NURS350: Pharmacology Exam 1: Modules
1-3 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
What are the four components of Pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER - absorption,
distibution, metabolism, elimination
What affects Absorption - CORRECT ANSWER - affected by a full stomach, and the
gastric pH
-drug must be able to cross cell membranes to move throughout the body
rate of absorption of lipid soluble drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - pass through cell
membrane rapidly
onset of action of liquid medication - CORRECT ANSWER - liquid medication has a
rapid onset of action since it's already dissolved
what route of administration is the fastest and why - CORRECT ANSWER - Intravenous
administration is the fastest absorption and has best control
--> result of 100% bioavailability
distribution - CORRECT ANSWER - the movement of the drug from CIRCULATION to
the body tissues
what is the first pass effect - CORRECT ANSWER - after oral drugs are absorbed from the
GI tract, they pass form the intestinal lumen to the liver via the portal vein.
-in the liver some parts of the drug are metabolized into an inactive form, and are excreted
--> reduces the amount of active drug available to exert a pharmacologic effect
, how does pharmacology impact the elderly in terms of excretion levels - CORRECT
ANSWER - change in pharmacokinetics results in slower excretion, which can cause
higher (and sometimes toxic) levels
what tests/levels need to be monitored in geriatric patients due to changes in pharmacokinetics -
CORRECT ANSWER - -monitor renal and hepatic function with lab testin, BUN, liver
enzymes, serum creatinine, & serum cholesterol
drugs transportation in elderly, chronically ill, & malnourished patients - CORRECT
ANSWER - -many drugs are transported by binding to protein, which is inactive when
bound
-these populations experience low protein or albumin levels, and may experience drug toxicity
due to increased free drugs
how does Beers list affect the elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - beers list compiules the
medications that has a risk for adverse events, especially in elderly populations
what is metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER - the chemical processes that occur within a
living organism in order to maintain life.
half life - CORRECT ANSWER - a drug's half life is the time it takes for the amount of
the drug in the body to be reduced by half
what is steady state - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when the amount of drug being
administered is the same as the amount of drug being eliminated
when is steady state reached - CORRECT ANSWER - a steady state of drug concentration
is necessary to achieve the optimal therapeutic benefit
- takes approximately four half-lives, if all doses are the same size
what is peak level - CORRECT ANSWER - the highest plasma concentration of a drug at
a specific time
1-3 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions
and CORRECT Answers
What are the four components of Pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER - absorption,
distibution, metabolism, elimination
What affects Absorption - CORRECT ANSWER - affected by a full stomach, and the
gastric pH
-drug must be able to cross cell membranes to move throughout the body
rate of absorption of lipid soluble drugs - CORRECT ANSWER - pass through cell
membrane rapidly
onset of action of liquid medication - CORRECT ANSWER - liquid medication has a
rapid onset of action since it's already dissolved
what route of administration is the fastest and why - CORRECT ANSWER - Intravenous
administration is the fastest absorption and has best control
--> result of 100% bioavailability
distribution - CORRECT ANSWER - the movement of the drug from CIRCULATION to
the body tissues
what is the first pass effect - CORRECT ANSWER - after oral drugs are absorbed from the
GI tract, they pass form the intestinal lumen to the liver via the portal vein.
-in the liver some parts of the drug are metabolized into an inactive form, and are excreted
--> reduces the amount of active drug available to exert a pharmacologic effect
, how does pharmacology impact the elderly in terms of excretion levels - CORRECT
ANSWER - change in pharmacokinetics results in slower excretion, which can cause
higher (and sometimes toxic) levels
what tests/levels need to be monitored in geriatric patients due to changes in pharmacokinetics -
CORRECT ANSWER - -monitor renal and hepatic function with lab testin, BUN, liver
enzymes, serum creatinine, & serum cholesterol
drugs transportation in elderly, chronically ill, & malnourished patients - CORRECT
ANSWER - -many drugs are transported by binding to protein, which is inactive when
bound
-these populations experience low protein or albumin levels, and may experience drug toxicity
due to increased free drugs
how does Beers list affect the elderly - CORRECT ANSWER - beers list compiules the
medications that has a risk for adverse events, especially in elderly populations
what is metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER - the chemical processes that occur within a
living organism in order to maintain life.
half life - CORRECT ANSWER - a drug's half life is the time it takes for the amount of
the drug in the body to be reduced by half
what is steady state - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when the amount of drug being
administered is the same as the amount of drug being eliminated
when is steady state reached - CORRECT ANSWER - a steady state of drug concentration
is necessary to achieve the optimal therapeutic benefit
- takes approximately four half-lives, if all doses are the same size
what is peak level - CORRECT ANSWER - the highest plasma concentration of a drug at
a specific time
