1. A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed
digoxin. Which of the following findings is the most
indicative of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, which is
a sign of potential cardiac toxicity. Other symptoms include
nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV
infusion of potassium chloride. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
B. Administer potassium chloride rapidly to avoid irritation.
C. Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a large volume
of fluid.
D. Discontinue the infusion if the client has a pulse rate
above 100 bpm.
Answer: c) Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a
large volume of fluid.
Rationale: Potassium chloride should be infused slowly and
properly diluted to avoid adverse effects like cardiac
arrhythmias or vein irritation.
3. A client is prescribed warfarin. The nurse should instruct
the client to avoid which of the following foods?
A. Bananas
,B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Tomatoes
D. Potatoes
Answer: b) Leafy green vegetables
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables contain high levels of
vitamin K, which can interfere with the anticoagulant effect
of warfarin, requiring a consistent intake of vitamin K.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication with an empty stomach for faster
absorption."
B. "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach
irritation."
C. "Avoid drinking fluids while taking this medication."
D. "Increase your fluid intake to 1-2 liters per day."
Answer: b) "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce
stomach irritation."
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
like ibuprofen can cause gastric irritation, so it is
recommended to take them with food or milk.
5. A client with asthma is prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
The nurse should instruct the client to use the inhaler for
which of the following purposes?
A. To reduce inflammation
B. To relieve acute bronchospasm
C. To prevent infections
D. To prevent nocturnal symptoms
Answer: b) To relieve acute bronchospasm
Rationale: Beta-agonists are bronchodilators that provide
, quick relief of acute bronchospasm in asthma patients. They
should not be used as a long-term anti-inflammatory
treatment.
6. A client is receiving amoxicillin for a bacterial infection.
The nurse should instruct the client to complete the entire
course of therapy for which of the following reasons?
A. To prevent the development of resistance
B. To decrease the risk of side effects
C. To improve the effectiveness of the drug
D. To decrease the risk of developing superinfection
Answer: a) To prevent the development of resistance
Rationale: Completing the full course of antibiotics helps to
ensure the infection is fully eradicated and prevents the
development of antibiotic resistance.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed aspirin for
the prevention of myocardial infarction. Which of the
following should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Gastrointestinal bleeding
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypertension
Answer: b) Gastrointestinal bleeding
Rationale: Aspirin can irritate the gastrointestinal tract,
leading to an increased risk of bleeding. The nurse should
monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as
black, tarry stools.
8. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
digoxin. Which of the following findings is the most
indicative of digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Dehydration
Answer: b) Bradycardia
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity can lead to bradycardia, which is
a sign of potential cardiac toxicity. Other symptoms include
nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV
infusion of potassium chloride. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A. Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia.
B. Administer potassium chloride rapidly to avoid irritation.
C. Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a large volume
of fluid.
D. Discontinue the infusion if the client has a pulse rate
above 100 bpm.
Answer: c) Ensure the potassium infusion is diluted in a
large volume of fluid.
Rationale: Potassium chloride should be infused slowly and
properly diluted to avoid adverse effects like cardiac
arrhythmias or vein irritation.
3. A client is prescribed warfarin. The nurse should instruct
the client to avoid which of the following foods?
A. Bananas
,B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Tomatoes
D. Potatoes
Answer: b) Leafy green vegetables
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables contain high levels of
vitamin K, which can interfere with the anticoagulant effect
of warfarin, requiring a consistent intake of vitamin K.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of ibuprofen for
pain management. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse include?
A. "Take the medication with an empty stomach for faster
absorption."
B. "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce stomach
irritation."
C. "Avoid drinking fluids while taking this medication."
D. "Increase your fluid intake to 1-2 liters per day."
Answer: b) "Take the medication with food or milk to reduce
stomach irritation."
Rationale: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
like ibuprofen can cause gastric irritation, so it is
recommended to take them with food or milk.
5. A client with asthma is prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
The nurse should instruct the client to use the inhaler for
which of the following purposes?
A. To reduce inflammation
B. To relieve acute bronchospasm
C. To prevent infections
D. To prevent nocturnal symptoms
Answer: b) To relieve acute bronchospasm
Rationale: Beta-agonists are bronchodilators that provide
, quick relief of acute bronchospasm in asthma patients. They
should not be used as a long-term anti-inflammatory
treatment.
6. A client is receiving amoxicillin for a bacterial infection.
The nurse should instruct the client to complete the entire
course of therapy for which of the following reasons?
A. To prevent the development of resistance
B. To decrease the risk of side effects
C. To improve the effectiveness of the drug
D. To decrease the risk of developing superinfection
Answer: a) To prevent the development of resistance
Rationale: Completing the full course of antibiotics helps to
ensure the infection is fully eradicated and prevents the
development of antibiotic resistance.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed aspirin for
the prevention of myocardial infarction. Which of the
following should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect?
A. Increased platelet count
B. Gastrointestinal bleeding
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hypertension
Answer: b) Gastrointestinal bleeding
Rationale: Aspirin can irritate the gastrointestinal tract,
leading to an increased risk of bleeding. The nurse should
monitor for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as
black, tarry stools.
8. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
