NU 650 Quiz 1 Week 3 exam questions
with certified solutions rated a plus
Timing - Ans auscultation
Anchoring bias - Ans A clinician "locks onto" a patient's
description of an aura that precedes her headaches as indicative
of a migraine and fails to recognize red flags of increased
intracranial pressure that should prompt neuroimaging for this
patient
Availability heuristic - Ans A clinician who has recently seen
several patients with acute appendicitis does not consider ovarian
torsion in an adolescent girl presenting with acute right lower
quadrant abdominal pain
Confirmation bias - Ans A clinician makes a presumptive
diagnosis of an upper respiratory infection in a well-appearing
patient presenting with cough, rhinorrhea, and fever, and does
not consider pneumonia even after finding asymmetric chest wall
excursion and dullness to chest percussion on examination
Diagnostic momentum - Ans A clinician does not consider acute
myocardial infarction in a patient who was recently diagnosed
with acid reflux in the setting of similar symptoms
Representation error - Ans Clinician who often sees older patients
places diverticular bleed high on her differential diagnosis when
evaluating rectal bleeding in an adolescent patient
, Framing effect - Ans A patient is presented as having "frequent
emergency room visits for asthma exacerbation in the setting of
medication noncompliance." The clinician fails to explore
structural forces that drive medication adherence and fails to
explore alternative causes of the current exacerbation
Visceral bias - Ans Clinician assumes that a patient who is
homeless will not be able to manage a complicated treatment
plan and prescribes a simpler, less optimal plan, without
discussing the options with the patient
Clinical Reasoning Step 1 - Ans Gathering initial patient
information (health history and physical examination). ·
Information gathered: historical information, findings from your
physical examination, and any preliminary diagnostic and
laboratory testing. information you have obtained from other
cliniciAns and from your review of the patient's prior health
records.
Clinical Reasoning Step 2 - Ans Organizing and interpreting
information to synthesize the problem (problem representation). ·
Organize and interpret these sets of information with the goal of
creating a concise and appropriate problem representation
(documented in the clinical record as the summary statement).
Make it a point to ask your supervising cliniciAns to articulate
("think out loud") this critical step in the clinical reasoning
process. Often, experienced cliniciAns may not be consciously
aware of this cognitive step.
Clinical Reasoning Step 3 - Ans Generating hypotheses
(differential diagnosis) for patient's problem. · From this problem
representation, generate, prioritize, and test a list of possible
diagnosis until you have selected a working diagnosis
with certified solutions rated a plus
Timing - Ans auscultation
Anchoring bias - Ans A clinician "locks onto" a patient's
description of an aura that precedes her headaches as indicative
of a migraine and fails to recognize red flags of increased
intracranial pressure that should prompt neuroimaging for this
patient
Availability heuristic - Ans A clinician who has recently seen
several patients with acute appendicitis does not consider ovarian
torsion in an adolescent girl presenting with acute right lower
quadrant abdominal pain
Confirmation bias - Ans A clinician makes a presumptive
diagnosis of an upper respiratory infection in a well-appearing
patient presenting with cough, rhinorrhea, and fever, and does
not consider pneumonia even after finding asymmetric chest wall
excursion and dullness to chest percussion on examination
Diagnostic momentum - Ans A clinician does not consider acute
myocardial infarction in a patient who was recently diagnosed
with acid reflux in the setting of similar symptoms
Representation error - Ans Clinician who often sees older patients
places diverticular bleed high on her differential diagnosis when
evaluating rectal bleeding in an adolescent patient
, Framing effect - Ans A patient is presented as having "frequent
emergency room visits for asthma exacerbation in the setting of
medication noncompliance." The clinician fails to explore
structural forces that drive medication adherence and fails to
explore alternative causes of the current exacerbation
Visceral bias - Ans Clinician assumes that a patient who is
homeless will not be able to manage a complicated treatment
plan and prescribes a simpler, less optimal plan, without
discussing the options with the patient
Clinical Reasoning Step 1 - Ans Gathering initial patient
information (health history and physical examination). ·
Information gathered: historical information, findings from your
physical examination, and any preliminary diagnostic and
laboratory testing. information you have obtained from other
cliniciAns and from your review of the patient's prior health
records.
Clinical Reasoning Step 2 - Ans Organizing and interpreting
information to synthesize the problem (problem representation). ·
Organize and interpret these sets of information with the goal of
creating a concise and appropriate problem representation
(documented in the clinical record as the summary statement).
Make it a point to ask your supervising cliniciAns to articulate
("think out loud") this critical step in the clinical reasoning
process. Often, experienced cliniciAns may not be consciously
aware of this cognitive step.
Clinical Reasoning Step 3 - Ans Generating hypotheses
(differential diagnosis) for patient's problem. · From this problem
representation, generate, prioritize, and test a list of possible
diagnosis until you have selected a working diagnosis
