, Test Bank For Understanding Pharmacology, Essentials for
Medication Safety, 3rd Edition,Workman & LaCharity
Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
MULTIPLE CHOICE
BASIC CONCEPTS
1. Which health care professional has the major responsibility for dispensing prescribed
drugs under the direction of a pharmacist?
a. Physician
b Nurse practitioner
.
c. Licensed nurse
d Pharmacy technician
.
ANS: D
The physician and nurse practitioner have the major responsibility for prescribing drugs, not
dispensing them. The licensed nurse has the primary responsibility for administering drugs,
although under some circumstances a licensed nurse may dispense prescribed drugs but this is
not his or her major responsibility in drug therapy. The pharmacy technician has the major
responsibility of dispensing prescribed drugs under the direction of a licensed pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3
2. Which term describes the effect of a drug that improves body function?
a. Side effect
b Intended action
.
c. Adverse reaction
d Idiosyncratic response
.
ANS: B
The purpose of drug therapy is to take a drug to prevent, reduce, or correct a health problem.
This response is any drug’s intended action also known as a therapeutic response.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3
3. Which type of drug name is “owned” by the company that manufactures it?
a. Generic name
b Chemical name
, .
c. Category name
d Trade name
.
ANS: D
The chemical name is a drug’s exact chemical composition. The generic name is the name
assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is not owned by anyone. The
category name refers to the type of drug (what it does or what it is used for) and is not an actual
drug name. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a specific drug’s
manufacturer.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
4. Which drug or drug class is a “high alert” drug?
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS: B
A high alert drug is one in which harm is likely to result if given at the wrong dose, to the wrong
patient, or not given to the correct patient. Drugs classified as high alert drugs include potassium,
narcotics (opioids), insulin, cancer chemotherapy drugs, and heparin (or any drug that strongly
affects blood clotting). Penicillin, NSAIDs, and calcium are not considered high alert drugs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
5. What is the term for a drug that has the same action as a naturally occurring body
hormone or enzyme?
a. Agonist
b Blocking agent
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS: A
A drug agonist is an extrinsic drug that activates the receptor sites of a cell and mimics the
actions of naturally occurring body substances (intrinsic drugs). A blocking agent is a drug
,antagonist. A chemical would not necessarily be a drug at all. A duplicator is not a pharmacologic
term.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: pp. 6-7
6. Which term describes how the body affects drug activity?
a. Drug potency
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeutic effect
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS: D
The term pharmacokinetics refers to drug metabolism and how the body changes a drug.
Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works to change body function. Drug potency refers to
how strongly or to what degree a drug exerts its effects. The therapeutic effect is closer to
pharmacodynamics, meaning how a drug works to change body function.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 10
7. In the United States, which group is responsible for enforcing established standards for
drug manufacturing?
a. U.S. Pharmacopeia
b National Institutes of Health
.
c. Food and Drug Administration
d Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
.
ANS: C
The standards for drug manufacture are established by the U.S. Pharmacopeia. These standards
are enforced by the Food and Drug Administration. Neither the National Institutes of Health nor
the Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers has any authority to enforce drug standards.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 5
8. Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route?
a. Only a prescriber can administer drugs by the transdermal route.
b Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean.
.
c. First pass drug loss by this route is the most extensive.
d Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation.
, .
ANS: D
Once a transdermal drug moves through the skin, it must enter the bloodstream to reach its target
tissue. If circulation is poor to the area where the transdermal drug is applied, very little, if any,
of the drug will reach its target tissue.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 12
9. How are intrinsic drugs different from extrinsic drugs?
a.Intrinsic drugs are made by the body, whereas extrinsic drugs are made outside the body.
b Intrinsic drugs are administered by the parenteral route, whereas extrinsic drugs are
. administered by the oral route.
c.Extrinsic drugs can only be applied to the skin or mucous membranes, whereas intrinsic
drugs are taken internally.
d Extrinsic drugs require a prescription for administration, whereas intrinsic drugs are
. available over-the-counter.
