BACT EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ubiquitous - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅bacteria all around us
normal flora - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅bacteria living on us, not causing problems
pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅organisms that cause disease
non-pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅can become pathogens ex) bacteria gets in blood or CSF
compromised host - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅persons immune system is weakened ex) xray, aids,
chemotherapy, elderly
roles of bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅to grow and floursish in environments. can be used for
our benefits ex) wine, cheese
eukaryotes are - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅fungi, algae, protozoa, animals
prokaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Archaea and eubacteria
eukaryotes have these things and prokaryotes do not - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅nuclear membrane,
multiple chromosomes, mitotic apparatus, mitochondria, golgi, lysosome, steroids in cell
prokaryotes have - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅single chromosome; usually circular
size of ribosome for eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅80 S
size of ribosome for prokaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅70 s
, prokaryotes have this and eukaryotes only in plants - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cell wall
what two acids are located in the cell wall (prokaryotes) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅muramic acid and
diaminopimolic acid
how do we tell one bacterial speacies apart from another? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅morphology,
staining properties, motility, spore formation, oxygen requirement, carbon source, biosynthetic
products
morphology is - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅shape or appearance ex) sphere, rod, spiral
morphology of sphere - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅coccus; diplo (pair), strepto (chain), staphylo
(cluster)
spiral morphology (sphere) can cause - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cholera
helical (spirochaetes) causes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅syphilis and lyme disease
morphology of colony - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅surface, border, height, pigment
surface morphology can be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅rough (chalk), smooth, mucoid (wet, oozing)
border morphology can be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅regular (round circle) or irregular
height morphology can be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅flat or raised
types of stain for gram + and gram - - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅crystal violet, grams iodine, alcohol
(95%), safranin
all 4 stains give gram + the color - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅blue
ubiquitous - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅bacteria all around us
normal flora - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅bacteria living on us, not causing problems
pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅organisms that cause disease
non-pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅can become pathogens ex) bacteria gets in blood or CSF
compromised host - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅persons immune system is weakened ex) xray, aids,
chemotherapy, elderly
roles of bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅to grow and floursish in environments. can be used for
our benefits ex) wine, cheese
eukaryotes are - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅fungi, algae, protozoa, animals
prokaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Archaea and eubacteria
eukaryotes have these things and prokaryotes do not - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅nuclear membrane,
multiple chromosomes, mitotic apparatus, mitochondria, golgi, lysosome, steroids in cell
prokaryotes have - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅single chromosome; usually circular
size of ribosome for eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅80 S
size of ribosome for prokaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅70 s
, prokaryotes have this and eukaryotes only in plants - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cell wall
what two acids are located in the cell wall (prokaryotes) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅muramic acid and
diaminopimolic acid
how do we tell one bacterial speacies apart from another? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅morphology,
staining properties, motility, spore formation, oxygen requirement, carbon source, biosynthetic
products
morphology is - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅shape or appearance ex) sphere, rod, spiral
morphology of sphere - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅coccus; diplo (pair), strepto (chain), staphylo
(cluster)
spiral morphology (sphere) can cause - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cholera
helical (spirochaetes) causes - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅syphilis and lyme disease
morphology of colony - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅surface, border, height, pigment
surface morphology can be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅rough (chalk), smooth, mucoid (wet, oozing)
border morphology can be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅regular (round circle) or irregular
height morphology can be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅flat or raised
types of stain for gram + and gram - - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅crystal violet, grams iodine, alcohol
(95%), safranin
all 4 stains give gram + the color - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅blue
