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A&P 2 Final MGCCC exam with verified answers

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A&P 2 Final MGCCC exam with verified answers

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A&P 2 Final MGCCC exam
with verified answers

List functions of the kidneys (pp. 995-996) - correct answer ✔Excretion of wastes, regulation
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of blood ionic composition, regulation of blood pH, Regulation of blood volume, regulation
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of blood pressure, maintenance of blood osmolarity, production of hormones, regulation of
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hormones, regulation of blood glucose levels |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




List waste products normally excreted by the kidneys (pg. 1011) - correct answer ✔Water,
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proteins, Sodium ions, Chloride ions, Bicarbonate ions, glucose, urea, potassium ions, uric
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acid, creatinine ||||||




Which layer of smooth dense irregular connective tissue covers the kidney and outer layer
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of the ureter? (pg. 995) - correct answer ✔renal fascia
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Which portion of the kidney extends between the renal pyramids? (pg. 998) - correct
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answer ✔renal columns |||||| ||||||




List the order of blood flow through the kidneys (pg. 998) - correct answer ✔Renal artery,
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Segmental arteries, Interlobar arteries, Arcuate arteries, Cortical radiate arteries, Afferent |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




Arteries, Glomerular capillaries, efferent arterioles, peritubular capillaries, peritubular
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venules, cortical radiate veins, arcuate veins, interlobar veins, renal vein
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List the order of filtrate flow through a cortical nephron (pg. 1001) - correct answer
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✔Glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of nephron loop, |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||

, Which nephron structure reabsorbs the most substances? (pg. 1010) - correct answer
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✔proximal convoluted tubule |||||| ||||||




Which nephron structure filters blood plasma? (pg. 999) - correct answer ✔glomerulus
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What is reabsorption? (pg. 1005) - correct answer ✔the process by which the nephron
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removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid and returns them to the circulating blood
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What is tubular secretion? (pg. 1005) - correct answer ✔the transfer of materials from
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peritubular capillaries to the renal tubular lumen; it is the opposite process of reabsorption |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




What is the basement membrane? (pg. 1007) - correct answer ✔thin, dense sheets of
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specialized, self- assembled extracellular matrix that surround most animal tissues |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




What is myogenic mechanism? (pg. 1008) - correct answer ✔how arteries and arterioles
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react to an increase or decrease of blood pressure to keep the blood flow constant within
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the blood vessel |||||| ||||||




What is a transcellular reabsorption route? (pg. 1011) - correct answer ✔passes from fluid
|||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| |||||| ||||||




in tubular lumen THROUGH apical membrane of a tubule cell, across the cytosol, and out
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into interstitial fluid through basolateral membrane.
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What percentage of filtered water do the proximal convoluted tubules reabsorb? (pg. 1012)
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- correct answer ✔65%
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How does angiotensin II affect the kidneys? (pg. 1016) - correct answer ✔acts to increase
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Na-H exchange, increasing sodium reabsorption. Increased levels of Na in the body acts to
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increase the osmolarity of the blood, leading to a shift of fluid into the blood volume and
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extracellular space ||||||




Where does urea recycling occur? (pg. 1020) - correct answer ✔loop of henle.
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