ECPI 2020: NUR 164:
CHAPTER 34: REST &
SLEEP
90 Terms in this set
,ECPI NUR 164
ECPI NUR 164: Chapter 34: Rest & Sleep 90 Terms in
this set Latest Update.
Circadian Rhythm: rhythm that completes a full cycle every 24 hours; synonym for diurnal rhythm
involuntary urination; most often used to refer to a child who involuntarily urinates
Enuresis: during the night involuntary urination; most often used to refer to a child who
involuntarily urinates during the night
Hypersomnia: condition characterized by excessive sleeping, especially daytime sleeping
Insominia: difficulty in falling asleep, intermittent sleep, or early awakening from sleep
a natural chemical produced at night that decreases wakefulness and promotes
Melatonin:
sleep
Narcolepsy: condition characterized by an uncontrolled desire to sleep
Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM): non-rapid eye movement that characterizes four stages of sleep
In adults, five or more predominantly obstructive respiratory events (the absence
of breathing [apnea] or diminished breathing efforts [hypopnea] or respiratory
effort-related arousals) during sleep, accompanied by sleepiness, fatigue,
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): insomnia, snoring, subjective nocturnal respiratory disturbance, or observed
apnea and associated health disorders (hypertension, coronary artery disease,
atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, stroke, diabetes, cognitive dysfunction,
or mood disorder)
patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep (e.g., sleep walking, sleep
Parasomnias:
talking, nocturnal erections)
stage that constitutes 20% to 25% of a person's nightly sleep; person is difficult to
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM):
arouse during this stage
condition in which the body is in a decreased state of activity, with the consequent
Rest:
feeling of being refreshed
a condition in which patients are unable to lie still and report experiencing
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS):
unpleasant creeping, crawling, or tingling sensations in the legs
state of altered consciousness throughout which varying degrees of stimuli
Sleep:
preclude wakefulness
passage through the four stages of NREM sleep (I, II, III, IV), then reversal (IV, III,
Sleep Cycle: II), and finally, instead of reentering stage I and awakening, entering REM sleep
and returning to stage II
a decrease in the amount, consistency, and quality of sleep; results from
Sleep Deprivation:
decreased REM or NREM sleep
nonpharmacologic recommendations like reviewing and changing lifestyles and
Sleep Hygiene:
environment that help an individual get a better night's sleep
Somnambulism: sleepwalking
®™
, ECPI NUR 164
- Rest refers to a condition in which the body is in a
decreased state of activity, with the consequent feeling of being refreshed.
- Sleep is a state of rest accompanied by altered
consciousness and relative inactivity.
Functions of Rest and Sleep:
- Sleep is part of what is called the sleep-wake cycle.
Wakefulness is a time of mental activity and energy
expenditure.
- Sleep is a period of inactivity and restoration of mental and physical function.
Reticular activating system (RAS):
– Facilitates reflex and voluntary movements
– Controls cortical activities related to state of
alertness
Physiology of Sleep:
Bulbar synchronizing region: Two systems in the brainstem, the reticular
activating system (RAS) and the bulbar synchronizing region, are believed to work
together to control the cyclic nature of sleep
Hypothalamus: control center for sleeping and waking
- Comprises about 75% of total sleep time, consists of four stages. Stages I and II,
consuming about 5% and 50% of a person's sleep time
- Are light-sleep states.
- During these stages, the person can be aroused with relative ease.
Stages Of Sleep: Non-rapid eye - Stages III and IV, each representing about 10% of total sleep time, are deep-
movement (NREM): sleep states, termed delta sleep or slow-wave sleep.
- The arousal threshold (intensity of stimulus required to awaken) is usually
greatest in stage 4 NREM. Throughout the stages of NREM sleep, the
parasympathetic nervous system dominates, and decreases in pulse, respiratory
rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate, and body temperature are observed.
- The person is in a transitional stage between wakefulness and sleep.
- The person is in a relaxed state but still somewhat aware of the surroundings.
- Involuntary muscle jerking may occur and waken the person.
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage I:
- The stage normally lasts only minutes.
- The person can be aroused easily.
- This stage constitutes only about 5% of total sleep.
- The person falls into a stage of sleep.
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage II: - The person can be aroused with relative ease.
- This stage constitutes 50% to 55% of sleep.
- The depth of sleep increases, and arousal becomes increasingly difficult.
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage III:
- This stage composes about 10% of sleep.
- The person reaches the greatest depth of sleep, which is called delta sleep.
- Arousal from sleep is difficult.
Physiologic changes in the body include the following:
- Slow brain waves are recorded on an EEG
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage IV: - Pulse and respiratory rates decrease
- Blood pressure decreases
- Muscles are relaxes
- Metabolism slows and the body temperature is low.
