NSG 318 INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (MODULE I) LATEST 2025
ALREADY GRADED A+
A patient has been receiving intravenous heparin. When laboratory tests are drawn, the
nurse has difficulty stopping bleeding at the puncture site. The patient has bloody stools and
is reporting abdominal pain. The nurse notes elevated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and
activated PPT (aPTT). Which action will the nurse perform?
A. Ask for an order for oral warfarin (Coumadin)
B. Obtain an order for protamine sulfate
C. Request an order for vitamin K
D. Suggest that the patient receive subcutaneous heparin
B. Obtain an order for protamine sulfate
A patient is receiving a glucocorticoid medication to treat an inflammatory condition, and
the provider has ordered a slow taper to discontinue this medication. The nurse explains to
the patient that this is done to prevent which condition?
A. Acromegaly
B. Adrenocortical insufficiency
C. Hypertensive crisis
D. Thyroid storm
B. Adrenocortical insufficiency
The nurse is caring for a patient who will begin taking atenolol (Tenormin) as add-on therapy
for the treatment of hypertension. What information will the nurse include when teaching
the patient about taking this medication?
A. The drug must be taken twice daily
B. The patient should rise slowly from a chair or bed
C. The medication is safe to take during pregnancy
D. Use NSAIDs instead of acetaminophen for mild to moderate pain
B. The patient should rise slowly from a chair or bed
1|Page
,The nurse reviews the history for a patient taking atorvastatin. What will the nurse act
on immediately?
A. The patient takes medications with grape juice
B. The patient takes herbal therapy including kava
C. The patient was started on penicillin for a respiratory infection
D. The patient is on oral contraceptives
D. The patient is on oral contraceptives
The nurse provides teaching for a patient who will begin taking montelukast. The patient has
a known sensitivity to aspirin. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further
teaching?
A. "I will need to have periodic laboratory tests while taking this medication"
B. "I will use this as needed for acute symptoms"
C. "I will not take ibuprofen for pain or fever while taking this drug"
D. "I will take one tablet daily at bedtime"
D. "I will take one tablet daily at bedtime"
The nurse is preparing to administer bethanechol (Urecholine) to a patient who is
experiencing urinary retention. The nurse notes that the patient has a blood pressure of
90/60 mm Hg. The nurse will perform which action?
A. Administer the drug and monitor urine output
B. Administer the medication and monitor vital signs frequently
C. Give the medication and notify the provider of the increased heart rate
D. Hold the medication and notify the provider of the decreased blood pressure
D. Hold the medication and notify the provider of the decreased blood pressure
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking azithromycin , a macrolide for a skin infection.
The patient has a heart rate of 60 beats/min, and a blood pressure of 100/89 mm Hg. What
is the nurse’s best action?
A. Call the health care provider immediately
2|Page
,B. Assess for chest pain
C. Compare assessment data with prior vital sign readings
D. Discontinue the medication
C. Compare assessment data with prior vital sign readings
The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient. The nurse will anticipate administering which
medication to this patient to help prevent thrombus formation caused by slow venous blood
flow?
A. Alteplase
B. Aspirin
C. Clopidogrel
D. Low-molecular-weight heparin
D. Low-molecular-weight heparin
Respect for persons is a core ethical principle of human subjects research. Which of the
following best describes this principle?
A. Duty to protect research subjects from harm
B. Fair selection of research subjects
C. Right to self-administer
D. Patients are independent and capable of making decisions in their own best interest
D. Patients are independent and capable of making decisions in their own best interest
The nurse is reviewing medication information with a nursing student prior to administering
an oral drug and notes that the drug has extensive first-pass effects. Which statement by the
student indicates an understanding of the first-pass effect?
A. "The first-pass effect means the drug has 100% bioavailability"
B. "The first-pass effect means the drug is absorbed from the GI tract into the portal vein
where it is transported to the liver and metabolized"
C. "The first-pass effect means the drug was given by injection and immediately
metabolized"
D. "The first-pass effect means the drug may be unchanged as it passed through the liver"
3|Page
, B. "The first-pass effect means the drug is absorbed from the GI tract into the portal vein
where it is transported to the liver and metabolized"
Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient about the proper use of
metered-dose inhalers?
A. "After you inhale the medication once, repeat until you obtain relief"
B. "Make sure that you puff out air repeatedly after you inhale the medication"
C. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication"
D. "Hold the inhaler in your mouth, take a deep breath, and then compress the inhaler"
C. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication"
A patient is receiving a daily dose of NPH insulin at 7:30 a.m. The nurse expects the peak
effect of this drug to occur at what time?
A. 8:15 a.m.
B. 10:30 a.m.
C. 5:00 p.m.
D. 11:00 p.m.
C. 5:00 p.m.
A patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is aware that which
statement is true about this patient?
A. The patient is most likely a teenager
B. Heredity and obesity are major causative factors
C. Vital infections contribute most to disease development
D. The patient is most likely a child younger than 10 years
B. Heredity and obesity are major causative factors
A patient is prescribed glipizide. The nurse knows that which side effects and adverse effects
may be expected? (Select all that apply.)
