SAIT ACP PHARMACOLOGY UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Antiemetic drugs (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ondasteron
Dimenhydrinate
Metoclopramide
Diphenhydramine
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) classification (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Antiemetic
modifier of upper GI tract motility
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Actions (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅increases pressure in lower
esophageal sphincter increasing peristaltic movements in the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
increases gastric emptying
relieves N/V
Antagonizes central and peripheral dopamine receptors, raising the threshold of activity in the
chemoreceptor zone- antiemetic effects
Used to counteract the gastric states and nausea associated with migraine
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Indications - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅N/V
Headache suggestive of being vascular in origin (migraine)
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Contraindications (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Hypersensitivity
,GI obstruction
GI bleed
Seizure disorder
Concurrent use with other agents likely to increase extrapyramidal reactions
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) N/V dose (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅10mg diluted in 50mL NS and
infuse over 5 (five) mins NO REPEAT
or 10mg IM NO REPEAT
(10mg IM/IV q 8-12 hrs, prn)*
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) HA dose (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅10mg diltued in 50mL NS and
infuse over 15 (fifteen) mins NO REPEAT
or 10mg IM NO REPEAT
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Half life: 3-5 hrs
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Considerations (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Maxeran can cause
extrapyramidal symptoms if administered to quickly:
A) Dyskinesia- repetitive, involuntary body/facial movements
B) Akathisia- extreme form of restlessness
C) Dystonia- very strong muscle contractions
Use with caution in pts with HTN, depression, parkinson's, elders (risk of dyskinesia), breast CA
, Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Adverse effects (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Drowsiness
dizziness
seizures
tachydysrhythmias
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) Classification (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Antiemetic
Antihistamine
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) Actions (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Depressant action on hyper
stimulated labyrinthine functions and diminishes vestibular function
Sedative effects due to inhibition of histamine and blockade of central histaminergic receptors
central inhibition of acetylcholine
H1 receptor antagonist
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) Indications (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Prevention and treatment of N/V
associated with:
motion sickness
radiation sickness
Meniere's disease
ANSWERS
Antiemetic drugs (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Ondasteron
Dimenhydrinate
Metoclopramide
Diphenhydramine
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) classification (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Antiemetic
modifier of upper GI tract motility
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Actions (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅increases pressure in lower
esophageal sphincter increasing peristaltic movements in the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
increases gastric emptying
relieves N/V
Antagonizes central and peripheral dopamine receptors, raising the threshold of activity in the
chemoreceptor zone- antiemetic effects
Used to counteract the gastric states and nausea associated with migraine
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Indications - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅N/V
Headache suggestive of being vascular in origin (migraine)
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Contraindications (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Hypersensitivity
,GI obstruction
GI bleed
Seizure disorder
Concurrent use with other agents likely to increase extrapyramidal reactions
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) N/V dose (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅10mg diluted in 50mL NS and
infuse over 5 (five) mins NO REPEAT
or 10mg IM NO REPEAT
(10mg IM/IV q 8-12 hrs, prn)*
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) HA dose (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅10mg diltued in 50mL NS and
infuse over 15 (fifteen) mins NO REPEAT
or 10mg IM NO REPEAT
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) pharmacokinetics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Half life: 3-5 hrs
Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Considerations (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Maxeran can cause
extrapyramidal symptoms if administered to quickly:
A) Dyskinesia- repetitive, involuntary body/facial movements
B) Akathisia- extreme form of restlessness
C) Dystonia- very strong muscle contractions
Use with caution in pts with HTN, depression, parkinson's, elders (risk of dyskinesia), breast CA
, Metoclopramide (Maxeran) Adverse effects (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Drowsiness
dizziness
seizures
tachydysrhythmias
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) Classification (2) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Antiemetic
Antihistamine
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) Actions (4) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Depressant action on hyper
stimulated labyrinthine functions and diminishes vestibular function
Sedative effects due to inhibition of histamine and blockade of central histaminergic receptors
central inhibition of acetylcholine
H1 receptor antagonist
Dimenhydrinate (Gravol) Indications (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅✅Prevention and treatment of N/V
associated with:
motion sickness
radiation sickness
Meniere's disease
