Cardiovascular Physiology Exam
Questions & Answers
Which of the following types of vessels is most important for regulating blood flow in a
tissue?
a. large artery
b. arteriole
c. capillary
d. venules - ANS-b. arteriole
Biochemical agonists (angiotensin II or endothelin-1) or NT (norepinephrine) that bind to
receptors couples to G-protein cause Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction by:
a. decreasing IP3 concentration
b. increasing intracellular calcium concentration
c. increasing intracellular cAMP concentration
d. stimulating formation of cGMP - ANS-b. increasing intracellular calcium concentration
Which of the following is an important intrinsic mechanism for regulating coronary
vascular tone?
a. adenosine
b. endothelial derived nitric oxide
c. smooth muscle myogenic response
d. sympathetic activation - ANS-d. sympathetic activation
If perfusion pressure to coronary circulation is increased from 80 to 100 mmHg, which of
following occurs after a few minutes to keep the same flow?
a. myogenic vasodilation
b. arteriolar vasoconstriction
c. decreased vascular resistance
d. hyperemia - ANS-b. arteriolar vasoconstrction
Sympathetic adrenergic activation of the heart during physical exertion normally leads to
sustained coronary vasoconstriction?
TRUE or FALSE - ANS-FALSE
Oxygen delivery to myocardium by coronary circulation is defined as the amount of
oxygen in blood consumed by tissue per minute
, TRUE or FALSE - ANS-FALSE
Oxygen delivery = coronary blood flow x arterial blood O2 content
Coronary blood flow is lower during ventricular systole than during diastole because:
a. aortic pressure is lower
b. coronary perfusion pressure is lower
c. extravascular compression increases coronary vascular resistance
d. tissue oxygen levels fall during systoly - ANS-c. extravascular compression increases
coronary vascular resistance
Vascular smooth muscle relaxation occurs in response to:
a. activation of myosin light chain kinase
b. dephosphorylation of myosin light chains
c. increased Ca++ release by sarcoplasmic reticulum
d. increased formation of Calcium-calmodulin - ANS-b. dephosphorylation of myosin
light chains
Extraction of oxygen from coronary blood that perfuses the heart is increased when
the?
a. coronary flow is increased
b. coronary venous oxygen content is increased
c. myocardial oxygen consumption is decreased
d. ratio of coronary low to myocardial oxygen consumption is decreased - ANS-d. ratio
of coronary low to myocardial oxygen consumption is decreased
Increase of blood flow that occurs following release of an occluded artery is called:
a. autoregulation
b. active hyperemia
c. reactive hyperemia
d. vascular steal - ANS-c. reactive hyperemia
Which of the following types of vessels has the largest cross sectional area?
a. large artery
b. arteriole
c. capillaries
d. venules - ANS-d. venules
All of the following increase viscosity EXCEPT:
a. increase in fibrinogen concentration
b. increase hematocrit
c. Low temperature
Questions & Answers
Which of the following types of vessels is most important for regulating blood flow in a
tissue?
a. large artery
b. arteriole
c. capillary
d. venules - ANS-b. arteriole
Biochemical agonists (angiotensin II or endothelin-1) or NT (norepinephrine) that bind to
receptors couples to G-protein cause Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction by:
a. decreasing IP3 concentration
b. increasing intracellular calcium concentration
c. increasing intracellular cAMP concentration
d. stimulating formation of cGMP - ANS-b. increasing intracellular calcium concentration
Which of the following is an important intrinsic mechanism for regulating coronary
vascular tone?
a. adenosine
b. endothelial derived nitric oxide
c. smooth muscle myogenic response
d. sympathetic activation - ANS-d. sympathetic activation
If perfusion pressure to coronary circulation is increased from 80 to 100 mmHg, which of
following occurs after a few minutes to keep the same flow?
a. myogenic vasodilation
b. arteriolar vasoconstriction
c. decreased vascular resistance
d. hyperemia - ANS-b. arteriolar vasoconstrction
Sympathetic adrenergic activation of the heart during physical exertion normally leads to
sustained coronary vasoconstriction?
TRUE or FALSE - ANS-FALSE
Oxygen delivery to myocardium by coronary circulation is defined as the amount of
oxygen in blood consumed by tissue per minute
, TRUE or FALSE - ANS-FALSE
Oxygen delivery = coronary blood flow x arterial blood O2 content
Coronary blood flow is lower during ventricular systole than during diastole because:
a. aortic pressure is lower
b. coronary perfusion pressure is lower
c. extravascular compression increases coronary vascular resistance
d. tissue oxygen levels fall during systoly - ANS-c. extravascular compression increases
coronary vascular resistance
Vascular smooth muscle relaxation occurs in response to:
a. activation of myosin light chain kinase
b. dephosphorylation of myosin light chains
c. increased Ca++ release by sarcoplasmic reticulum
d. increased formation of Calcium-calmodulin - ANS-b. dephosphorylation of myosin
light chains
Extraction of oxygen from coronary blood that perfuses the heart is increased when
the?
a. coronary flow is increased
b. coronary venous oxygen content is increased
c. myocardial oxygen consumption is decreased
d. ratio of coronary low to myocardial oxygen consumption is decreased - ANS-d. ratio
of coronary low to myocardial oxygen consumption is decreased
Increase of blood flow that occurs following release of an occluded artery is called:
a. autoregulation
b. active hyperemia
c. reactive hyperemia
d. vascular steal - ANS-c. reactive hyperemia
Which of the following types of vessels has the largest cross sectional area?
a. large artery
b. arteriole
c. capillaries
d. venules - ANS-d. venules
All of the following increase viscosity EXCEPT:
a. increase in fibrinogen concentration
b. increase hematocrit
c. Low temperature
