Nat 5 Biology Unit 1: Cell Biology Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Nat 5 Biology Unit 1: Cell Biology Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What process allows substances to move across the cell membrane from high to low concentration? Diffusion What is the name of the process by which cells engulf large particles? Phagocytosis What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells? To provide structural support and protection How does osmosis differ from diffusion? Osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane, while diffusion refers to the movement of all substances from high to low concentration What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell? 2 To provide structural support and facilitate cell movement What is the main role of the nucleolus within the nucleus? To produce ribosomes What are the two main types of cells in living organisms? Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plant cells? To absorb light energy for photosynthesis How is the structure of a root hair cell adapted to its function? It has a large surface area to increase the absorption of water and minerals from the soil What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell? To synthesize lipids and detoxify harmful substances What is the difference between animal and plant cells in terms of energy production? 3 Plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis, while animal cells do not What process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells? Photosynthesis What is the name of the process by which cells divide to form two genetically identical daughter cells? Mitosis What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell? To control the activities of the cell and store genetic information What structure in the cell controls what enters and exits the cell? The cell membrane