Davis Advantage for
Wilkinson’s Fundamentals of Nursing Theory Concepts and Applications
5th Edition 1
Treas Barnett Smith
,Contents
Chapter 1: Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action .......................................................................4
Chapter 2: Clinical ʝudgment ..................................................................................................... 10
Chapter 3: The Steps of the Nursing Process .............................................................................. 15
Chapter 4: Evidence-Based Practice: Theory and Research ......................................................... 21
Chapter 5: Ethics & Values for Nursing Practice ......................................................................... 27
Chapter 6: Life Span: Infancy Through Middle Adulthood ........................................................... 33
Chapter 7: Life Span: Older Adults ............................................................................................. 39
Chapter 8: Promoting Wellness: Health & Illness ....................................................................... 45
Chapter 9: Stress & Adaptation ................................................................................................. 51
Chapter 10: Psychosocial Health & Illness .................................................................................. 57
Chapter 11: Promoting Family Health ........................................................................................ 63
Chapter 12: Caring in Multicultural Healthcare Environments .................................................... 69
Chapter 13: Spirituality ............................................................................................................. 75
Chapter 14: Experiencing Loss ................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 15: Communicating & Therapeutic Relationships ................................................................. 85
Chapter 16: Patient Education .......................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 17: Interprofessional Partnerships: Documenting & Reporting .............................................. 97
Chapter 18: Measuring Vital Signs .................................................................................................. 102
Chapter 19: Health Assessment ...................................................................................................... 109
Chapter 20: Promoting Asepsis & Preventing Infection .................................................................... 116
Chapter 21: Promoting Safety ........................................................................................................ 123
Chapter 22: Facilitating Hygiene ..................................................................................................... 129
Chapter 23: Administering Medications .......................................................................................... 133
Chapter 24: Nutrition ..................................................................................................................... 137
Chapter 25: Urinary Eliminatio ....................................................................................................... 142
Chapter 26: Bowel Elimination ....................................................................................................... 146
Chapter 27: Sensation, Perception & Response ............................................................................... 151
Chapter 28: Pain ............................................................................................................................ 155
Chapter 29: Physical Activity & Mobility ......................................................................................... 160
Chapter 30: Sexual Health .............................................................................................................. 164
Chapter 31: Sleep & Rest ................................................................................................................ 171
Chapter 32: Skin Integrity & Wound Healing ................................................................................... 179
2
,Chapter 33: Oxygenation ................................................................................................................ 186
Chapter 35: Hydration & Homeostasis ............................................................................................ 201
Chapter 36: Care of the Surgical Patient .......................................................................................... 208
Chapter 37: Community & Home Health Nursing ............................................................................ 216
Chapter 38: Nursing Informatics ..................................................................................................... 222
Chapter 39: Legal Accountability .................................................................................................... 229
Chapter 40: Leading & Managing .................................................................................................... 235
3
,Chapter 1: Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
1. Which of the following is the most significant factor that contributed to the
evolution of modern nursing practice?
A) The introduction of new medical technologies
B) The establishment of nursing education programs
C) The formation of the International Red Cross
D) The development of nursing theories
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: The establishment of formal nursing education programs was key in
professionalizing nursing and improving the quality of care provided.
2. Who is considered the founder of modern nursing and is best known for her work
during the Crimean War?
A) Clara Barton
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Mary Eliza Mahoney
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is regarded as the founder of modern nursing, largely
due to her work during the Crimean War and her efforts to establish nursing as a
profession.
3. Which concept did Florence Nightingale emphasize in her work that significantly
influenced the development of nursing practice?
A) The importance of patient education
B) The role of hygiene and sanitation in health
C) The administration of medications
D) The necessity of holistic care
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale focused on hygiene, sanitation, and environmental
factors in patient care, which led to significant improvements in hospital care and patient
outcomes.
4. What was the primary goal of the establishment of the first nursing schools in the
United States?
A) To provide a theoretical understanding of nursing
B) To create a formal system of nursing education
C) To establish a standardized system for licensing nurses
D) To train nurses specifically for military service
4
, Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: The primary goal was to provide formal, structured education to nurses,
allowing them to learn clinical skills and theoretical knowledge.
5. Which of the following is a key historical development that helped shape the
professional identity of nursing in the late 19th century?
A) The founding of the American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) The development of the first nursing theories
C) The integration of nursing into the military
D) The establishment of the first nursing degree programs
Correct Answer ✅: A
Rationale: The founding of the ANA helped establish a national professional
organization for nurses, which further contributed to the development of the nursing
profession.
6. Which of the following nurses was instrumental in advancing the role of women in
healthcare during the American Civil War?