A. Tachycardia
B. Hunger
C. Orthostatic hypotension
4|Page
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS (MODULE I) LATEST 2025
ALREADY GRADED A+
A patient has been receiving intravenous heparin. When laboratory tests are drawn, the
nurse has difficulty stopping bleeding at the puncture site. The patient has bloody stools and
is reporting abdominal pain. The nurse notes elevated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and
activated PPT (aPTT). Which action will the nurse perform?
A. Ask for an order for oral warfarin (Coumadin)
B. Obtain an order for protamine sulfate
C. Request an order for vitamin K
D. Suggest that the patient receive subcutaneous heparin
B. Obtain an order for protamine sulfate
A patient is receiving a glucocorticoid medication to treat an inflammatory condition, and
the provider has ordered a slow taper to discontinue this medication. The nurse explains to
the patient that this is done to prevent which condition?
A. Acromegaly
B. Adrenocortical insufficiency
C. Hypertensive crisis
D. Thyroid storm
B. Adrenocortical insufficiency
The nurse is caring for a patient who will begin taking atenolol (Tenormin) as add-on therapy
for the treatment of hypertension. What information will the nurse include when teaching
the patient about taking this medication?
A. The drug must be taken twice daily
B. The patient should rise slowly from a chair or bed
C. The medication is safe to take during pregnancy
D. Use NSAIDs instead of acetaminophen for mild to moderate pain
B. The patient should rise slowly from a chair or bed
1|Page
,The nurse reviews the history for a patient taking atorvastatin. What will the nurse act
on immediately?
A. The patient takes medications with grape juice
B. The patient takes herbal therapy including kava
C. The patient was started on penicillin for a respiratory infection
D. The patient is on oral contraceptives
D. The patient is on oral contraceptives
The nurse provides teaching for a patient who will begin taking montelukast. The patient has
a known sensitivity to aspirin. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further
teaching?
A. "I will need to have periodic laboratory tests while taking this medication"
B. "I will use this as needed for acute symptoms"
C. "I will not take ibuprofen for pain or fever while taking this drug"
D. "I will take one tablet daily at bedtime"
D. "I will take one tablet daily at bedtime"
The nurse is preparing to administer bethanechol (Urecholine) to a patient who is
experiencing urinary retention. The nurse notes that the patient has a blood pressure of
90/60 mm Hg. The nurse will perform which action?
A. Administer the drug and monitor urine output
B. Administer the medication and monitor vital signs frequently
C. Give the medication and notify the provider of the increased heart rate
D. Hold the medication and notify the provider of the decreased blood pressure
D. Hold the medication and notify the provider of the decreased blood pressure
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking azithromycin , a macrolide for a skin infection.
The patient has a heart rate of 60 beats/min, and a blood pressure of 100/89 mm Hg. What
is the nurse’s best action?
A. Call the health care provider immediately
2|Page
,B. Assess for chest pain
C. Compare assessment data with prior vital sign readings
D. Discontinue the medication
C. Compare assessment data with prior vital sign readings
The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient. The nurse will anticipate administering which
medication to this patient to help prevent thrombus formation caused by slow venous blood
flow?
A. Alteplase
B. Aspirin
C. Clopidogrel
D. Low-molecular-weight heparin
D. Low-molecular-weight heparin
Respect for persons is a core ethical principle of human subjects research. Which of the
following best describes this principle?
A. Duty to protect research subjects from harm
B. Fair selection of research subjects
C. Right to self-administer
D. Patients are independent and capable of making decisions in their own best interest
D. Patients are independent and capable of making decisions in their own best interest
The nurse is reviewing medication information with a nursing student prior to administering
an oral drug and notes that the drug has extensive first-pass effects. Which statement by the
student indicates an understanding of the first-pass effect?
A. "The first-pass effect means the drug has 100% bioavailability"
B. "The first-pass effect means the drug is absorbed from the GI tract into the portal vein
where it is transported to the liver and metabolized"
C. "The first-pass effect means the drug was given by injection and immediately
metabolized"
D. "The first-pass effect means the drug may be unchanged as it passed through the liver"
3|Page
, B. "The first-pass effect means the drug is absorbed from the GI tract into the portal vein
where it is transported to the liver and metabolized"
Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient about the proper use of
metered-dose inhalers?
A. "After you inhale the medication once, repeat until you obtain relief"
B. "Make sure that you puff out air repeatedly after you inhale the medication"
C. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication"
D. "Hold the inhaler in your mouth, take a deep breath, and then compress the inhaler"
C. "Hold your breath for 10 seconds if you can after you inhale the medication"
A patient is receiving a daily dose of NPH insulin at 7:30 a.m. The nurse expects the peak
effect of this drug to occur at what time?
A. 8:15 a.m.
B. 10:30 a.m.
C. 5:00 p.m.
D. 11:00 p.m.
C. 5:00 p.m.
A patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is aware that which
statement is true about this patient?
A. The patient is most likely a teenager
B. Heredity and obesity are major causative factors
C. Vital infections contribute most to disease development
D. The patient is most likely a child younger than 10 years
B. Heredity and obesity are major causative factors
A patient is prescribed glipizide. The nurse knows that which side effects and adverse effects
may be expected? (Select all that apply.)
A. Tachycardia
B. Hunger
C. Orthostatic hypotension
4|Page
