NBME CBSE REAL EXAM 2200+ QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST 2025 COMPLETE EXAM (2
VERSIONS)MEDICAL EXAMINATION
ARDS - ANSWERS-bilateral infiltrate
**PANCREATITIS RISK
1. *EXUDATIVE* (capillary permeability)
2. *Proliferative* (collagen)
3. *Fibrotic* (pulmonary fiborsis + HTN)
ARDS - ANSWERS-bilateral infiltrate
**PANCREATITIS RISK
1. *EXUDATIVE* (capillary permeability)
2. *Proliferative* (collagen)
3. *Fibrotic* (pulmonary fiborsis + HTN)
What are the risks from ARDS - ANSWERS-Sepsis
Pancreatitis
Pneumo
What are the risks from ARDS - ANSWERS-Sepsis
Pancreatitis
Pneumo
cystic fibrosis genetics - ANSWERS-*dF508 frameshift*
CFT protein - post-tln
HypoNa
cystic fibrosis genetics - ANSWERS-*dF508 frameshift*
CFT protein - post-tln
HypoNa
Cystic Fibrosis complications - ANSWERS-Dec *Vit A* --> Pancreatic (squamous
metaplasia)
Def *Vit E* --> Neuromuscular, hemolytic anemia
Def *Vit K *--> Intracranial hemorrhage
Meconium Ileus; No Vas deferns; Digital clubbing
DEATH FROM PNEUMO
Cystic Fibrosis complications - ANSWERS-Dec *Vit A* --> Pancreatic (squamous
metaplasia)
Def *Vit E* --> Neuromuscular, hemolytic anemia
,Def *Vit K *--> Intracranial hemorrhage
Meconium Ileus; No Vas deferns; Digital clubbing
DEATH FROM PNEUMO
Hemorrhagic infarct is what color and why - ANSWERS-RED
Dual blood supply
Hemorrhagic infarct is what color and why - ANSWERS-RED
Dual blood supply
Type II pneumocytes - ANSWERS-surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Type II pneumocytes - ANSWERS-surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - ANSWERS-Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Polio live v killed vaccine - ANSWERS-Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ANSWERS-Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ANSWERS-Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - ANSWERS-Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)
L >> S
,Lung maturity determined with - ANSWERS-Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)
L >> S
Type I pneumocytes - ANSWERS-Squamous gas diffusion
Type I pneumocytes - ANSWERS-Squamous gas diffusion
Elastase in lungs - ANSWERS-macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastase in lungs - ANSWERS-macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ANSWERS-Lysine interchain crosslinks
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ANSWERS-Lysine interchain crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ANSWERS-Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ANSWERS-Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ANSWERS-Exhale of Tidal Volume
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ANSWERS-Exhale of Tidal Volume
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ANSWERS-LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ANSWERS-LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is increased by - ANSWERS-emphysema, age
Lung Compliance is increased by - ANSWERS-emphysema, age
Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ANSWERS-DECREASE
ERV & FRC
Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ANSWERS-DECREASE
ERV & FRC
, Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ANSWERS-pulmonary = systemic
Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ANSWERS-pulmonary = systemic
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ANSWERS-Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ANSWERS-Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
More ventilation is at the - ANSWERS-BASE
More ventilation is at the - ANSWERS-BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ANSWERS-basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ANSWERS-basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ANSWERS-low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ANSWERS-low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
CO2 transport to lungs - ANSWERS-*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO2 transport to lungs - ANSWERS-*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO poisoning causes - ANSWERS-carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
CO poisoning causes - ANSWERS-carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
Cyanide poisoning causes - ANSWERS-lactic acidosis
ANSWERS LATEST 2025 COMPLETE EXAM (2
VERSIONS)MEDICAL EXAMINATION
ARDS - ANSWERS-bilateral infiltrate
**PANCREATITIS RISK
1. *EXUDATIVE* (capillary permeability)
2. *Proliferative* (collagen)
3. *Fibrotic* (pulmonary fiborsis + HTN)
ARDS - ANSWERS-bilateral infiltrate
**PANCREATITIS RISK
1. *EXUDATIVE* (capillary permeability)
2. *Proliferative* (collagen)
3. *Fibrotic* (pulmonary fiborsis + HTN)
What are the risks from ARDS - ANSWERS-Sepsis
Pancreatitis
Pneumo
What are the risks from ARDS - ANSWERS-Sepsis
Pancreatitis
Pneumo
cystic fibrosis genetics - ANSWERS-*dF508 frameshift*
CFT protein - post-tln
HypoNa
cystic fibrosis genetics - ANSWERS-*dF508 frameshift*
CFT protein - post-tln
HypoNa
Cystic Fibrosis complications - ANSWERS-Dec *Vit A* --> Pancreatic (squamous
metaplasia)
Def *Vit E* --> Neuromuscular, hemolytic anemia
Def *Vit K *--> Intracranial hemorrhage
Meconium Ileus; No Vas deferns; Digital clubbing
DEATH FROM PNEUMO
Cystic Fibrosis complications - ANSWERS-Dec *Vit A* --> Pancreatic (squamous
metaplasia)
Def *Vit E* --> Neuromuscular, hemolytic anemia
,Def *Vit K *--> Intracranial hemorrhage
Meconium Ileus; No Vas deferns; Digital clubbing
DEATH FROM PNEUMO
Hemorrhagic infarct is what color and why - ANSWERS-RED
Dual blood supply
Hemorrhagic infarct is what color and why - ANSWERS-RED
Dual blood supply
Type II pneumocytes - ANSWERS-surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Type II pneumocytes - ANSWERS-surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Polio live v killed vaccine - ANSWERS-Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Polio live v killed vaccine - ANSWERS-Killed = Salk = IgG
Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ANSWERS-Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ANSWERS-Maternal DM (*high insulin*)
or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth
Lung maturity determined with - ANSWERS-Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)
L >> S
,Lung maturity determined with - ANSWERS-Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)
L >> S
Type I pneumocytes - ANSWERS-Squamous gas diffusion
Type I pneumocytes - ANSWERS-Squamous gas diffusion
Elastase in lungs - ANSWERS-macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastase in lungs - ANSWERS-macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ANSWERS-Lysine interchain crosslinks
Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ANSWERS-Lysine interchain crosslinks
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ANSWERS-Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ANSWERS-Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ANSWERS-Exhale of Tidal Volume
Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ANSWERS-Exhale of Tidal Volume
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ANSWERS-LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is decreased by - ANSWERS-LHF, pulmonary edema,
pulmonary fibrosis
Lung Compliance is increased by - ANSWERS-emphysema, age
Lung Compliance is increased by - ANSWERS-emphysema, age
Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ANSWERS-DECREASE
ERV & FRC
Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ANSWERS-DECREASE
ERV & FRC
, Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ANSWERS-pulmonary = systemic
Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ANSWERS-pulmonary = systemic
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ANSWERS-Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ANSWERS-Bronchial circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries
More ventilation is at the - ANSWERS-BASE
More ventilation is at the - ANSWERS-BASE
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ANSWERS-basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ANSWERS-basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ANSWERS-low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ANSWERS-low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC
CO2 transport to lungs - ANSWERS-*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO2 transport to lungs - ANSWERS-*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)
CO poisoning causes - ANSWERS-carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
CO poisoning causes - ANSWERS-carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2
Cyanide poisoning causes - ANSWERS-lactic acidosis
