra rest periods.
Exacerbations of the symptoms of MS occur most commonly as the
result of fatigue and stress. The client should be encouraged to
schedule extra rest periods to help reduce the symptoms.
, In preparing a discharge plan for a 22-year-old male client diagnosed with
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans), which referral is most
important?
Genetic counseling.
Twelve-step recovery program.
Clinical nutritionist.
Smoking cessation program. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------
Smoking cessation program.
Buerger's disease is strongly related to smoking or the use of some
other form of tobacco which affects the circulation in the arms and
legs leading to infection and gangrene and sometimes amputation of
the affected area. The most effective means of controlling symptoms
and disease progression is through smoking cessation. The cause of
Buerger's disease is unknown; a genetic predisposition is possible,
but unproven.
Which intervention should the nurse plan to implement when caring for a
client who has just undergone a right above-the-knee amputation?
Maintain the residual limb on three pillows at all times.
Place a large tourniquet at the client's bedside.
Apply constant, direct pressure to the residual limb.
Do not allow the client to lie in the prone position. ---------CORRECT
ANSWER-----------------Place a large tourniquet at the client's bedside.
A large tourniquet should be placed in plain sight at the client's
bedside, in the event severe bleeding occurs. The purpose is to have
the tourniquet available to apply to the residual limb to control
bleeding if hemorrhaging was to occur.
