BIO 340 ASU HOLECHECK MODULE 5
EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
purines ( correct have a double ring structure with a six-
answers ) fused to a five- membered ring
membered ring.
Pyrimidines ( correct answers ) have a single six-membered ring structure.
5'-3' phosphodiester bonds ( correct answers ) DNA nucleotides that are part
of a polynucleotide chain have one phosphate residue attached to the
hydroxyl group of the 5' carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide and the
hydroxyl group of the 3' carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide.
dNMPs ( correct answers ) nucleotides that are part of a polynucleotide
chain and called collectively deoxynucleoside monophosphates where N can
refer to any of the four nucleotide bases.
dNTPs ( correct answers ) free reactive DNA nucleotides called
deoxynucleotide triphosphates that are not part of a polynucleotide chain
carry a string of three phosphate groups at the 5' carbon
DNA polymerase ( correct answers ) catalyzes the formation of a
phosphodiester bond between the 3' hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and
the 5' phosphate group of an adjacent nucleotide.
sugar-phosphate backbone ( correct answers ) alternating sugar and
phosphate groups throughout a polynucleotide chain
antiparallel orientation ( correct answers ) 3' end of one strand faces the 5'
end of the other strand so that the partial charges of complementary
nucleotides come into alignment to form hydrogen bonds.
hydrogen bond ( correct answers ) A type of weak chemical bond formed
when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one
molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond
in another molecule.
3.4 angstroms ( correct answers ) Each base pair nucleotide is separated
from the other base pair by a distance of
1 angstrom ( correct answers ) is equal to .1 nano meter (nm)
, Major groove ( correct answers ) N7 and C6 groups of purines and the C4
and C5 groups of pyrimidines face into the
Minor groove ( correct answers ) H-bond donors and acceptors are in the
B-form DNA ( correct answers ) is the most common and stable in
which molecular configuration spirals to the right
A-form DNA ( correct answers ) compact with about 11 base pairs per
complete helical twist and a higher degree of tilt of the base pairs relative to
the backbone. Found in dehydrated samples.
Z-form DNA ( correct answers ) a rarer Left-handed helical structure
found in DNA bound to certain proteins.
Chargaff's Rules ( correct answers ) DNA from any cell of all organisms
should have a 1:1 ratio (base pair rule) of pyrimidine and purine bases
specifically that the amount of G is equal to C and the amount of A is
equal to T.
semi-conservative ( correct answers ) each of the two parental DNA
strands acts as a template for new DNA to be synthesized; after replication,
each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or "old" strand and one
"new" strand.
bidirectional ( correct answers ) DNA replication is
meaning progressing in both directions.
origins of replication ( correct answers ) particular positions in
chromosomes where specialized initiator proteins bind to DNA to start
the process of replication.
Bacterial chromosomes ( correct answers ) contain only one single
origin of replication
eukaryotic chromosomes ( correct answers ) contain multiple origins of
replication
eukaryotes ( correct answers ) Multiple origins are necessary in
because they have much larger genomes and replication
forks move slower.
replication bubble ( correct answers ) expansion around the origin of
replication
replication fork ( correct answers ) is at each end of
the replication bubble; replication is complete when the meet.
DNA pol III ( correct answers ) required for DNA synthesis
EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025
purines ( correct have a double ring structure with a six-
answers ) fused to a five- membered ring
membered ring.
Pyrimidines ( correct answers ) have a single six-membered ring structure.
5'-3' phosphodiester bonds ( correct answers ) DNA nucleotides that are part
of a polynucleotide chain have one phosphate residue attached to the
hydroxyl group of the 5' carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide and the
hydroxyl group of the 3' carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide.
dNMPs ( correct answers ) nucleotides that are part of a polynucleotide
chain and called collectively deoxynucleoside monophosphates where N can
refer to any of the four nucleotide bases.
dNTPs ( correct answers ) free reactive DNA nucleotides called
deoxynucleotide triphosphates that are not part of a polynucleotide chain
carry a string of three phosphate groups at the 5' carbon
DNA polymerase ( correct answers ) catalyzes the formation of a
phosphodiester bond between the 3' hydroxyl group of one nucleotide and
the 5' phosphate group of an adjacent nucleotide.
sugar-phosphate backbone ( correct answers ) alternating sugar and
phosphate groups throughout a polynucleotide chain
antiparallel orientation ( correct answers ) 3' end of one strand faces the 5'
end of the other strand so that the partial charges of complementary
nucleotides come into alignment to form hydrogen bonds.
hydrogen bond ( correct answers ) A type of weak chemical bond formed
when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one
molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond
in another molecule.
3.4 angstroms ( correct answers ) Each base pair nucleotide is separated
from the other base pair by a distance of
1 angstrom ( correct answers ) is equal to .1 nano meter (nm)
, Major groove ( correct answers ) N7 and C6 groups of purines and the C4
and C5 groups of pyrimidines face into the
Minor groove ( correct answers ) H-bond donors and acceptors are in the
B-form DNA ( correct answers ) is the most common and stable in
which molecular configuration spirals to the right
A-form DNA ( correct answers ) compact with about 11 base pairs per
complete helical twist and a higher degree of tilt of the base pairs relative to
the backbone. Found in dehydrated samples.
Z-form DNA ( correct answers ) a rarer Left-handed helical structure
found in DNA bound to certain proteins.
Chargaff's Rules ( correct answers ) DNA from any cell of all organisms
should have a 1:1 ratio (base pair rule) of pyrimidine and purine bases
specifically that the amount of G is equal to C and the amount of A is
equal to T.
semi-conservative ( correct answers ) each of the two parental DNA
strands acts as a template for new DNA to be synthesized; after replication,
each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or "old" strand and one
"new" strand.
bidirectional ( correct answers ) DNA replication is
meaning progressing in both directions.
origins of replication ( correct answers ) particular positions in
chromosomes where specialized initiator proteins bind to DNA to start
the process of replication.
Bacterial chromosomes ( correct answers ) contain only one single
origin of replication
eukaryotic chromosomes ( correct answers ) contain multiple origins of
replication
eukaryotes ( correct answers ) Multiple origins are necessary in
because they have much larger genomes and replication
forks move slower.
replication bubble ( correct answers ) expansion around the origin of
replication
replication fork ( correct answers ) is at each end of
the replication bubble; replication is complete when the meet.
DNA pol III ( correct answers ) required for DNA synthesis
