National 5 Biology Reproduction Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

National 5 Biology Reproduction Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What is the main purpose of sexual reproduction in living organisms? To increase genetic variation in offspring What are gametes in humans? Reproductive cells, specifically sperm in males and eggs in females Where does fertilization typically occur in humans? In the fallopian tube What is the term used to describe the fusion of a male and female gamete? Fertilization What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy? To exchange nutrients and waste products between the mother and the developing fetus 2 What type of cell division produces gametes? Meiosis How does meiosis differ from mitosis? Meiosis produces four non-identical gametes, while mitosis produces two identical cells What is the chromosome number in human gametes? 23 chromosomes What is a zygote? A fertilized egg cell formed from the fusion of sperm and egg What is the term for the period during which an embryo develops inside the uterus? Gestation What is the role of testosterone in males? To stimulate the development of male reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics 3 What is the main function of the female ovaries? To produce eggs (ova) and secrete hormones like estrogen and progesterone What happens during ovulation in the menstrual cycle? An egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube How long is the average human menstrual cycle? 28 days What hormone triggers ovulation in females? Luteinizing hormone (LH) What is the function of the placenta in fetal development? To provide oxygen and nutrients