ANS: A
Intrinsic drugs are the hormones, enzymes, and other chemicals made by the body that change
cell activity. Extrinsic drugs are manufactured from chemical, animal, or plant sources and must
have a means of entering the body in order to change cell activity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 3
10. A patient asks why his drug to control high blood pressure has only one generic name and
two different trade names. What is your best response?
a. “Most drugs have different trade names that indicate different dosages.”
b “The two different trade names indicate that one is a more pure and safer drug than the
. other.”
c. “The generic name is the actual official drug name and the trade name is a brand owned by
a specific manufacturer.”
d “If you have insurance, you can get the trade name drug, which is usually more expensive
. than the generic named drug.”
ANS: C
The generic name is the name assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is
not owned by anyone. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
specific drug’s manufacturer. More than one manufacturer can make and sell the same drug at the
same time under a different trade name. Regardless of trade name, all drugs that have the same
generic name must be alike in their chemical composition and strength.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying or Higher REF: pp. 3-4
,11. How are the terms drug and medication different in the health care environment?
a. Medications must be prescribed, whereas drugs are available over-the-counter.
b Medications are used to treat health problems, whereas drugs can be misused.
.
c. Drugs are always illegal, whereas medications are legal.
d There is no difference between these two terms.
.
ANS: D
Although the lay public may think there is a distinction between these two terms, in health care
they mean the same thing. Both are used to treat health problems and both can be misused.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 2
12. The prescriber tells a patient with allergies to use oral diphenhydramine (Benadryl) over-
the-counter (OTC) to help manage her symptoms. She tells you that she would rather have a
prescription for the “real” Benadryl because she knows it is stronger and will work better than
the nonprescription form. What is your best response?
a. “If you receive a prescription for this drug your name will be added to a controlled
substances list.”
b “It is better to use the OTC Benadryl rather than the prescribed form because it has fewer
. side effects.”
c. “The OTC form of Benadryl is the same strength as the one that was available by
prescription only.”
d “You are correct. I will ask the health care provider to write a prescription so that you can
. get the most effective drug.”
ANS: C
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is no longer available by prescription only. The OTC form has the
same strength, action, and side effects that the prescription only drug had.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying or Higher REF: p. 4
13. Why is it important to always ask a patient about his or her use of any herbal supplements
or botanicals?
a. Many states do not have regulations about herbal supplements or botanicals.
b These substances are illegal and their use by patients must be reported.
.
c. Patients who use botanicals seldom take their prescribed drugs.
d These substances can interact with a prescribed drug.
.
,ANS: m D
Many mherbal msupplements mand mbotanicals mhave meffects mon mcell mactivity. mSometimes mthese
magents mcan mmake mdrug mside meffects mworse mor mcan mreduce mthe meffectiveness mof ma mprescribed
mdrug. mOthers mcan mactually mcause mhealth mproblems.
DIF: Cognitive mLevel: mUnderstanding m(Comprehension) REF: p. m5
14. How mare mthe meffects mof mnaturally moccurring mtestosterone mchanged mwhen ma mpatient mis
mtaking ma mdrug mthat mis ma mtestosterone magonist?
a. Effects mare mincreased.
b Effects mare mdecreased.
.
c. Effects mare
meliminated.
d Effects mare
. munchanged.
ANS: m A
An magonist mdrug mhas mthe msame meffects mof mthe mnaturally moccurring mdrug. mSo, mtaking ma
mtestosterone magonist madds mto mthe meffects mof mthe mpatient’s mnaturally moccurring mtestosterone.
DIF: Cognitive mLevel: mUnderstanding REF: pp. m6-7
15. Which mfeature mof ma mdrug magonist mincreases mits mpotency?
a. It mis mwater msoluble.
b It mbinds mtighter mand mlonger mto mits mreceptors mthan mdo mother mdrugs.
.
c. It mis mexcreted mthrough mthe mintestinal mtract mrather mthan mthrough mthe
mkidneys.
d It mis madministered mintramuscularly mrather mthan mby mthe mintravenous
. mroute.