A) Clara Barton
B) Louisa May Alcott
C) Helen Fairchild
D) Margaret Sanger
Correct Answer ✅: A
Rationale: Clara Barton was a key figure in nursing during the Civil War, founding the
American Red Cross and helping to establish nursing as a vital role in healthcare.
7. Which factor had the most significant impact on the evolution of nursing in the 20th
century?
A) The increasing demand for healthcare services
B) The emergence of nursing theories
C) The development of the nurse practitioner role
D) The implementation of professional standards in nursing practice
Correct Answer ✅: D
Rationale: The development and implementation of professional standards for practice
were crucial in defining nursing roles and improving care quality throughout the 20th
century.
8. Which of the following historical events prompted the establishment of the first
graduate nursing program in the United States?
A) The Civil War
B) World War I
C) The influenza pandemic of 1918
D) World War II
5
, Correct Answer ✅: D
Rationale: World War II led to a significant need for advanced nursing education,
prompting the establishment of graduate programs to meet the increasing demand for
highly skilled nurses.
9. Which of the following individuals is credited with establishing the first formal
nursing school in England?
A) Dorothea Dix
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Lillian Wald
D) Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale established the Nightingale Training School for Nurses
in London in 1860, which was the first formal nursing school in England.
10. What key concept did the early nursing leaders in the United States emphasize to
help establish the profession?
A) The administration of anesthesia
B) The integration of clinical and theoretical training
C) The role of nursing in public health
D) The importance of nursing ethics
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Early nursing leaders emphasized the need for nurses to receive both clinical and
theoretical training to ensure a well-rounded education and professional competence.
11. In the early history of nursing, what was the primary role of nurses in hospitals?
A) To manage the administrative duties of the hospital
B) To provide bedside care under the direction of physicians
C) To supervise nursing students
D) To conduct research in nursing practice
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Early nurses primarily provided direct bedside care under the guidance of physicians,
which laid the foundation for modern nursing practice.
12. How did the emergence of nursing theories in the 20th century influence the
profession of nursing?
A) They shifted the focus of nursing to be more medically oriented
B) They helped to establish nursing as a profession distinct from medicine
C) They emphasized the importance of community health initiatives
D) They focused on the mental health aspect of nursing care
6
Wilkinson’s Fundamentals of Nursing Theory Concepts and Applications
5th Edition 1
Treas Barnett Smith
,Contents
Chapter 1: Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action .......................................................................4
Chapter 2: Clinical ʝudgment ..................................................................................................... 10
Chapter 3: The Steps of the Nursing Process .............................................................................. 15
Chapter 4: Evidence-Based Practice: Theory and Research ......................................................... 21
Chapter 5: Ethics & Values for Nursing Practice ......................................................................... 27
Chapter 6: Life Span: Infancy Through Middle Adulthood ........................................................... 33
Chapter 7: Life Span: Older Adults ............................................................................................. 39
Chapter 8: Promoting Wellness: Health & Illness ....................................................................... 45
Chapter 9: Stress & Adaptation ................................................................................................. 51
Chapter 10: Psychosocial Health & Illness .................................................................................. 57
Chapter 11: Promoting Family Health ........................................................................................ 63
Chapter 12: Caring in Multicultural Healthcare Environments .................................................... 69
Chapter 13: Spirituality ............................................................................................................. 75
Chapter 14: Experiencing Loss ................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 15: Communicating & Therapeutic Relationships ................................................................. 85
Chapter 16: Patient Education .......................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 17: Interprofessional Partnerships: Documenting & Reporting .............................................. 97
Chapter 18: Measuring Vital Signs .................................................................................................. 102
Chapter 19: Health Assessment ...................................................................................................... 109
Chapter 20: Promoting Asepsis & Preventing Infection .................................................................... 116
Chapter 21: Promoting Safety ........................................................................................................ 123
Chapter 22: Facilitating Hygiene ..................................................................................................... 129
Chapter 23: Administering Medications .......................................................................................... 133
Chapter 24: Nutrition ..................................................................................................................... 137
Chapter 25: Urinary Eliminatio ....................................................................................................... 142
Chapter 26: Bowel Elimination ....................................................................................................... 146
Chapter 27: Sensation, Perception & Response ............................................................................... 151
Chapter 28: Pain ............................................................................................................................ 155
Chapter 29: Physical Activity & Mobility ......................................................................................... 160
Chapter 30: Sexual Health .............................................................................................................. 164
Chapter 31: Sleep & Rest ................................................................................................................ 171
Chapter 32: Skin Integrity & Wound Healing ................................................................................... 179
2
,Chapter 33: Oxygenation ................................................................................................................ 186
Chapter 35: Hydration & Homeostasis ............................................................................................ 201
Chapter 36: Care of the Surgical Patient .......................................................................................... 208
Chapter 37: Community & Home Health Nursing ............................................................................ 216
Chapter 38: Nursing Informatics ..................................................................................................... 222
Chapter 39: Legal Accountability .................................................................................................... 229
Chapter 40: Leading & Managing .................................................................................................... 235
3
,Chapter 1: Evolution of Nursing Thought & Action
1. Which of the following is the most significant factor that contributed to the
evolution of modern nursing practice?
