Fluid and Electrolytes Questions With
Complete Solutions
-Electrolytes have low concentrations in the ECF
compared to? With the exception of? Correct
Answers -Compared to their concentration in
electrolyte pools
-With the exception of Na+, which has a high ECF
concentration that reflects osmolality,
Absorption is especially important to consider for
oral intake of which electrolytes? Why? Correct
Answers -Ca2+ and Mg2+ which have specialized
absorption mechanisms in the intestines.
-If fluid and electrolytes are not absorbed, they
remain in the GI tract and leave the body in the
feces.
Age Related Differences for Infants and Children
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances Correct Answers
-Not able to communicate thirst except by crying,
which can affect their fluid intake
-Have a high percentage of body weight as water
and more extracellular fluid than intracellular fluid.
-Have a large body and lung surface area
compared to their body mass, they have a higher
fluid exchange ratio than any other age group.
-Have immature kidneys that have little reserve
capacity, reaching maturation during childhood
, Age Related Differences for Older Adults Fluid and
Electrolyte Imbalances Correct Answers -Thirst
sensation is blunted
-Thus, the osmolality of their body fluids can rise
higher before older adults become thirsty, so they
may have a decreased fluid intake.
-Have decreased lean body mass, which decreases
the percentage of their body weight that is water
compared to that of young and middle-aged adults.
-Have decreased renal reserve due to a decreased
number of nephrons that occurs with normal aging.
Aldosterone facilitate renal excretion of what other
electrolyte? Correct Answers -K+
-Increased concentration of plasma K+ stimulates
aldosterone secretion, which causes the kidneys to
excrete more K+ and helps return plasma K+
concentration to normal.
Antidiuretic Hormone Correct Answers -Regulates
renal excretion of water but not Na+
-Removes water from the renal distal tubules and
collecting ducts and returns it to the blood, which
dilutes the ECV and other body fluids.
Assessment Examination Findings for Fluid and
Electrolyte Imbalances Correct Answers -The
ankle edema, bounding pulse, and distended neck
veins caused by ECV excess in individuals who
have left-sided heart failure will be noted as part of
Complete Solutions
-Electrolytes have low concentrations in the ECF
compared to? With the exception of? Correct
Answers -Compared to their concentration in
electrolyte pools
-With the exception of Na+, which has a high ECF
concentration that reflects osmolality,
Absorption is especially important to consider for
oral intake of which electrolytes? Why? Correct
Answers -Ca2+ and Mg2+ which have specialized
absorption mechanisms in the intestines.
-If fluid and electrolytes are not absorbed, they
remain in the GI tract and leave the body in the
feces.
Age Related Differences for Infants and Children
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances Correct Answers
-Not able to communicate thirst except by crying,
which can affect their fluid intake
-Have a high percentage of body weight as water
and more extracellular fluid than intracellular fluid.
-Have a large body and lung surface area
compared to their body mass, they have a higher
fluid exchange ratio than any other age group.
-Have immature kidneys that have little reserve
capacity, reaching maturation during childhood
, Age Related Differences for Older Adults Fluid and
Electrolyte Imbalances Correct Answers -Thirst
sensation is blunted
-Thus, the osmolality of their body fluids can rise
higher before older adults become thirsty, so they
may have a decreased fluid intake.
-Have decreased lean body mass, which decreases
the percentage of their body weight that is water
compared to that of young and middle-aged adults.
-Have decreased renal reserve due to a decreased
number of nephrons that occurs with normal aging.
Aldosterone facilitate renal excretion of what other
electrolyte? Correct Answers -K+
-Increased concentration of plasma K+ stimulates
aldosterone secretion, which causes the kidneys to
excrete more K+ and helps return plasma K+
concentration to normal.
Antidiuretic Hormone Correct Answers -Regulates
renal excretion of water but not Na+
-Removes water from the renal distal tubules and
collecting ducts and returns it to the blood, which
dilutes the ECV and other body fluids.
Assessment Examination Findings for Fluid and
Electrolyte Imbalances Correct Answers -The
ankle edema, bounding pulse, and distended neck
veins caused by ECV excess in individuals who
have left-sided heart failure will be noted as part of
