Nutrition and Physical Activity - Exam
Three KNH 188 Miami University
/. Nutrition - Answerthe science of food and how the body uses it in health and disease
/.National Cancer Institute definition of nutrition - Answer"The taking in and use of food
and other nourishing material by the body. Nutrition is a three part process.
1) First, food or drink is consumed
2) Second, the body breaks down the food or drink into nutrients.
3) Third, the nutrients travel through the bloodstream to different parts of the body
where they are used as "fuel" and for many other purposes"
/.Diet-Related Chronic Diseases - Answeroverweight and obesity, cardiovascular
disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis
/.Nutrients - Answerchemical compounds in found that are used by the body to function
properly and maintain health
/.Essential nutrients - Answersubstances the body must get from foods because it
cannot manufacture them at all or fast enough to meet its needs
/.6 essential nutrients - Answercarbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water
/.What categories are essential nutrients broken down into? - Answermacronutrients
and micronutrients
/.Macronutrient - Answeran essential nutrient required by the body in relatively large
amounts (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) - provide energy
/.Micronutrient - Answeran essential nutrient required by the body in minute amounts
(vitamins and minerals)
/.Protein provides _____ calories/gram. - Answer4
/.Carbohydrate provides ____ calories/gram. - Answer4
/.Fat provides ____ calories/gram. - Answer9
/.Carbohydrates - Answermain source of energy for your body; sugar, starches, and
fiber
/.Your digestive system breaks down carbohydrates into ___________ which is used for
energy for your cells, tissues, and organs. - Answerglucose
, /.Excess sugar is stored in your _________ and ___________ for when it is needed. -
Answerliver; muscles
/.Two types of carbohydrates - Answersimple and complex
/.Simple carbohydrates - Answerinclude natural and added sugars
/.Complex carbohydrates - Answerinclude
- beans and legumes, such as black beans, chickpeas, lentils, and kidney beans
- fruits, such as apples, berries, and melons (fruits contain a mixture of simple and
complex carbs)
- vegetables, such as corn, lima beans, peas, and potatoes
- whole-grain products, such as brown rice, oatmeal, and whole-wheat bread and pasta
/.Whole grain - Answerthe entire edible portion of a grain (such as wheat, rice, or oats),
including the germ, endosperm, and bran
/.Refined grains - Answerprocessed, which removes parts of the grain, often leaving just
the endosperm
/.Bran - Answer"outer shell" protects seed - contains fiber, B vitamins, trace minerals
/.Endosperm - Answerprovides energy - contains carbohydrates, protein
/.Germ - Answerprovides nourishment for the seed - contains antioxidants, vitamin E, B
vitamins
/.Whole grains - Answertake longer to chew and digest, and they enter the bloodstream
more slowly
- feel full sooner and for longer
- slower rise in blood glucose
- linked to reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer and plays an important
role in gastrointestinal health and body weight management
/.Fiber - Answerindigestible part of plants - can be soluble or non-soluble
/.How much fiber should women consume? - Answer25 g/day
/.How much fiber should men consume? - Answer38 g/day
/.Added sugars - Answersugars that are added to foods by manufacturers or individuals
- include: white sugar, brown sugar, high fructose corn syrup, and other sweeteners
/.Foods high in sugars are generally high in ____________ and low in _____________ -
Answercalories, nutrients
Three KNH 188 Miami University
/. Nutrition - Answerthe science of food and how the body uses it in health and disease
/.National Cancer Institute definition of nutrition - Answer"The taking in and use of food
and other nourishing material by the body. Nutrition is a three part process.
1) First, food or drink is consumed
2) Second, the body breaks down the food or drink into nutrients.
3) Third, the nutrients travel through the bloodstream to different parts of the body
where they are used as "fuel" and for many other purposes"
/.Diet-Related Chronic Diseases - Answeroverweight and obesity, cardiovascular
disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis
/.Nutrients - Answerchemical compounds in found that are used by the body to function
properly and maintain health
/.Essential nutrients - Answersubstances the body must get from foods because it
cannot manufacture them at all or fast enough to meet its needs
/.6 essential nutrients - Answercarbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water
/.What categories are essential nutrients broken down into? - Answermacronutrients
and micronutrients
/.Macronutrient - Answeran essential nutrient required by the body in relatively large
amounts (carbohydrate, protein, and fat) - provide energy
/.Micronutrient - Answeran essential nutrient required by the body in minute amounts
(vitamins and minerals)
/.Protein provides _____ calories/gram. - Answer4
/.Carbohydrate provides ____ calories/gram. - Answer4
/.Fat provides ____ calories/gram. - Answer9
/.Carbohydrates - Answermain source of energy for your body; sugar, starches, and
fiber
/.Your digestive system breaks down carbohydrates into ___________ which is used for
energy for your cells, tissues, and organs. - Answerglucose
, /.Excess sugar is stored in your _________ and ___________ for when it is needed. -
Answerliver; muscles
/.Two types of carbohydrates - Answersimple and complex
/.Simple carbohydrates - Answerinclude natural and added sugars
/.Complex carbohydrates - Answerinclude
- beans and legumes, such as black beans, chickpeas, lentils, and kidney beans
- fruits, such as apples, berries, and melons (fruits contain a mixture of simple and
complex carbs)
- vegetables, such as corn, lima beans, peas, and potatoes
- whole-grain products, such as brown rice, oatmeal, and whole-wheat bread and pasta
/.Whole grain - Answerthe entire edible portion of a grain (such as wheat, rice, or oats),
including the germ, endosperm, and bran
/.Refined grains - Answerprocessed, which removes parts of the grain, often leaving just
the endosperm
/.Bran - Answer"outer shell" protects seed - contains fiber, B vitamins, trace minerals
/.Endosperm - Answerprovides energy - contains carbohydrates, protein
/.Germ - Answerprovides nourishment for the seed - contains antioxidants, vitamin E, B
vitamins
/.Whole grains - Answertake longer to chew and digest, and they enter the bloodstream
more slowly
- feel full sooner and for longer
- slower rise in blood glucose
- linked to reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer and plays an important
role in gastrointestinal health and body weight management
/.Fiber - Answerindigestible part of plants - can be soluble or non-soluble
/.How much fiber should women consume? - Answer25 g/day
/.How much fiber should men consume? - Answer38 g/day
/.Added sugars - Answersugars that are added to foods by manufacturers or individuals
- include: white sugar, brown sugar, high fructose corn syrup, and other sweeteners
/.Foods high in sugars are generally high in ____________ and low in _____________ -
Answercalories, nutrients
