SOC 269 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
cultural encapsulation - ANSWER-is the lack of understanding of another's cultural background and the
influence this background has on one's current view.
paternalism - ANSWER-people of authority restricting the freedom of those subordinate to them
Noel Hypothesis - ANSWER-states that if two or more groups come together in a contact situation
characterized by ethnocentrism, competition, and a differential in power, then some form of radical or
ethnic stratification will result.
Blauner Hypothesis - ANSWER-states that minority groups created by colonization, because it is forced
on them, experience a greater degree of racism and discrimination than those created by voluntary
immigration.
Why were African American selected to be slaves? Why not Native Americans? - ANSWER-1Native
American died from Euro diseases
2African had many different dialects
3African were willing to trade for european good
characteristics of slavery in Brazil - ANSWER-Portuguese had more tolerant attitudes towards people of
color, intermixed more native and slave populations, didn't see slaves as lacking souls, slaves recognized
as humans with certain legal rights
Dred Scott Decision - ANSWER-Dred Scott challenged the supreme court for citizenship, but was denied
his freedom, even though he had be living in a free state where slavery was prohibited. It was decided
that African Americans were not citizens, and never could be.
Emancipation Proclamation - ANSWER-was a presidential proclamation by Abe Lincoln, that was
intended to change federal legal status of slaves from "slave" to "free". Although it was not a law passed
by congress, and did not outlaw slavery, nor did it allow the ex-slaves citizenship.
13th Amendment - ANSWER-Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime
whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place
subject to their jurisdiction.
Civil Rights Act of 1866 - ANSWER-The act declared that all persons born in the United States were now
citizens, without regard to race, color, or previous condition.
14th Amendment - ANSWER-granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States,"
which included former slaves recently freed.
voting restrictions - ANSWER-1Pass a literacy test
2Be a property holder
3Pay poll tax
4Grandfather clause: If your ancestors had been eligible to vote in 1860, you would be exempt from the
above. This was a way to allow poor whites to vote while still preventing poor blacks from voting.
De jure segregation - ANSWER-The system of rigid competitive race relations that was characterized by
laws mandating racial separation and inequality.
De facto segregation - ANSWER-Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens "by fact"
rather than by legal requirement.
Alien land Law - ANSWER-prohibit primarily Chinese and Japanese immigrants from becoming
landowners without explicitly naming any racial group.
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 - ANSWER-United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur
on May 6, 1882. It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history,
prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers.
push factor for Chinese immigration - ANSWER-Colonization
, Pull factor for Chinese immigration - ANSWER-Gold Rush Rail Road
Why is Oriental a bad word - ANSWER-1 It is associated with times of colonialism
2 Generalizes a large group of people
3 Have very negative connotation
Manifest destiny (1840s) - ANSWER-the right to expand from the Atlantic ocean to the pacific ocean
(spreading of liberty, culture, and economic opportunities).
Acculturation - ANSWER-The process by which one group learns the culture of another group
Indian Citizenship Act - ANSWER-1WWI- thousands of Native Americans served
2The act was passed as a token of gratitude
3Led to fears that the dominant group will forgo treaty obligations and detribalize the Native americans
Dawes Allotment Act - ANSWER-1 Divided land into tracts (160 acres) which then were allotted to
members of the tribes. Any extra land left over after each tribal member received their allotment could
be sold to the US
2 Act prohibited land from being sold for 25 years
3 The Dawes act was the centerpiece of the general effort to bring Native Americans into the
mainstream of American society
4 The main effect was that Native Americans land (90 million of the 138 million acres were lost)
5 Another effect was that it increased the power of the BIA
Anglo Conformity - ANSWER-A+B+C=A
BIA
Dawes Allotment Act
Boarding Schools
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia - ANSWER-1 1802- Georgia ceded western portion of its land to the U.S.
2 Federal government would nullify land claims of
3 Cherokee Indians (60 million acres)
4 Georgia annexed Cherokee's land- force upon Cherokees the law of Georgia
5 Cherokees protest- foreign nations have the constitutional rights to bring court action against a state.
6 Are Native Americans- sovereign nations? The court ruled no, you are a Domestic Dependent Nations
(limits on sovereignty)
Northwest Territory Ordinance - ANSWER-The utmost good faith shall always be observed the Indians;
their lands and property shall never be taken from them without their consent; and their property,
rights, and liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in just and lawful wars authorized by
Congress.
Proclamation of 1763 - ANSWER-1 All lend west of the Appalachian mountains was "Indian Country"
2 Any settlers west of the Appalachian who had not acquired a legal title to their land from the Indians
must return to the colonies.
3 All future purchases from the Indians must be conducted in a public meetings attended by
representatives of the king.
Native American cultural characteristics - ANSWER-1 Humans are simply a part of a larger reality
2 Land simply existed, the notion of owning, selling, or buying it was foreign to Native Americans
3 More group oriented
4 Tribes were organized around egalitarian values.
Ethnic Resource Model - ANSWER-Cultural strengths (e.g. extended families, strong kinship bonds, high
values on family stability) have protected the Black family though devastating effects of slavery and
recent pattern of black male unemployment
Malcolm X - ANSWER-1 Member of the Nation of Islam, a black nationalist Muslim group
ANSWERS
cultural encapsulation - ANSWER-is the lack of understanding of another's cultural background and the
influence this background has on one's current view.
paternalism - ANSWER-people of authority restricting the freedom of those subordinate to them
Noel Hypothesis - ANSWER-states that if two or more groups come together in a contact situation
characterized by ethnocentrism, competition, and a differential in power, then some form of radical or
ethnic stratification will result.