- This constitutes about 10% of sleep
®™
CHAPTER 34: REST &
SLEEP
90 Terms in this set
,ECPI NUR 164
ECPI NUR 164: Chapter 34: Rest & Sleep 90 Terms in
this set Latest Update.
Circadian Rhythm: rhythm that completes a full cycle every 24 hours; synonym for diurnal rhythm
involuntary urination; most often used to refer to a child who involuntarily urinates
Enuresis: during the night involuntary urination; most often used to refer to a child who
involuntarily urinates during the night
Hypersomnia: condition characterized by excessive sleeping, especially daytime sleeping
Insominia: difficulty in falling asleep, intermittent sleep, or early awakening from sleep
a natural chemical produced at night that decreases wakefulness and promotes
Melatonin:
sleep
Narcolepsy: condition characterized by an uncontrolled desire to sleep
Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM): non-rapid eye movement that characterizes four stages of sleep
In adults, five or more predominantly obstructive respiratory events (the absence
of breathing [apnea] or diminished breathing efforts [hypopnea] or respiratory
effort-related arousals) during sleep, accompanied by sleepiness, fatigue,
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): insomnia, snoring, subjective nocturnal respiratory disturbance, or observed
apnea and associated health disorders (hypertension, coronary artery disease,
atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, stroke, diabetes, cognitive dysfunction,
or mood disorder)
patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep (e.g., sleep walking, sleep
Parasomnias:
talking, nocturnal erections)
stage that constitutes 20% to 25% of a person's nightly sleep; person is difficult to
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM):
arouse during this stage
condition in which the body is in a decreased state of activity, with the consequent
Rest:
feeling of being refreshed
a condition in which patients are unable to lie still and report experiencing
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS):
unpleasant creeping, crawling, or tingling sensations in the legs
state of altered consciousness throughout which varying degrees of stimuli
Sleep:
preclude wakefulness
passage through the four stages of NREM sleep (I, II, III, IV), then reversal (IV, III,
Sleep Cycle: II), and finally, instead of reentering stage I and awakening, entering REM sleep
and returning to stage II
a decrease in the amount, consistency, and quality of sleep; results from
Sleep Deprivation:
decreased REM or NREM sleep
nonpharmacologic recommendations like reviewing and changing lifestyles and
Sleep Hygiene:
environment that help an individual get a better night's sleep
Somnambulism: sleepwalking
®™
, ECPI NUR 164
- Rest refers to a condition in which the body is in a
decreased state of activity, with the consequent feeling of being refreshed.
- Sleep is a state of rest accompanied by altered
consciousness and relative inactivity.
Functions of Rest and Sleep:
- Sleep is part of what is called the sleep-wake cycle.
Wakefulness is a time of mental activity and energy
expenditure.
- Sleep is a period of inactivity and restoration of mental and physical function.
Reticular activating system (RAS):
– Facilitates reflex and voluntary movements
– Controls cortical activities related to state of
alertness
Physiology of Sleep:
Bulbar synchronizing region: Two systems in the brainstem, the reticular
activating system (RAS) and the bulbar synchronizing region, are believed to work
together to control the cyclic nature of sleep
Hypothalamus: control center for sleeping and waking
- Comprises about 75% of total sleep time, consists of four stages. Stages I and II,
consuming about 5% and 50% of a person's sleep time
- Are light-sleep states.
- During these stages, the person can be aroused with relative ease.
Stages Of Sleep: Non-rapid eye - Stages III and IV, each representing about 10% of total sleep time, are deep-
movement (NREM): sleep states, termed delta sleep or slow-wave sleep.
- The arousal threshold (intensity of stimulus required to awaken) is usually
greatest in stage 4 NREM. Throughout the stages of NREM sleep, the
parasympathetic nervous system dominates, and decreases in pulse, respiratory
rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate, and body temperature are observed.
- The person is in a transitional stage between wakefulness and sleep.
- The person is in a relaxed state but still somewhat aware of the surroundings.
- Involuntary muscle jerking may occur and waken the person.
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage I:
- The stage normally lasts only minutes.
- The person can be aroused easily.
- This stage constitutes only about 5% of total sleep.
- The person falls into a stage of sleep.
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage II: - The person can be aroused with relative ease.
- This stage constitutes 50% to 55% of sleep.
- The depth of sleep increases, and arousal becomes increasingly difficult.
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage III:
- This stage composes about 10% of sleep.
- The person reaches the greatest depth of sleep, which is called delta sleep.
- Arousal from sleep is difficult.
Physiologic changes in the body include the following:
- Slow brain waves are recorded on an EEG
Stages Of NRM Sleep: Stage IV: - Pulse and respiratory rates decrease
- Blood pressure decreases
- Muscles are relaxes
- Metabolism slows and the body temperature is low.
- This constitutes about 10% of sleep
®™