A) The introduction of new medical technologies
B) The establishment of nursing education programs
C) The formation of the International Red Cross
D) The development of nursing theories
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: The establishment of formal nursing education programs was key in
professionalizing nursing and improving the quality of care provided.
2. Who is considered the founder of modern nursing and is best known for her work
during the Crimean War?
A) Clara Barton
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Mary Eliza Mahoney
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is regarded as the founder of modern nursing, largely
due to her work during the Crimean War and her efforts to establish nursing as a
profession.
3. Which concept did Florence Nightingale emphasize in her work that significantly
influenced the development of nursing practice?
A) The importance of patient education
B) The role of hygiene and sanitation in health
C) The administration of medications
D) The necessity of holistic care
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale focused on hygiene, sanitation, and environmental
factors in patient care, which led to significant improvements in hospital care and patient
outcomes.
4. What was the primary goal of the establishment of the first nursing schools in the
United States?
A) To provide a theoretical understanding of nursing
B) To create a formal system of nursing education
C) To establish a standardized system for licensing nurses
D) To train nurses specifically for military service
4
, Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: The primary goal was to provide formal, structured education to nurses,
allowing them to learn clinical skills and theoretical knowledge.
5. Which of the following is a key historical development that helped shape the
professional identity of nursing in the late 19th century?
A) The founding of the American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) The development of the first nursing theories
C) The integration of nursing into the military
D) The establishment of the first nursing degree programs
Correct Answer ✅: A
Rationale: The founding of the ANA helped establish a national professional
organization for nurses, which further contributed to the development of the nursing
profession.
6. Which of the following nurses was instrumental in advancing the role of women in
healthcare during the American Civil War?
A) Clara Barton
B) Louisa May Alcott
C) Helen Fairchild
D) Margaret Sanger
Correct Answer ✅: A
Rationale: Clara Barton was a key figure in nursing during the Civil War, founding the
American Red Cross and helping to establish nursing as a vital role in healthcare.
7. Which factor had the most significant impact on the evolution of nursing in the 20th
century?
A) The increasing demand for healthcare services
B) The emergence of nursing theories
C) The development of the nurse practitioner role
D) The implementation of professional standards in nursing practice
Correct Answer ✅: D
Rationale: The development and implementation of professional standards for practice
were crucial in defining nursing roles and improving care quality throughout the 20th
century.
8. Which of the following historical events prompted the establishment of the first
graduate nursing program in the United States?
A) The Civil War
B) World War I
C) The influenza pandemic of 1918
D) World War II
5
, Correct Answer ✅: D
Rationale: World War II led to a significant need for advanced nursing education,
prompting the establishment of graduate programs to meet the increasing demand for
highly skilled nurses.
9. Which of the following individuals is credited with establishing the first formal
nursing school in England?
A) Dorothea Dix
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Lillian Wald
D) Virginia Henderson
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Florence Nightingale established the Nightingale Training School for Nurses
in London in 1860, which was the first formal nursing school in England.
10. What key concept did the early nursing leaders in the United States emphasize to
help establish the profession?
A) The administration of anesthesia
B) The integration of clinical and theoretical training
C) The role of nursing in public health
D) The importance of nursing ethics
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Early nursing leaders emphasized the need for nurses to receive both clinical and
theoretical training to ensure a well-rounded education and professional competence.
11. In the early history of nursing, what was the primary role of nurses in hospitals?
A) To manage the administrative duties of the hospital
B) To provide bedside care under the direction of physicians
C) To supervise nursing students
D) To conduct research in nursing practice
Correct Answer ✅: B
Rationale: Early nurses primarily provided direct bedside care under the guidance of physicians,
which laid the foundation for modern nursing practice.
12. How did the emergence of nursing theories in the 20th century influence the
profession of nursing?
A) They shifted the focus of nursing to be more medically oriented
B) They helped to establish nursing as a profession distinct from medicine
C) They emphasized the importance of community health initiatives
D) They focused on the mental health aspect of nursing care
6
