©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Bio 121 Exam #1 Dr. Minchella Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
Taxonomy - ANS study of naming/classifying
Phylogeny - ANS evolutionary history
In a phylogenic tree, what does a longer line infer? - ANS That it took longer for evolution to
occur between the two species than the two species with the shorter line.
What are the six kingdoms? - ANS Archae Bacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi,
Animalia
What kingdom was split to create the sixth kingdom? - ANS Monera was split into Archae
Bacteria and Eubacteria
What are the differences between eucaryotes and prokaryotes regarding reproduction and
organelles? - ANS Eukaryotes reproduce sexually and asexually and they have many
organelles. Prokaryotes reproduce asexually only and have few organelles.
What distinguishes the three domains? - ANS sequence ribosomal RNA
What are the three domains? - ANS Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What are the six requirements for life? - ANS Metabolism, reproduction, genetics, evolution,
growth (populations), and adaptation
What are some examples of common solutions that species use when lacking the requirements
for life? - ANS Major metabolic pathways (glycosis), replicate DNA, genetic codes
When climates are unfavorable, what do bacteria do? Plants? Animals? Protista? -
ANS Bacteria/fungi - produce spore
Plants - seed/go dormant
Animals - hibernate/migrate
Protista- cyst (protective stage)
Explain autotrophy vs heterotrophy. - ANS Autotrophy - self-feeding (synthesize organic
compounds from inorganic sources)
Heterotrophy - other feeding (synthesize energy from organic substances)
What are the two types of autotrophs? - ANS Chemoautotrophs (energy from chemical
compounds) and photoautotrophs (energy from light)
What is a facultative heterotroph? Example? - ANS They can feed through organic and
inorganic substances (carnivorous plants)
Which of the six kingdoms are heterotrophic and which are autotrophic? - ANS Archae
Bacteria - Autotrophic
Eubacteria - Both heterotrophic and autotrophic
Protista - Mainly heterotrophic, some are autotrophic
Plantae - Autotrophic
Fungi - Heterotrophic
Animalia - Heterotrophic
2
Bio 121 Exam #1 Dr. Minchella Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
Taxonomy - ANS study of naming/classifying
Phylogeny - ANS evolutionary history
In a phylogenic tree, what does a longer line infer? - ANS That it took longer for evolution to
occur between the two species than the two species with the shorter line.
What are the six kingdoms? - ANS Archae Bacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Plantae, Fungi,
Animalia
What kingdom was split to create the sixth kingdom? - ANS Monera was split into Archae
Bacteria and Eubacteria
What are the differences between eucaryotes and prokaryotes regarding reproduction and
organelles? - ANS Eukaryotes reproduce sexually and asexually and they have many
organelles. Prokaryotes reproduce asexually only and have few organelles.
What distinguishes the three domains? - ANS sequence ribosomal RNA
What are the three domains? - ANS Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
1
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What are the six requirements for life? - ANS Metabolism, reproduction, genetics, evolution,
growth (populations), and adaptation
What are some examples of common solutions that species use when lacking the requirements
for life? - ANS Major metabolic pathways (glycosis), replicate DNA, genetic codes
When climates are unfavorable, what do bacteria do? Plants? Animals? Protista? -
ANS Bacteria/fungi - produce spore
Plants - seed/go dormant
Animals - hibernate/migrate
Protista- cyst (protective stage)
Explain autotrophy vs heterotrophy. - ANS Autotrophy - self-feeding (synthesize organic
compounds from inorganic sources)
Heterotrophy - other feeding (synthesize energy from organic substances)
What are the two types of autotrophs? - ANS Chemoautotrophs (energy from chemical
compounds) and photoautotrophs (energy from light)
What is a facultative heterotroph? Example? - ANS They can feed through organic and
inorganic substances (carnivorous plants)
Which of the six kingdoms are heterotrophic and which are autotrophic? - ANS Archae
Bacteria - Autotrophic
Eubacteria - Both heterotrophic and autotrophic
Protista - Mainly heterotrophic, some are autotrophic
Plantae - Autotrophic
Fungi - Heterotrophic
Animalia - Heterotrophic
2
