NSG530 / NSG 530 Exam 2
Advanced Pathophysiology - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
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100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,1. A patient was diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which of the
following blood tests is most clinically useful for determining the stage and
severity of her disease?
- A) Viral load
- B) CD4+ cell counts
- C) Complete blood count
- D) HIV antibody test
Answer: B) CD4+ cell counts
Explanation: CD4+ cell counts are crucial in evaluating the immune
system status in HIV-infected patients. They help determine the severity of
immunosuppression, guiding clinical decisions regarding antiretroviral
therapy initiation and prognosis.
2. When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens
expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?
- A) Autoimmune
- B) Alloimmune
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Immunodeficiency
Answer: B) Alloimmune
Explanation: Alloimmunity refers to immune responses against non-
self antigens from the same species, such as the maternal immune response
to paternal antigens expressed by the fetus during pregnancy.
,3. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins
itching and develops pains, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties.
He is suffering from:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Localized allergic reaction
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Dermatitis
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate allergic reaction
characterized by symptoms such as swelling, respiratory distress, and shock
due to systemic release of mediators like histamine.
4. When a patient presents at the ED for an allergic reaction, the nurse
recognizes the most severe consequences of a type I hypersensitivity
reaction is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Rhinitis
- C) Asthma
- D) Urticaria
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Type I hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis,
which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention
to prevent fatal outcomes.
, 5. A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease
is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
- C) Serum sickness
- D) Asthma
Answer: C) Serum sickness
Explanation: Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated
hypersensitivity reaction that can occur after exposure to certain antigens,
resulting in tissue damage due to the deposition of immune complexes.
6. When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of:
- A) Immunodeficiency
- B) Autoimmunity
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Alloimmunity
Answer: B) Autoimmunity
Explanation: SLE is characterized by the immune system's
inappropriate response against the body's own tissues, leading to multi-
systemic involvement and chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of
autoimmune diseases.
7. A 30-year-old female c/o fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine
color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney
Advanced Pathophysiology - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,1. A patient was diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which of the
following blood tests is most clinically useful for determining the stage and
severity of her disease?
- A) Viral load
- B) CD4+ cell counts
- C) Complete blood count
- D) HIV antibody test
Answer: B) CD4+ cell counts
Explanation: CD4+ cell counts are crucial in evaluating the immune
system status in HIV-infected patients. They help determine the severity of
immunosuppression, guiding clinical decisions regarding antiretroviral
therapy initiation and prognosis.
2. When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens
expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?
- A) Autoimmune
- B) Alloimmune
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Immunodeficiency
Answer: B) Alloimmune
Explanation: Alloimmunity refers to immune responses against non-
self antigens from the same species, such as the maternal immune response
to paternal antigens expressed by the fetus during pregnancy.
,3. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard. He begins
itching and develops pains, swelling, redness, and respiratory difficulties.
He is suffering from:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Localized allergic reaction
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Dermatitis
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate allergic reaction
characterized by symptoms such as swelling, respiratory distress, and shock
due to systemic release of mediators like histamine.
4. When a patient presents at the ED for an allergic reaction, the nurse
recognizes the most severe consequences of a type I hypersensitivity
reaction is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Rhinitis
- C) Asthma
- D) Urticaria
Answer: A) Anaphylaxis
Explanation: Type I hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis,
which is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention
to prevent fatal outcomes.
, 5. A nurse recalls that an example of an immune-complex-mediated disease
is:
- A) Anaphylaxis
- B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
- C) Serum sickness
- D) Asthma
Answer: C) Serum sickness
Explanation: Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated
hypersensitivity reaction that can occur after exposure to certain antigens,
resulting in tissue damage due to the deposition of immune complexes.
6. When a nurse cares for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE), the nurse remembers this disease is an example of:
- A) Immunodeficiency
- B) Autoimmunity
- C) Hypersensitivity
- D) Alloimmunity
Answer: B) Autoimmunity
Explanation: SLE is characterized by the immune system's
inappropriate response against the body's own tissues, leading to multi-
systemic involvement and chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of
autoimmune diseases.
7. A 30-year-old female c/o fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine
color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney
