TNCC 8TH EDITION (A GRADED AND
REVIEWED 2024/2025)QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
What nare nthe ngreatest nrisks nfor ntransport? n- nanswersLoss nof nairway npatency, ndisplaced
nobstructive ntubes nlines nor ncatheters, ndislodge nsplinting ndevices, nneed nto nreplace nor
nreinforce ndressings, ndeterioration nin npatient nstatus nchange nin nvital nsigns nor nlevel nof
nconsciousness, ninjury nto nthe npatient nand/or nteam nmembers
According nto nnewtons nlaw nwhich nof nthese ntwo nforce nis ngreater: nsize nor nforce? n-
nanswersNeither. nFor neach nforce nthere nis nan nequal nand nopposite nreaction.
What nis nthe nrelationship nbetween nmass nand nvelocity nto nkinetic nenergy? n- nanswersKinetic
nenergy nis nequal nto n1/2 nthe nmass nmultiplied nthe nsquare nof nits nvelocity ntherefore nwhen
nmass nis ndoubled nso nis nthe nnet nenergy, nhowever, nwhen nvelocity nis ndoubled nenergy nis
nquadrupled.
What nis ntension? n- nanswersstretching nforce nby npulling nat nopposite nends
What nis ncompression? n- nanswersCrushing nby nsqueezing ntogether
What nis nbending? n- nanswersLoading nabout nan naxis. nBending ncauses ncompression non nthe nside
nthe nperson nis nbending ntoward nintention nto nthe nopposite nside
What nis nshearing? n- nanswersDamage nby ntearing nor nbending nby nexerting nfaucet ndifferent
nparts nin nopposite ndirections nat nthe nsame ntime.
What nis ntorsion? n- nanswersTorsion nforces ntwist nends nin nopposite ndirections.
What nis ncombined nloading? n- nanswersAny ncombination nof ntension ncompression ntorsion
nbending nand/or nshear.
, What nare nthe nfour ntypes nof ntrauma nrelated ninjuries? n- nanswersBlunt, npenetrating, nthermal,
nor nblast.
What nare ncontributing nfactors nto ninjuries nrelated nto nblunt ntraumas? n- nanswersThe npoint nof
nimpact non nthe npatient's nbody, nthe ntype nof nsurface nthat nis nhit, nthe ntissues nability nto nresist
n(bone nversus nsoft ntissue, nair-filled nversus nsolid norgans), nand nthe ntrajectory nof nforce.
What nare nthe nseven npatterns nof npathway ninjuries nrelated nto nmotor nvehicle naccidents? n-
nanswersUp nand nover, ndown nand nunder, nlateral, nrotational, nrear, nroll nover, nand nejection.
Differentiate nbetween nthe nthree nimpacts nof nmotor nvehicle nimpact nsequence. n- nanswersThe
nfirst nimpact noccurs nwhen nthe nvehicle ncollided nwith nanother nobject. nThe nsecond nimpact
noccurs nafter nthe ninitial nimpact nwhen nthe noccupant ncontinues nto nmove nin nthe noriginal
ndirection nof ntravel nuntil nthey ncollide nwith nthe ninterior nof nthe nvehicle nor nmeet nresistance.
nThe nthird nimpact noccurs nwhen ninternal nstructures ncollide nwithin nthe nbody ncavity.
What nare nthe nthree nfactors nthat ncontribute nto nthe ndamage ncaused nby npenetrating ntrauma's?
n- nanswersThe npoint nof nimpact, nthe nvelocity nand nspeed nof nimpact, nand nthe nproximity nto nthe
nobject.
What ncauses nthe nprimary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersThe ndirect nblast neffects. nTypes
nof ninjuries ninclude nlast nlong, ntympanic nmembrane nrupture nand nmiddle near ndamage,
nabdominal nhemorrhage nand nperforation, nglobal nrupture, nmild nTrumatic nbrain ninjury.
What ncauses nthe nsecondary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersProjectiles npropelled nby nthe
nexplosion. nInjuries ninclude npenetrating nor nblunt ninjuries nor nI npenetration.
What ncauses nthe ntertiary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersResults nfrom nindividuals nbeing
nthrown nby nthe nblast nwind. nInjuries ninclude nhole nor npartial nbody ntranslocation nfrom nbeing
nthrown nagainst na nhard nservice: nblunt nor npenetrating ntrauma's, nfractures, ntraumatic
namputations.
What ncauses nquarternary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersAll nexplosion nrelated ninjuries,
nillnesses, nor ndiseases nnot ndue nto nthe nfirst nthree nmechanisms. nInjuries ninclude nexternal nand
ninternal nburns, ncrush ninjuries, nclosed nand nopen nbrain ninjuries, nasthmatic nor nbreathing
nproblems nfrom ndust nsmoke nor ntoxic nfumes, nangina, nor nhyper nglycemia nand nhypertension.
