NURS 5315 Infection ACTUAL FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATE| COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED ANSWERS
If a hospital antibiogram shows that 80% of Escherichia coli isolates are susceptible to
ceftriaxone and only 50% to ciprofloxacin, what would be the better empirical choice for
treating an E. coli infection?
A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Penicillin
C) Ceftriaxone
D) Vancomycin C) Ceftriaxone
What is a major limitation of an antibiogram?
A) It provides real-time updates on resistance trends
B) It only includes data for viruses
C) It may not accurately reflect individual patient variations
D) It provides information on the genetic mutations of bacteria C) It may not accurately
reflect individual patient variations
What type of data does an antibiogram typically include regarding pathogen susceptibility?
A) Number of infections in a community
B) Percentages of isolates that are susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to each antibiotic
C) A list of healthcare workers involved in infection control
,D) Genetic resistance markers of the pathogens B) Percentages of isolates that are
susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to each antibiotic
How does an antibiogram support antibiotic stewardship?
A) By offering a list of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics
B) By tracking antibiotic usage across different regions
C) By providing data to help select the most appropriate antibiotic and minimize the misuse of
antibiotics
D) By eliminating the need for culture and sensitivity testing C) By providing data to help
select the most appropriate antibiotic and minimize the misuse of antibiotics
What is a key feature of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs)?
A) They are often caused by less virulent strains of bacteria
B) They typically have shorter treatment regimens
C) They often involve multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)
D) They occur primarily outside of healthcare settings C) They often involve multidrug-
resistant organisms (MDROs)
Which of the following is an example of a hospital-acquired infection (HAI)?
A) Community-acquired pneumonia
B) Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
C) Skin and soft tissue infection from a bug bite
,D) Community-acquired influenza B) Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
What is the typical onset time for a hospital-acquired infection (HAI)?
A) Within 24 hours of hospital admission
B) More than 48 hours after admission or within 14 days after discharge
C) Before admission to the hospital
D) Within the first 24 hours after discharge B) More than 48 hours after admission or within
14 days after discharge
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of community-acquired infections (CAIs)?
A) They are typically less virulent than hospital-acquired infections
B) They are often associated with fewer resistance mechanisms
C) They are usually acquired within healthcare settings
D) Treatment often involves narrower-spectrum antibiotics C) They are usually acquired
within healthcare settings
What is a common pathogen associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Haemophilus influenzae B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, What is a common strategy to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
A) Use of chlorhexidine for skin antisepsis
B) Avoiding unnecessary catheterization
C) Daily assessment of readiness to extubate
D) Strict hand hygiene for all patients B) Avoiding unnecessary catheterization
What type of infection is most commonly associated with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)?
A) Respiratory infections
B) Skin and soft tissue infections
C) Gastrointestinal infections, particularly after antibiotic use
D) Urinary tract infections C) Gastrointestinal infections, particularly after antibiotic use
Which of the following is a key strategy in antibiotic stewardship to reduce unnecessary
antibiotic use?
A) Prescribing the most broad-spectrum antibiotics for all infections
B) Monitoring for signs of Clostridioides difficile in patients on prolonged antibiotic therapy
C) Avoiding all use of antibiotics for respiratory infections
D) Always using cultures to diagnose viral infections B) Monitoring for signs of Clostridioides
difficile in patients on prolonged antibiotic therapy
What is the typical prevention strategy for surgical site infections (SSIs)?
A) Prophylactic antibiotic administration
QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED ANSWERS
If a hospital antibiogram shows that 80% of Escherichia coli isolates are susceptible to
ceftriaxone and only 50% to ciprofloxacin, what would be the better empirical choice for
treating an E. coli infection?
A) Ciprofloxacin
B) Penicillin
C) Ceftriaxone
D) Vancomycin C) Ceftriaxone
What is a major limitation of an antibiogram?
A) It provides real-time updates on resistance trends
B) It only includes data for viruses
C) It may not accurately reflect individual patient variations
D) It provides information on the genetic mutations of bacteria C) It may not accurately
reflect individual patient variations
What type of data does an antibiogram typically include regarding pathogen susceptibility?
A) Number of infections in a community
B) Percentages of isolates that are susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to each antibiotic
C) A list of healthcare workers involved in infection control
,D) Genetic resistance markers of the pathogens B) Percentages of isolates that are
susceptible, intermediate, or resistant to each antibiotic
How does an antibiogram support antibiotic stewardship?
A) By offering a list of the most commonly prescribed antibiotics
B) By tracking antibiotic usage across different regions
C) By providing data to help select the most appropriate antibiotic and minimize the misuse of
antibiotics
D) By eliminating the need for culture and sensitivity testing C) By providing data to help
select the most appropriate antibiotic and minimize the misuse of antibiotics
What is a key feature of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs)?
A) They are often caused by less virulent strains of bacteria
B) They typically have shorter treatment regimens
C) They often involve multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)
D) They occur primarily outside of healthcare settings C) They often involve multidrug-
resistant organisms (MDROs)
Which of the following is an example of a hospital-acquired infection (HAI)?
A) Community-acquired pneumonia
B) Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
C) Skin and soft tissue infection from a bug bite
,D) Community-acquired influenza B) Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
What is the typical onset time for a hospital-acquired infection (HAI)?
A) Within 24 hours of hospital admission
B) More than 48 hours after admission or within 14 days after discharge
C) Before admission to the hospital
D) Within the first 24 hours after discharge B) More than 48 hours after admission or within
14 days after discharge
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of community-acquired infections (CAIs)?
A) They are typically less virulent than hospital-acquired infections
B) They are often associated with fewer resistance mechanisms
C) They are usually acquired within healthcare settings
D) Treatment often involves narrower-spectrum antibiotics C) They are usually acquired
within healthcare settings
What is a common pathogen associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?
A) Staphylococcus aureus
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Haemophilus influenzae B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, What is a common strategy to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)?
A) Use of chlorhexidine for skin antisepsis
B) Avoiding unnecessary catheterization
C) Daily assessment of readiness to extubate
D) Strict hand hygiene for all patients B) Avoiding unnecessary catheterization
What type of infection is most commonly associated with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)?
A) Respiratory infections
B) Skin and soft tissue infections
C) Gastrointestinal infections, particularly after antibiotic use
D) Urinary tract infections C) Gastrointestinal infections, particularly after antibiotic use
Which of the following is a key strategy in antibiotic stewardship to reduce unnecessary
antibiotic use?
A) Prescribing the most broad-spectrum antibiotics for all infections
B) Monitoring for signs of Clostridioides difficile in patients on prolonged antibiotic therapy
C) Avoiding all use of antibiotics for respiratory infections
D) Always using cultures to diagnose viral infections B) Monitoring for signs of Clostridioides
difficile in patients on prolonged antibiotic therapy
What is the typical prevention strategy for surgical site infections (SSIs)?
A) Prophylactic antibiotic administration
