Summary Myers Psychology Book - Chapter 8 Notes

Myers Ch 8

 Memory
o Lasting effect of learning
o Expressed three ways
 Recall
 Retrieve information learned earlier
 Like fill-in-the-blanks
 Recognition
 Identify items previously learned
 Like multiple choice
 Easier to recognize than recall
 Relearning
 Assesses the amount of time saved when learning again
 Easier to relearn than learn the first time
 Like a final exam
o Types of Memory
 Classifying memory by timeframe
 Sensory memory
o Immediate and brief recording of sensory information
o Sensory memory  short term memory  long-term
memory
 Iconic memory
o Fleeting sensory memory of visual stimuli
o Photograph memory after seeing something briefly
o Sperling’s experiment
 Saw a group of letters and asked to recall
 Could recall about half of letters
 If asked to recall a specific row, everyone
remembered it
 Demonstrated iconic memory
 Short term memory
o Activated memory that holds a few items briefly
o 7 bits of info
o Holds information before it is stored or forgotten
o Encoded through rehearsal
o Working memory
 Where brain makes sense of new input
 Links input with long-term memory
 Conscious, active processing of incoming
information
 Audio and visual inputs
 Capacity reflects IQ