Psych 111 - Exam 1 QuEstions with answErs
100% VErifiEd and GradEd a+
What does psychology reflect the influences of? ✔✔ • Biological processes
• Individual differences (gender, pain)
• Time and culture (we continue to learn more)
What is psychology? ✔✔ The scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior
What are the four goals of psychology? ✔✔ • Describe how people and animals behave
• Understand and explain the causes of behavior
• Predict behaviors/reactions across situations
• Control behavior through understanding its causes and consequences
Bullying: empathy training early
What are stimulants ✔✔ - speed up activity in the CNS
- Amphetamines, MDMA, Nicotine, Cocaine
What are opiates/narcotics ✔✔ - mimic endorphins, increase pleasure and decrease pain
- Opium, heroin, morphine, methadone, codeine
What are depressants/sedatives ✔✔ - slow down CNS activity, induce sleep, decrease activity
- Alcohol, Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Inhalants
What are hallucinogens/Psychedelics ✔✔ - alter perception, distort sensory experiences
- LSD, mescaline, PCP, Ketamine
,What is marijuana ✔✔ - THC active ingredient; some hallucinogenic properties
what are short term effects of marijuana ✔✔ Problems with learning and memory Distorted
perception
Loss of coordination
Increased Heart Rate
Feelings of euphoria and intensity of sensory perception
Affects appetite and pain perception
What are risks of marijuana for heavy users ✔✔ - Alters information processing in the
Hippocampus
- Respiratory Problems
- Lower Achievement
- Research is exploring how heavy and recreational use in adolescence interferes/alters brain
development
- Addictive Potential: can develop psychological dependence
What is crack and cocaine ✔✔ Powerfully addictive central nervous system stimulant
What are the physical effects of crack and cocaine ✔✔ - Constricted blood vessels
- Dilated pupils
- Increased heart rate, temperature and blood pressure
What happens with faster absorption of drugs ✔✔ - more intense the high
- Tolerance develops
,- High Doses/Prolonged Use can trigger paranoia
- Depression associated with stoppage
What is LSD ✔✔ - a major hallucinogen
- acid
What are the effects of LSD ✔✔ - Unpredictable and dependent on many variables
Amount taken
Users personality, mood and expectation
Surroundings
NOT ADDICTIVE
What are physical effects of LSD ✔✔ Stimulant Qualities:
Dilated pupils
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Loss of appetite
Sleeplessness
Dry mouth
Sensory and emotional changes
Flashbacks
What is MDMA or Ecstasy ✔✔ psychoactive drug with both stimulant and hallucinogenic
properties
- MDMA research explores whether it is neurotoxic
- Some Brain Imaging studies have shown injury to the brain, affecting neurons that use
serotonin
, What are Risks/Reactions to MDMA ✔✔ - Sharp increase in body temperature
- Can cause muscle breakdown and kidney and cardiovascular system failure
- Muscle tension, teeth/jaw clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, chills or
sweating
- Increased feeling of empathy and intensity
- Risk for people with circulatory or heart disease
What is Ritalin ✔✔ CNS stimulant medication often prescribed for ADHD; now sold as a street
drug illegally
What are the effects of ritalin ✔✔ - Has effects more potent than caffeine but less than
amphetamines
- Appetite suppression
Wakefulness
Increased focus/attentiveness
Mild euphoria
What is alcohol ✔✔ CNS Depressant:
- Produces a mild euphoria, relaxation, anxiety reduction, reduced inhibitions
- Can impair coordination, mental functioning, emotional fluctuations
- Moderate risk of physical and psychological dependence
Long term risks of alcohol ✔✔ Liver disease
Brain damage
Heart disease
100% VErifiEd and GradEd a+
What does psychology reflect the influences of? ✔✔ • Biological processes
• Individual differences (gender, pain)
• Time and culture (we continue to learn more)
What is psychology? ✔✔ The scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior
What are the four goals of psychology? ✔✔ • Describe how people and animals behave
• Understand and explain the causes of behavior
• Predict behaviors/reactions across situations
• Control behavior through understanding its causes and consequences
Bullying: empathy training early
What are stimulants ✔✔ - speed up activity in the CNS
- Amphetamines, MDMA, Nicotine, Cocaine
What are opiates/narcotics ✔✔ - mimic endorphins, increase pleasure and decrease pain
- Opium, heroin, morphine, methadone, codeine
What are depressants/sedatives ✔✔ - slow down CNS activity, induce sleep, decrease activity
- Alcohol, Benzodiazepines, Barbiturates, Inhalants
What are hallucinogens/Psychedelics ✔✔ - alter perception, distort sensory experiences
- LSD, mescaline, PCP, Ketamine
,What is marijuana ✔✔ - THC active ingredient; some hallucinogenic properties
what are short term effects of marijuana ✔✔ Problems with learning and memory Distorted
perception
Loss of coordination
Increased Heart Rate
Feelings of euphoria and intensity of sensory perception
Affects appetite and pain perception
What are risks of marijuana for heavy users ✔✔ - Alters information processing in the
Hippocampus
- Respiratory Problems
- Lower Achievement
- Research is exploring how heavy and recreational use in adolescence interferes/alters brain
development
- Addictive Potential: can develop psychological dependence
What is crack and cocaine ✔✔ Powerfully addictive central nervous system stimulant
What are the physical effects of crack and cocaine ✔✔ - Constricted blood vessels
- Dilated pupils
- Increased heart rate, temperature and blood pressure
What happens with faster absorption of drugs ✔✔ - more intense the high
- Tolerance develops
,- High Doses/Prolonged Use can trigger paranoia
- Depression associated with stoppage
What is LSD ✔✔ - a major hallucinogen
- acid
What are the effects of LSD ✔✔ - Unpredictable and dependent on many variables
Amount taken
Users personality, mood and expectation
Surroundings
NOT ADDICTIVE
What are physical effects of LSD ✔✔ Stimulant Qualities:
Dilated pupils
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Loss of appetite
Sleeplessness
Dry mouth
Sensory and emotional changes
Flashbacks
What is MDMA or Ecstasy ✔✔ psychoactive drug with both stimulant and hallucinogenic
properties
- MDMA research explores whether it is neurotoxic
- Some Brain Imaging studies have shown injury to the brain, affecting neurons that use
serotonin
, What are Risks/Reactions to MDMA ✔✔ - Sharp increase in body temperature
- Can cause muscle breakdown and kidney and cardiovascular system failure
- Muscle tension, teeth/jaw clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, chills or
sweating
- Increased feeling of empathy and intensity
- Risk for people with circulatory or heart disease
What is Ritalin ✔✔ CNS stimulant medication often prescribed for ADHD; now sold as a street
drug illegally
What are the effects of ritalin ✔✔ - Has effects more potent than caffeine but less than
amphetamines
- Appetite suppression
Wakefulness
Increased focus/attentiveness
Mild euphoria
What is alcohol ✔✔ CNS Depressant:
- Produces a mild euphoria, relaxation, anxiety reduction, reduced inhibitions
- Can impair coordination, mental functioning, emotional fluctuations
- Moderate risk of physical and psychological dependence
Long term risks of alcohol ✔✔ Liver disease
Brain damage
Heart disease
