NSG 251 Exam Study Guide 2025 Latest and Verified
Bridges to communication
-respect
-caring
-empowerment
-trust
-empathy
-mutuality
-veracity (telling the truth)
Barriers to communication
-mistrust
-lack of respect, care, empathy, veracity
-anxiety
-stereotyping
-violation of personal space
-time limitations
-cultural barriers
-gender differences
-potential barriers=heavy workload, inconsistent care-giving
proxemics
, the study of an individuals use of space
-procedures intrude on a pt's personal space
-advocate
CARE process
Connect with your client
Appreciate the clients situation
Respond to client needs
Empower the client to partner in problem solving
Factors that influence communication
-personal factors
-self-awareness
-environmental factors
empathetic objectivity
experience patients as they are, not how you want them to be
active listening
-intentional form of listening
-note feelings and themes
-encourage exploring concerns
-open ended questions
listening responses
* minimal cues and leads: nodding, "go on", "mm"
* clarification (brief question for validation)
* restatement: may cue patient to possibility of an inaccurate assertion
* paraphrasing: nurse puts patient's message into nurse's own words and checks to see if
nurse has interpreted correctly
* reflection: focuses on emotional part of patient's message
Bridges to communication
-respect
-caring
-empowerment
-trust
-empathy
-mutuality
-veracity (telling the truth)
Barriers to communication
-mistrust
-lack of respect, care, empathy, veracity
-anxiety
-stereotyping
-violation of personal space
-time limitations
-cultural barriers
-gender differences
-potential barriers=heavy workload, inconsistent care-giving
proxemics
, the study of an individuals use of space
-procedures intrude on a pt's personal space
-advocate
CARE process
Connect with your client
Appreciate the clients situation
Respond to client needs
Empower the client to partner in problem solving
Factors that influence communication
-personal factors
-self-awareness
-environmental factors
empathetic objectivity
experience patients as they are, not how you want them to be
active listening
-intentional form of listening
-note feelings and themes
-encourage exploring concerns
-open ended questions
listening responses
* minimal cues and leads: nodding, "go on", "mm"
* clarification (brief question for validation)
* restatement: may cue patient to possibility of an inaccurate assertion
* paraphrasing: nurse puts patient's message into nurse's own words and checks to see if
nurse has interpreted correctly
* reflection: focuses on emotional part of patient's message
