FDS Exam Questions With Verified
Answers
/. Database - Answer-A collection of related data
/.Mini-world - Answer-Some part of the real world about which data is stored in a
database.
/.Data - Answer-Known facts that can be recorded and have an implicit in meaning
/.Database Management System (DBMS) - Answer-A software package/ system to
facilitate the creation and maintenance of a computerized database.
/.database system - Answer-The DBMS software together with the data itself.
Sometimes, the applications are also included.
/.Data Abstraction - Answer-A data model is used to hide storage details and present
the users with a conceptual view of the database.
/.Actors on the Scene - Answer-who actually use and control the content
/.Workers Behind the Scene - Answer-who enable the database to be developed and
the DBMS software to be designed and implemented
/.Database Administrators - Answer-responsible for authorizing access to the database,
for co-ordinating and monitoring its use, acquiring software, and hardware resources,
controlling its use and monitoring efficiency of operations.
/.Database Designers - Answer-responsible to define the content, the structure, the
constraints, and functions or transactions against the database.
/.End - Users - Answer-they use the data for queries, reports and some of them actually
update the database content.
/.Casual - Answer-access database occasionally when needed
/.Naïve or Parametric - Answer-they make up a large section of the end-user population.
They use previously well-defined functions in the form of "canned transactions" against
the database.
/.Sophisticated - Answer-these include business analysts, scientists, engineers, others
thoroughly familiar with the system capabilities.
, /.Stand Alone - Answer-mostly maintain personal databases using ready-to-use
packaged applications.
/.Early Database Application - Answer-The Hierarchical and Network Models were
introduced in mid-1960's and dominated during the seventies. A bulk of the worldwide
database processing still occurs using these models.
/.Relational Model based systems - Answer-The model that was originally introduced in
1970 was heavily researched and experimented with in IBM and the universities.
Relational DBMS Products emerged in the 1980's.
/.Object-oriented applications - Answer-OODBMSs were introduced in late 1980's and
early 1990's to cater to the need of complex data processing in CAD and other
applications. Their use has not taken off much.
/.Data on the web and E-commerce applications - Answer-Web contains data in HTML
(Hypertext markup language) with links among pages. This has given rise to a new set
of applications and E-commerce is using new standards like XML (eXtended Markup
Language).
/.Data Model - Answer-A set of concepts to describe the structure of a database, and
certain constraints that the database should obey.
/.Data Model Operations - Answer-Operations for specifying database retrievals and
updates by referring to the concepts of the data model. Operations on the data model
may include basic operations and user-defined operations.
/.Conceptual (high-level, semantic) - Answer-Provide concepts that are close to the way
many users perceive data. (Also called entity-based or object-based data models.)
/.Physical (low-level, internal) - Answer-Provide concepts that describe details of how
data is stored in the computer.
/.Implementation (representational) - Answer-Provide concepts that fall between the
above two, balancing user views with some computer storage details.
/.Relational Model - Answer-proposed in 1970 by E.F. Codd (IBM), first commercial
system in 1981-82. Now in several commercial products (DB2, ORACLE, SQL Server,
SYBASE, INFORMIX).
/.Network Model - Answer-the first one to be implemented by Honeywell in 1964-65
(IDS System). Adopted heavily due to the support by CODASYL (CODASYL - DBTG
report of 1971). Later implemented in a large variety of systems - IDMS (Cullinet - now
CA), DMS 1100 (Unisys), IMAGE (H.P.), VAX -DBMS (Digital Equipment Corp.).
Answers
/. Database - Answer-A collection of related data
/.Mini-world - Answer-Some part of the real world about which data is stored in a
database.
/.Data - Answer-Known facts that can be recorded and have an implicit in meaning
/.Database Management System (DBMS) - Answer-A software package/ system to
facilitate the creation and maintenance of a computerized database.
/.database system - Answer-The DBMS software together with the data itself.
Sometimes, the applications are also included.
/.Data Abstraction - Answer-A data model is used to hide storage details and present
the users with a conceptual view of the database.
/.Actors on the Scene - Answer-who actually use and control the content
/.Workers Behind the Scene - Answer-who enable the database to be developed and
the DBMS software to be designed and implemented
/.Database Administrators - Answer-responsible for authorizing access to the database,
for co-ordinating and monitoring its use, acquiring software, and hardware resources,
controlling its use and monitoring efficiency of operations.
/.Database Designers - Answer-responsible to define the content, the structure, the
constraints, and functions or transactions against the database.
/.End - Users - Answer-they use the data for queries, reports and some of them actually
update the database content.
/.Casual - Answer-access database occasionally when needed
/.Naïve or Parametric - Answer-they make up a large section of the end-user population.
They use previously well-defined functions in the form of "canned transactions" against
the database.
/.Sophisticated - Answer-these include business analysts, scientists, engineers, others
thoroughly familiar with the system capabilities.
, /.Stand Alone - Answer-mostly maintain personal databases using ready-to-use
packaged applications.
/.Early Database Application - Answer-The Hierarchical and Network Models were
introduced in mid-1960's and dominated during the seventies. A bulk of the worldwide
database processing still occurs using these models.
/.Relational Model based systems - Answer-The model that was originally introduced in
1970 was heavily researched and experimented with in IBM and the universities.
Relational DBMS Products emerged in the 1980's.
/.Object-oriented applications - Answer-OODBMSs were introduced in late 1980's and
early 1990's to cater to the need of complex data processing in CAD and other
applications. Their use has not taken off much.
/.Data on the web and E-commerce applications - Answer-Web contains data in HTML
(Hypertext markup language) with links among pages. This has given rise to a new set
of applications and E-commerce is using new standards like XML (eXtended Markup
Language).
/.Data Model - Answer-A set of concepts to describe the structure of a database, and
certain constraints that the database should obey.
/.Data Model Operations - Answer-Operations for specifying database retrievals and
updates by referring to the concepts of the data model. Operations on the data model
may include basic operations and user-defined operations.
/.Conceptual (high-level, semantic) - Answer-Provide concepts that are close to the way
many users perceive data. (Also called entity-based or object-based data models.)
/.Physical (low-level, internal) - Answer-Provide concepts that describe details of how
data is stored in the computer.
/.Implementation (representational) - Answer-Provide concepts that fall between the
above two, balancing user views with some computer storage details.
/.Relational Model - Answer-proposed in 1970 by E.F. Codd (IBM), first commercial
system in 1981-82. Now in several commercial products (DB2, ORACLE, SQL Server,
SYBASE, INFORMIX).
/.Network Model - Answer-the first one to be implemented by Honeywell in 1964-65
(IDS System). Adopted heavily due to the support by CODASYL (CODASYL - DBTG
report of 1971). Later implemented in a large variety of systems - IDMS (Cullinet - now
CA), DMS 1100 (Unisys), IMAGE (H.P.), VAX -DBMS (Digital Equipment Corp.).
