CORRECTIONS IN AMERICA
PRACTICE TEST 3 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Ward - Answer-A minor subject to wardship or protection by the state; may also refer
to other persons protected by court order or legal status
Chancery Court - Answer-One of the five divisions of the High Court of Justice of
Great Britain, presided over by the Lord High Chancellor and that serves as a legal
protector of the rights of minors
Dependent - Answer-Any child without parents or guardians or whose parents are
unable to provide such care, treatment, or custody that should be afforded to a child
Delinquent Juveniles - Answer-Juveniles who have committed a criminal act that if
committed by an adult would be a crime
Status Offenders - Answer-Juveniles who have committed acts that are law
violations by virtue of the child's age but would not be criminal if committed by an
adult (running away, truency)
Incorrigible (unruly) Juveniles - Answer-Whose behavior is not controlled by their
parents
Kent vs. United States - Answer-A U.S. Supreme Court decision that courts must
provide the "essentials of due process" in transferring juveniles to the adult system
In re Gault - Answer-A U.S. Supreme Court decision that juveniles have four basic
constitutional rights in hearing that could result in commitment to an institution
Abandoned Families - Answer-Female victims of usually violent acts that may be
physical or psychological in damage or both
Pregnant Inmates - Answer-Female inmates who at the time of detention are
carrying a fetus or enter that condition while incarcerated
Family Cohesion - Answer-Term describing the relationship between offenders and
their families, as in sticking together tightly
Single- Sex Experience - Answer-Inmates behavior involving other persons of the
same sex in either a homogenital or homosocial relationship
Common Law - Answer-Law based on judges' decision and custom as distinct from
written laws
, Parens Patriae - Answer-A latin term that refers to the duty of the state to protect
those unable to protect themselves, particularly juveniles and the mentally
disordered
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act - Answer-Act requiring a
comprehensive assessment of the juvenile justice system to identify those youth who
are victimized or otherwise troubled but have not committed criminal offenses
Roper vs. Simons - Answer-A U.S. Supreme Court decision that made it
unconstitutional to impose capital punishment for a crime committed while under the
age of 18
Graham v Florida - Answer-A 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that
juveniles cannot be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole for nonhomicide
offenses
Miller v Alabama - Answer-In 2012, the Supreme Court held that mandatory
sentences of life without the possibility of parole are unconstitutional for juvenile
offenders
Diversion - Answer-The halting or suspension of juvenile from further involvement
with the justice system in return for approved behavior
Decriminalization - Answer-To remove or reduce the criminal classification or status
of a formerly criminal act
Deinstitutionalization - Answer-The return of a patient from a mental hospital into the
community
Decarceration - Answer-Process of releasing offenders from institutional facilities,
primarily by closing those facilities
Statutory Exclusion - Answer-Principle that requires a category juvenile offender to
be bound over as an adult, based on the type of offense committed. all such
juveniles committing an identified offense must be transferred to adult court
Juvenile Waiver - Answer-Juvenile court transfer of alleged delinquents to adult court
for more intensive and lengthy punishment
Direct Filing - Answer-Prosecutorial decision to refer the case to an adult criminal
court rather than to a juvenile court
U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention - Answer-A branch of the
U.S. Department of Justice that seeks to improve knowledge about juvenile
offenders and evaluate both exploratory and prevention research and its capable of
providing grants to researchers and administrators who would focus on solution of a
major juvenile offense
Youth Gang - Answer-A continuing criminal enterprise by juveniles and young adults
that commits violence and other criminal acts to sustain itself
PRACTICE TEST 3 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Ward - Answer-A minor subject to wardship or protection by the state; may also refer
to other persons protected by court order or legal status
Chancery Court - Answer-One of the five divisions of the High Court of Justice of
Great Britain, presided over by the Lord High Chancellor and that serves as a legal
protector of the rights of minors
Dependent - Answer-Any child without parents or guardians or whose parents are
unable to provide such care, treatment, or custody that should be afforded to a child
Delinquent Juveniles - Answer-Juveniles who have committed a criminal act that if
committed by an adult would be a crime
Status Offenders - Answer-Juveniles who have committed acts that are law
violations by virtue of the child's age but would not be criminal if committed by an
adult (running away, truency)
Incorrigible (unruly) Juveniles - Answer-Whose behavior is not controlled by their
parents
Kent vs. United States - Answer-A U.S. Supreme Court decision that courts must
provide the "essentials of due process" in transferring juveniles to the adult system
In re Gault - Answer-A U.S. Supreme Court decision that juveniles have four basic
constitutional rights in hearing that could result in commitment to an institution
Abandoned Families - Answer-Female victims of usually violent acts that may be
physical or psychological in damage or both
Pregnant Inmates - Answer-Female inmates who at the time of detention are
carrying a fetus or enter that condition while incarcerated
Family Cohesion - Answer-Term describing the relationship between offenders and
their families, as in sticking together tightly
Single- Sex Experience - Answer-Inmates behavior involving other persons of the
same sex in either a homogenital or homosocial relationship
Common Law - Answer-Law based on judges' decision and custom as distinct from
written laws
, Parens Patriae - Answer-A latin term that refers to the duty of the state to protect
those unable to protect themselves, particularly juveniles and the mentally
disordered
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act - Answer-Act requiring a
comprehensive assessment of the juvenile justice system to identify those youth who
are victimized or otherwise troubled but have not committed criminal offenses
Roper vs. Simons - Answer-A U.S. Supreme Court decision that made it
unconstitutional to impose capital punishment for a crime committed while under the
age of 18
Graham v Florida - Answer-A 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that
juveniles cannot be sentenced to life imprisonment without parole for nonhomicide
offenses
Miller v Alabama - Answer-In 2012, the Supreme Court held that mandatory
sentences of life without the possibility of parole are unconstitutional for juvenile
offenders
Diversion - Answer-The halting or suspension of juvenile from further involvement
with the justice system in return for approved behavior
Decriminalization - Answer-To remove or reduce the criminal classification or status
of a formerly criminal act
Deinstitutionalization - Answer-The return of a patient from a mental hospital into the
community
Decarceration - Answer-Process of releasing offenders from institutional facilities,
primarily by closing those facilities
Statutory Exclusion - Answer-Principle that requires a category juvenile offender to
be bound over as an adult, based on the type of offense committed. all such
juveniles committing an identified offense must be transferred to adult court
Juvenile Waiver - Answer-Juvenile court transfer of alleged delinquents to adult court
for more intensive and lengthy punishment
Direct Filing - Answer-Prosecutorial decision to refer the case to an adult criminal
court rather than to a juvenile court
U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention - Answer-A branch of the
U.S. Department of Justice that seeks to improve knowledge about juvenile
offenders and evaluate both exploratory and prevention research and its capable of
providing grants to researchers and administrators who would focus on solution of a
major juvenile offense
Youth Gang - Answer-A continuing criminal enterprise by juveniles and young adults
that commits violence and other criminal acts to sustain itself