Blauner Hypothesis - ANSWER-states that minority groups created by colonization, because it is forced
on them, experience a greater degree of racism and discrimination than those created by voluntary
immigration.
Why were African American selected to be slaves? Why not Native Americans? - ANSWER-1Native
American died from Euro diseases
2African had many different dialects
3African were willing to trade for european good
characteristics of slavery in Brazil - ANSWER-Portuguese had more tolerant attitudes towards people of
color, intermixed more native and slave populations, didn't see slaves as lacking souls, slaves recognized
as humans with certain legal rights
Dred Scott Decision - ANSWER-Dred Scott challenged the supreme court for citizenship, but was denied
his freedom, even though he had be living in a free state where slavery was prohibited. It was decided
that African Americans were not citizens, and never could be.
Emancipation Proclamation - ANSWER-was a presidential proclamation by Abe Lincoln, that was
intended to change federal legal status of slaves from "slave" to "free". Although it was not a law passed
by congress, and did not outlaw slavery, nor did it allow the ex-slaves citizenship.
13th Amendment - ANSWER-Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime
whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place
subject to their jurisdiction.
Civil Rights Act of 1866 - ANSWER-The act declared that all persons born in the United States were now
citizens, without regard to race, color, or previous condition.
14th Amendment - ANSWER-granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States,"
which included former slaves recently freed.
voting restrictions - ANSWER-1Pass a literacy test
2Be a property holder
3Pay poll tax
4Grandfather clause: If your ancestors had been eligible to vote in 1860, you would be exempt from the
above. This was a way to allow poor whites to vote while still preventing poor blacks from voting.
De jure segregation - ANSWER-The system of rigid competitive race relations that was characterized by
laws mandating racial separation and inequality.
De facto segregation - ANSWER-Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens "by fact"
rather than by legal requirement.
Alien land Law - ANSWER-prohibit primarily Chinese and Japanese immigrants from becoming
landowners without explicitly naming any racial group.
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 - ANSWER-United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur
on May 6, 1882. It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history,
prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers.
push factor for Chinese immigration - ANSWER-Colonization
, Pull factor for Chinese immigration - ANSWER-Gold Rush Rail Road
Why is Oriental a bad word - ANSWER-1 It is associated with times of colonialism
2 Generalizes a large group of people
3 Have very negative connotation
Manifest destiny (1840s) - ANSWER-the right to expand from the Atlantic ocean to the pacific ocean
(spreading of liberty, culture, and economic opportunities).
Acculturation - ANSWER-The process by which one group learns the culture of another group
Indian Citizenship Act - ANSWER-1WWI- thousands of Native Americans served
2The act was passed as a token of gratitude
3Led to fears that the dominant group will forgo treaty obligations and detribalize the Native americans
Dawes Allotment Act - ANSWER-1 Divided land into tracts (160 acres) which then were allotted to
members of the tribes. Any extra land left over after each tribal member received their allotment could
be sold to the US
2 Act prohibited land from being sold for 25 years
3 The Dawes act was the centerpiece of the general effort to bring Native Americans into the
mainstream of American society
4 The main effect was that Native Americans land (90 million of the 138 million acres were lost)
5 Another effect was that it increased the power of the BIA
Anglo Conformity - ANSWER-A+B+C=A
BIA
Dawes Allotment Act
Boarding Schools
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia - ANSWER-1 1802- Georgia ceded western portion of its land to the U.S.
2 Federal government would nullify land claims of
3 Cherokee Indians (60 million acres)
4 Georgia annexed Cherokee's land- force upon Cherokees the law of Georgia
5 Cherokees protest- foreign nations have the constitutional rights to bring court action against a state.
6 Are Native Americans- sovereign nations? The court ruled no, you are a Domestic Dependent Nations
(limits on sovereignty)
Northwest Territory Ordinance - ANSWER-The utmost good faith shall always be observed the Indians;
their lands and property shall never be taken from them without their consent; and their property,
rights, and liberty, they shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in just and lawful wars authorized by
Congress.
Proclamation of 1763 - ANSWER-1 All lend west of the Appalachian mountains was "Indian Country"
2 Any settlers west of the Appalachian who had not acquired a legal title to their land from the Indians
must return to the colonies.
3 All future purchases from the Indians must be conducted in a public meetings attended by
representatives of the king.
Native American cultural characteristics - ANSWER-1 Humans are simply a part of a larger reality
2 Land simply existed, the notion of owning, selling, or buying it was foreign to Native Americans
3 More group oriented
4 Tribes were organized around egalitarian values.
Ethnic Resource Model - ANSWER-Cultural strengths (e.g. extended families, strong kinship bonds, high
values on family stability) have protected the Black family though devastating effects of slavery and
recent pattern of black male unemployment
Malcolm X - ANSWER-1 Member of the Nation of Islam, a black nationalist Muslim group
