University of Texas Health Science | Assignment PHM2612 Assignments PHM2612 Module 3.1 Descriptive Comparisons Corrected Answers

University of Texas Health Science Assignment PHM2612 Assignments PHM2612 Module 3.1 Descriptive Comparisons Corrected Answers 1 Assignments PHM2612 Module 3.1 Descriptive Comparisons Corrected Answers Complete this quiz on Canvas by or before the due date listed on the class calendar. Please note that you will only have one attempt to complete the quiz; however, there is no time limit. Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your knowledge. For questions requiring calculations, keep 5 decimal places for intermediate steps (e.g. XX.XXXXX) and round your final answers to two decimal places (e.g. XXX.XX), unless instructed otherwise. You may use this document to answer the questions prior to submitting your responses on Canvas under the QUIZZES tab. (23 points) NOTE: there are two parts to this assignment. You will need to use the DSHS site to complete the answers in part 2. Part 1 1. If the observed number of deaths and the expected number of deaths are not the same, then the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) would be different from 1 and this would indicate that the observed mortality is not unusual. (2 points) a. True b. False 2. When directly comparing rates in different studies or across populations with potentially different population structures, it is best to use adjusted rates. (2 points) a. True b. False True. After adjustment, the rates in different studies or areas can be compared directly. 3. Proportional Mortality Ratio (PMR) is the number of deaths from a particular disease over a specific time period divided by the number deaths from all causes that occurred over the same time period. (2 points) a. True This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :33:11 GMT -05:00 b. False 4. The denominator for cause-specific death rates is the total number of deaths at the midpoint of that time period, while the numerator is the number of deaths from a specific cause during the specified time period. (2 points) a. True b. False 5. The direct adjustment method is preferred over indirect adjustment when stratumspecific rates in your population of interest are known. (2 points) a. True b. False 6. An advantage for calculating crude rates versus adjusted rates is that we do not need to consider multiple factors (e.g., age, sex, education, etc.) at once. (2 points) a. True b. False 7. Which of the following statements best describes the public health implications of crude and adjusted rates? (2 points) a) Adjusted rates are the true rates of disease or death for a population based on surveillance of a population while crude rates are used primarily to compare occurrence of disease or death across different populations or areas b) Crude rates are the true rates of disease or death for a population based on surveillance of a population while adjusted rates are used primarily to compare occurrence of disease or death across different populations or areas 8. Match the descriptions or required elements needed to perform the two types of standardization (indirect, direct, or both) below. (2 points) _C_Requires a reference or standard population A = Direct This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :33:11 GMT -05:00 B = Indirect C = Both _B_Requires stratum-specific mortality rates from the standard population _A_Requires stratum-specific mortality rates from the population of interest _B_Results in the creation of a “Standardized Mortality Ratio” _B_Used when stratum specific mortality rates are unavailable 9. Consider that in Shelby County during 2019 there were 1,210 deaths due to bronchial carcinoma among the 55-74 age group and 208 deaths due to bronchial carcinoma among the 25-54 age group. There were 460,000 persons in the total population. Of these, 370,000 persons were in the 25-54 age group and 90,000 persons were in the 55- 74 age group. What is the age-specific bronchial carcinoma death rate in the 55-74 age group? (2 points) a. 56 deaths per 100,000 persons in 2019 b. 1,344 deaths per 100,000 persons in 2019 c. 327 deaths per 100,000 persons in 2019 d. 231 deaths per 100,000 persons in 2019 ( 1,210 / 90,000) * 100,000 = 1,344 per 100,000 persons in 2019 Part 2. The remaining question sets will familiarize you with obtaining death data from the Texas Department of State Health Services website. Step 1: Go to the Texas Department of State Health Services Center for Health Statistics website: Use the first two tabs at the top of the page (e.g., Leading Causes, Map of Crude Death Rates by Year) to answer the following questions. Answer questions 10-14 by hovering your mouse over the figures or using the pull-down menus on the webpage. 10. Harris county, the largest county by population size, had the highest total number of deaths in 2020 at 32,812 total deaths. Bexar county, the county which is located in San Antonio (southwest of Austin), has one of the highest populations in Texas. What was the total number of deaths that occurred in Bexar County in 2020? Report as a whole number as shown on the “Map of Crude Death Rates” part of the website. (0.5 points) _16,664_ total deaths in Bexar County, Texas. 11. Which county in Texas had the highest death rate 2020? Hint: on the “Map of Crude Death Rates” part of the website you may download the data of the crude mortality rates from the bottom of the box that the map of Texas is in by clicking on the icon This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :33:11 GMT -05:00 shown below and selecting ‘Crosstab’ and then ‘Crude Death Rate bar chart.’ (0.5 points) Foard county 12. In 2020 for all causes of death, residents 75+ years of age had the highest crude death rate and those ages 55-64 had the third highest crude death rate. What was the crude death rate for the 55-64 year age group per 100,000 in 2020? Note, under “Demographics by Year” on the “Leading Causes of Death and Demographics by Year” tab, you can use the pull-down menu to select by age range and then hover over the data point of interest Report the number value only, with 1 decimal place as shown on the website. (0.5 points) __1074.6__ per 100,000 population 13. In 2020 for all causes of death, which race/ethnicity group had the third highest crude death rate of 553.4 deaths per 100,000 population? (0.5 points) A. Hispanic B. Non-Hispanic Black C. Non-Hispanic Other D. Non-Hispanic White 14. From 2011 to 2020, did males or females have lower crude death rate? (0.5 points) A. Males B. Females Step 2: For questions 15-19, use the “Data Table Builder” tab (top right of page content) to explore the specified outcome of interest and demographic variables. Note: the ICD-10 codes are listed beside the diseases of interest in the parentheses, and you will need to use them. Under “Data Table Builder,” select “Filter by Cause of Death”, check the box for the disease(s) the questions ask about, and check the boxes for your statistics of interest to obtain the answers. Choose the year 2020 and make sure to use the ICD-10 codes when selecting your This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :33:11 GMT -05:00 disease of interest. Depending on the question, you may need to change the first row of filters to/from Statewide/No Selection as shown below. You can verify that you’ve checked the correct boxes by comparing your total number of deaths in TX to the values listed below. Total statewide COVID-19 deaths in 2020: 31,281 Total statewide Alzheimer’s disease (G30) deaths in 2020: 11,849 Subsections of data can have missing values, so be sure that you are specifically using the appropriate website filters for your total values for the questions asked. 15. In 2020, what was the statewide total number of Alzheimer’s disease deaths among females? (0.5 points) 8,115 16. How many people aged 65-74 years in Texas died of Alzheimer’s in 2020? (0.5 points) a. 19 b. 127 c. 917 d. 10,784 17. How many COVID-19 deaths occurred in Bexar County in 2020? (0.5 points) 1,990 18. Among those aged 75+ years, which race/ethnicity group had the lowest statewide number of COVID-19 deaths in 2020? (0.5 points) a. Hispanic b. Non-Hispanic Black c. Non-Hispanic Other d. Non-Hispanic White 19. Report the statewide number of COVID-19 deaths that occurred for the age and race/ethnicity group selected in Question 18 above. (0.5 points) 388 This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :33:11 GMT -05:00 Powered by TCPDF ()