AQA A Level English Language: World
Englishes AO2 Exam With 100% Correct
Answers
World Englishes - correct answers ✔✔Varieties of English that are used in different countries
around the world, mainly in areas that were formerly colonised, such as India/Singapore. These
countries have their own version of English.
ELF (English as a lingua franca) - correct answers ✔✔the role of English as a bridging language in
interactions where it is not everyone's first language
Global English - correct answers ✔✔The idea of English as a worldwide language
International English - correct answers ✔✔The ideas of English as a language that is used in
international contexts of all kinds
L1 (first language) - correct answers ✔✔The first language learned by an individual, usually
during childhood. (L1 speaker)
L2 (second language) - correct answers ✔✔The second language learned by an individual (L2
speaker)
EAL (English as an additional language) - correct answers ✔✔The use of English where it is not
the person's first language learned
Pidgin - correct answers ✔✔A trade language, usually not the language of either of the speakers
, Creole - correct answers ✔✔A variety that has developed from a pidgin or trade language to
become stable
EFL - correct answers ✔✔English as a first language
ESL - correct answers ✔✔English as a second language
ESOL - correct answers ✔✔English to speakers of other languages
Jennifer Jenkins (2006) - key characteristics of ELF - correct answers ✔✔-Used by speakers of
different languages to communicate
-Alternative to EFL (English as a foreign language). Learners may wish to blend in with native
speakers - but ELF acts as a functional communication tool, so blending in may seem less
important
-ELF may include local varieties as well as 'correct' English
-Useful strategies include linguistic accommodation and code switching. Depends on specific
communication, not 'all-purpose'
Key features of ELF (AO1) - correct answers ✔✔-dropping third person present tense '-s'
-confusion of 'who' and 'which'
-omission (and 'incorrect' insertion) of definite and indefinite articles
-use of 'isn't it?' or 'no?' in tag questions rather than 'shouldn't they?'
-inserting redundant prepositions
-overusing verbs of high semantic generality (e.g. 'do', 'have', 'make', 'put', 'take')
-overdoing explicitness (e.g. 'black colour' 'how long time')
Models of World English - Strevens 'World Map of English' (1980) - correct answers ✔✔Peter
Streven's world map of English was one of the first attempts to model the spread of English
Englishes AO2 Exam With 100% Correct
Answers
World Englishes - correct answers ✔✔Varieties of English that are used in different countries
around the world, mainly in areas that were formerly colonised, such as India/Singapore. These
countries have their own version of English.
ELF (English as a lingua franca) - correct answers ✔✔the role of English as a bridging language in
interactions where it is not everyone's first language
Global English - correct answers ✔✔The idea of English as a worldwide language
International English - correct answers ✔✔The ideas of English as a language that is used in
international contexts of all kinds
L1 (first language) - correct answers ✔✔The first language learned by an individual, usually
during childhood. (L1 speaker)
L2 (second language) - correct answers ✔✔The second language learned by an individual (L2
speaker)
EAL (English as an additional language) - correct answers ✔✔The use of English where it is not
the person's first language learned
Pidgin - correct answers ✔✔A trade language, usually not the language of either of the speakers
, Creole - correct answers ✔✔A variety that has developed from a pidgin or trade language to
become stable
EFL - correct answers ✔✔English as a first language
ESL - correct answers ✔✔English as a second language
ESOL - correct answers ✔✔English to speakers of other languages
Jennifer Jenkins (2006) - key characteristics of ELF - correct answers ✔✔-Used by speakers of
different languages to communicate
-Alternative to EFL (English as a foreign language). Learners may wish to blend in with native
speakers - but ELF acts as a functional communication tool, so blending in may seem less
important
-ELF may include local varieties as well as 'correct' English
-Useful strategies include linguistic accommodation and code switching. Depends on specific
communication, not 'all-purpose'
Key features of ELF (AO1) - correct answers ✔✔-dropping third person present tense '-s'
-confusion of 'who' and 'which'
-omission (and 'incorrect' insertion) of definite and indefinite articles
-use of 'isn't it?' or 'no?' in tag questions rather than 'shouldn't they?'
-inserting redundant prepositions
-overusing verbs of high semantic generality (e.g. 'do', 'have', 'make', 'put', 'take')
-overdoing explicitness (e.g. 'black colour' 'how long time')
Models of World English - Strevens 'World Map of English' (1980) - correct answers ✔✔Peter
Streven's world map of English was one of the first attempts to model the spread of English