REVIEWED 2024/2025)QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
What nare nthe ngreatest nrisks nfor ntransport? n- nanswersLoss nof nairway npatency, ndisplaced
nobstructive ntubes nlines nor ncatheters, ndislodge nsplinting ndevices, nneed nto nreplace nor
nreinforce ndressings, ndeterioration nin npatient nstatus nchange nin nvital nsigns nor nlevel nof
nconsciousness, ninjury nto nthe npatient nand/or nteam nmembers
According nto nnewtons nlaw nwhich nof nthese ntwo nforce nis ngreater: nsize nor nforce? n-
nanswersNeither. nFor neach nforce nthere nis nan nequal nand nopposite nreaction.
What nis nthe nrelationship nbetween nmass nand nvelocity nto nkinetic nenergy? n- nanswersKinetic
nenergy nis nequal nto n1/2 nthe nmass nmultiplied nthe nsquare nof nits nvelocity ntherefore nwhen
nmass nis ndoubled nso nis nthe nnet nenergy, nhowever, nwhen nvelocity nis ndoubled nenergy nis
nquadrupled.
What nis ntension? n- nanswersstretching nforce nby npulling nat nopposite nends
What nis ncompression? n- nanswersCrushing nby nsqueezing ntogether
What nis nbending? n- nanswersLoading nabout nan naxis. nBending ncauses ncompression non nthe nside
nthe nperson nis nbending ntoward nintention nto nthe nopposite nside
What nis nshearing? n- nanswersDamage nby ntearing nor nbending nby nexerting nfaucet ndifferent
nparts nin nopposite ndirections nat nthe nsame ntime.
What nis ntorsion? n- nanswersTorsion nforces ntwist nends nin nopposite ndirections.
What nis ncombined nloading? n- nanswersAny ncombination nof ntension ncompression ntorsion
nbending nand/or nshear.
, What nare nthe nfour ntypes nof ntrauma nrelated ninjuries? n- nanswersBlunt, npenetrating, nthermal,
nor nblast.
What nare ncontributing nfactors nto ninjuries nrelated nto nblunt ntraumas? n- nanswersThe npoint nof
nimpact non nthe npatient's nbody, nthe ntype nof nsurface nthat nis nhit, nthe ntissues nability nto nresist
n(bone nversus nsoft ntissue, nair-filled nversus nsolid norgans), nand nthe ntrajectory nof nforce.
What nare nthe nseven npatterns nof npathway ninjuries nrelated nto nmotor nvehicle naccidents? n-
nanswersUp nand nover, ndown nand nunder, nlateral, nrotational, nrear, nroll nover, nand nejection.
Differentiate nbetween nthe nthree nimpacts nof nmotor nvehicle nimpact nsequence. n- nanswersThe
nfirst nimpact noccurs nwhen nthe nvehicle ncollided nwith nanother nobject. nThe nsecond nimpact
noccurs nafter nthe ninitial nimpact nwhen nthe noccupant ncontinues nto nmove nin nthe noriginal
ndirection nof ntravel nuntil nthey ncollide nwith nthe ninterior nof nthe nvehicle nor nmeet nresistance.
nThe nthird nimpact noccurs nwhen ninternal nstructures ncollide nwithin nthe nbody ncavity.
What nare nthe nthree nfactors nthat ncontribute nto nthe ndamage ncaused nby npenetrating ntrauma's?
n- nanswersThe npoint nof nimpact, nthe nvelocity nand nspeed nof nimpact, nand nthe nproximity nto nthe
nobject.
What ncauses nthe nprimary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersThe ndirect nblast neffects. nTypes
nof ninjuries ninclude nlast nlong, ntympanic nmembrane nrupture nand nmiddle near ndamage,
nabdominal nhemorrhage nand nperforation, nglobal nrupture, nmild nTrumatic nbrain ninjury.
What ncauses nthe nsecondary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersProjectiles npropelled nby nthe
nexplosion. nInjuries ninclude npenetrating nor nblunt ninjuries nor nI npenetration.
What ncauses nthe ntertiary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersResults nfrom nindividuals nbeing
nthrown nby nthe nblast nwind. nInjuries ninclude nhole nor npartial nbody ntranslocation nfrom nbeing
nthrown nagainst na nhard nservice: nblunt nor npenetrating ntrauma's, nfractures, ntraumatic
namputations.
What ncauses nquarternary neffects nof nblast ntraumas? n- nanswersAll nexplosion nrelated ninjuries,
nillnesses, nor ndiseases nnot ndue nto nthe nfirst nthree nmechanisms. nInjuries ninclude nexternal nand
ninternal nburns, ncrush ninjuries, nclosed nand nopen nbrain ninjuries, nasthmatic nor nbreathing
nproblems nfrom ndust nsmoke nor ntoxic nfumes, nangina, nor nhyper nglycemia nand nhypertension.
