NUR 227 EXAM 1 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Define arrhythmia/dysrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Abnormal heart rhythm
Atria ___________ blood - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Receive/Collect
Ventricles __________ blood - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pump out
Purpose of valves - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Prevent back flow
Keep blood moving in one direction
Artery that gives the heart oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Coronary arteries
Fuel for the conduction system of the heart
Name the 4 major players - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Electrolytes
Na, K, Ca, Mg
Describe the route of cardiac conduction system - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SA node→AV
node→Bundle of His→R/L bundle branches→Perkinjie fibers
Rate of SA node - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅60-100 bpm
Why does the blood flow pause at the AV node during conduction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅To
allow for the ventricles to adequately fill
If the pacemaker (SA node) of the heart is damaged, the ______ takes over - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅AV node
Rate of AV node - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅40-60 bpm
,Rate of Bundle of His - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅20-40 bpm
What are pacemaker cells? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Excitable cells that send electrical impulses to
set the heart rhythm
What are myocardial cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Contractile cells of the heart
When a cardiac cell outside of the conduction system is irritable, ischemic, or electrolytes are off can
they create an impulse - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Yes!
4 characteristics of cardiac cells allowing heart to respond/receive - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Automaticity
Excitability
Conductivity
Contractility
Define automacity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Initiate an impulse
Define excitability - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Receive and respond to stimuli:
Fire/Irritable/Stimulated
Define conductivity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ability to transmit an impulse and or abnormal
rhythm
Define contractility - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pulse, in response to conduction
**these can occur outside the conduction system creating an arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
Define action potential - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Exchange of electrolytes in/out of the cell
Neg/Pos exchange creates a current which fuels conduction system
,Define polarized cell - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Resting cell
Define a depolarized cell - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Contracting cell
Define a repolarized cell - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Return to rest/getting ready to fire again
What does ECG monitoring do - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monitors/Records the electrical activity of
the heart
What does a 12 lead ECG show - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Electrical activity going to all areas of the
heart:
Anterior/Posterior/Inferior/Lateral
What is the best diagnostic for STEMI and Ischemia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅12 lead ECG
How is STEMI manifested - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ST elevation
how is ischemia manifested - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ST depression
How many leads does telemetry have - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1-2 leads *not as diagnostic as 12
lead
What is a holter monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ECG diagnostic worn by outpatient for 24 hours
In hopes to capture an abnormal rhythmn
If you see a BIG QRS (big juice) on an ECG what does this mean - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Cardiomyopathy/HF
, If you have peaked T waves represents what electrolyte imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Hyperkalemia
Electrode stickies to an ECG should never be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Placed over bones,
pacemaker, automatic defibrillator
How often are electrodes changed - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Q24
If a pt has a pacemaker/automatic defibrillator where do we place the electrodes - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅back/shoulder
What does the P wave represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Atrial depolarization (contraction)
What does the QRS complex represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ventricular depolarization and
atrial repolarization
What does the T wave represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ventricular repolarization (ventricular
relaxation)
SA node fires which ECG wave - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅P wave
Bundles and Perkinkie ECG waves fire - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅QRS then T
P-QRS-T waves represents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cardiac cycle (1 heart beat)
Why must electrical conductivity occur within a specific time - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅To produce
maximum output
What is the PRI interval - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Time the impulse starts at the SA node to the AV
node
Define arrhythmia/dysrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Abnormal heart rhythm
Atria ___________ blood - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Receive/Collect
Ventricles __________ blood - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pump out
Purpose of valves - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Prevent back flow
Keep blood moving in one direction
Artery that gives the heart oxygen - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Coronary arteries
Fuel for the conduction system of the heart
Name the 4 major players - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Electrolytes
Na, K, Ca, Mg
Describe the route of cardiac conduction system - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅SA node→AV
node→Bundle of His→R/L bundle branches→Perkinjie fibers
Rate of SA node - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅60-100 bpm
Why does the blood flow pause at the AV node during conduction - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅To
allow for the ventricles to adequately fill
If the pacemaker (SA node) of the heart is damaged, the ______ takes over - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅AV node
Rate of AV node - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅40-60 bpm
,Rate of Bundle of His - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅20-40 bpm
What are pacemaker cells? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Excitable cells that send electrical impulses to
set the heart rhythm
What are myocardial cells - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Contractile cells of the heart
When a cardiac cell outside of the conduction system is irritable, ischemic, or electrolytes are off can
they create an impulse - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Yes!
4 characteristics of cardiac cells allowing heart to respond/receive - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Automaticity
Excitability
Conductivity
Contractility
Define automacity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Initiate an impulse
Define excitability - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Receive and respond to stimuli:
Fire/Irritable/Stimulated
Define conductivity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ability to transmit an impulse and or abnormal
rhythm
Define contractility - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Pulse, in response to conduction
**these can occur outside the conduction system creating an arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
Define action potential - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Exchange of electrolytes in/out of the cell
Neg/Pos exchange creates a current which fuels conduction system
,Define polarized cell - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Resting cell
Define a depolarized cell - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Contracting cell
Define a repolarized cell - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Return to rest/getting ready to fire again
What does ECG monitoring do - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Monitors/Records the electrical activity of
the heart
What does a 12 lead ECG show - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Electrical activity going to all areas of the
heart:
Anterior/Posterior/Inferior/Lateral
What is the best diagnostic for STEMI and Ischemia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅12 lead ECG
How is STEMI manifested - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ST elevation
how is ischemia manifested - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ST depression
How many leads does telemetry have - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅1-2 leads *not as diagnostic as 12
lead
What is a holter monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅ECG diagnostic worn by outpatient for 24 hours
In hopes to capture an abnormal rhythmn
If you see a BIG QRS (big juice) on an ECG what does this mean - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Cardiomyopathy/HF
, If you have peaked T waves represents what electrolyte imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅Hyperkalemia
Electrode stickies to an ECG should never be - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Placed over bones,
pacemaker, automatic defibrillator
How often are electrodes changed - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Q24
If a pt has a pacemaker/automatic defibrillator where do we place the electrodes - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅✅back/shoulder
What does the P wave represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Atrial depolarization (contraction)
What does the QRS complex represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ventricular depolarization and
atrial repolarization
What does the T wave represent? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ventricular repolarization (ventricular
relaxation)
SA node fires which ECG wave - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅P wave
Bundles and Perkinkie ECG waves fire - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅QRS then T
P-QRS-T waves represents - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅cardiac cycle (1 heart beat)
Why must electrical conductivity occur within a specific time - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅To produce
maximum output
What is the PRI interval - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Time the impulse starts at the SA node to the AV
node