ANS: m B
A mdrug magonist mbinds mto mits mreceptors mto mcause ma mchange min mthe mcells mand mtissues. mThe mlonger
ma mdrug mremains mbound mto mits mreceptors mand mthe mmore mtightly mit mbinds mincreases mits mduration
mof mresponse, mmaking mit mmore mpotent mthan ma mdrug mthat mbinds mwith mits mreceptors mfor ma
mshorter mtime.
DIF: Cognitive mLevel: mUnderstanding REF: p. m7
16. Which mstatement mabout magonist mand mantagonist mdrugs mis mtrue?
a.The mtarget mtissues mfor mthese mtypes mof mdrugs mare minvading mbacteria mand mviruses.
b Both magonist mand mantagonist mdrugs mmust minteract mwith mreceptors mto mproduce mtheir
. mintended mmresponses.
c.Antagonist mdrugs mproduce monlymintended mresponses mand magonist mdrugs mproduce mboth
mintended mresponses mand mside meffects.
d These mtypes mof mdrugs mare mless mlikely mto mcause mallergic mresponses mthan mdrugs mthat mare
mneither
, . agonists mnor mantagonists.
ANS: m B
Agonist mdrugs mexcite ma mreceptor mto mproduce mtheir mintended mresponses mon ma mcell mor mtissue min
mthe msame mway mthat ma mnaturally moccurring msubstance mdoes. mAntagonist mdrugs mproduce mtheir
mintended mresponses mby mbinding mto mand mblocking mreceptors.
DIF: m m Cognitive m Level: mUnderstanding m m m REF: m m pp. m6-7
17. A mpatient masks mwhymhe mmust mtake ma m“loading mdose” mfor mthe mfirst mdose mof mhis
mprescribed mdrug mand mthen mtake mlower mdoses mafter mthat. mWhat mis myour mbest mresponse?
a. “The mloading mdose mallows mthe mfirst mdose mof mthis mdrug mto mget minto myour mbloodstream
mfaster mand mbecause mit mstays min mthe mbloodstream ma mlong mtime, myou mcan mtake mlower
mdoses mafter mthat.”
b “The mfirst mdose mof ma mdrug mhas mto mbe mhigher mto mreach mthe mbloodstream mbecause mthe
. mliver mdestroys mit mbefore mit mhas ma mchance mto mstart mits maction mand mwork mfor myou.”
c. “By mtaking mthe mhighest mdose mfirst mand mjust monce, myou mare mreducing mthe mlikelihood mof
mhaving ma mbad mreaction mor mother mside meffects mto mthis mdrug.”
d “This mschedule mhelps mby mensuring mthat mthe mdrug mis mhaving man meffect meven mif myou
. mforget mto mtake mthe mrest mof mthe mdoses.”
ANS: m A
A mloading mdose mis mmost moften mused mwith mdrugs mthat mhave ma mlong mhalf-life. mGiving ma
mhigher mdose mfor mthe mfirst mdose mallows mit mto mreach mthe mbloodstream mrapidly mand mstay mthere.
mSmaller mdoses mfollow mit mto mkeep mthe mblood mdrug mlevel mat ma msteady mstate mwithout
mincreasing mthe mrisk mfor ma mdrug mover mdose.
DIF: m m Cognitive mLevel: mApplying mor mHigher REF: m p. m16
18. Which maction mcould mmake ma mdrug mmore mpotent?
a. Slow mdrug mabsorption
b Slow mdrug melimination
.
c. Normal mdrug
melimination
d Fast mdrug melimination
.
ANS: m B
Any mcondition mthat mkeeps ma mdrug mactive minside mthe mbody mlonger mcan mincrease mits mpotency.
mSlow mdrug melimination mallows ma mdrug mto mremain mlonger min mthe mbody. mNormal mor mfast
melimination mdoes mnot.
Slow mdrug mabsorption mdoes mnot mcontribute mto
mpotency. mDIF: Cognitive
mLevel: mUnderstanding REF: p.