COMMUNITY EXAM 1 TEST BANK CH
1,2,& 6, QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Individual behavior choices and environmental factors are responsible for about 70%
of health outcomes. Individual choices are affected through interaction with other
individuals, and their mutual social and physical environments. Health care providers
are responsible for only 10% of the outcome. The quality of public safety officers and
number of public health officials have not been identified as major contributors to the
determinants of health.
What change could most effectively lead to a longer life span in Americans?
a.
Parenting and sexual behavior classes in all public school systems
b.
Legislation restricting alcohol and drug use
c.
Notably reducing speed limits on all state and federal highways, and changing the
age limit for driving to 21 years of age
d.
The belief that smoking is shameful and disgusting, as well as expensive, becoming
the social norm - Answer-D
Smoking is responsible for about 20% of all deaths in the United States. Although
smoking is an individual's choice, all people are affected by social norms. Parenting
and sexual behavior classes and legislative changes may influence health, but may
not necessarily lead to a longer lifespan. Community health nurses should recognize
that health is influenced by a web of factors, some that can be changed and some
that cannot. Influencing social norms may better promote change among Americans.
What is the health issue causing the most concern in the United States today?
a.
Diabetes epidemic
b.
Increase in cardiac disease
c.
Increase in obesity
d.
Rise in cancer rates - Answer-C
The widespread increase in incidence of overweight and obesity has led to calls for
population-based measures to address this issue. The overarching problem of
obesity has led to an increase in diabetes as well as cardiac disease. If this health
issue was controlled, there should be in a decrease in the other health issues.
What factors are most responsible for the increasing length of life of Americans over
the past 100 years?
a.
,Better nutrition and family planning options
b.
Education concerning the need to reduce salt and fat in the diet
c.
Improved medical care, including exciting new technologies
d.
More efficient cancer screenings and early intervention - Answer-A
Average increased life span over the past 100 years can be largely attributed to
higher standards of living, better nutrition, a healthier environment, and having fewer
children. Public health efforts such as immunization and medical care have also
contributed.
Why would a public health nurse want to know about morbidity and mortality
statistics on the local, state, and national level?
a.
To be able to share current trends in health problems with the community
b.
To be able to observe the community's statistics over time and compare the
community with other communities
c.
To justify local budgets and the need for increased income from citizens
d.
To publicize current health issues and suggest appropriate actions to citizens -
Answer-B
Although being informed and being able to educate the public is always preferred
and nurses often do have to justify budgets, data are needed to compare the local
community with itself over time and with other communities so that problems may be
recognized and action taken to confront health issues. The first step is always to
recognize problems as they develop.
What responsibility does the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics
require of the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?
a.
Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available to
clients
b.
Recognize the need for experienced nurses to mentor new graduates to help
increase and expand the number of professionals available
c.
Support health legislation to improve accessibility and cost of health care
d.
Volunteer to work overtime as needed to ensure maximum quality of care - Answer-
C
The ANA Code of Ethics promotes social reform by focusing on health policy and
legislation to positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code
does not directly address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for
overtime.
What is the community health nursing definition of health?
,a.
Health is a person's goal-directed purposeful process toward well-being or
wholeness.
b.
Health is an individual's physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity.
c.
Health is the mutual adaptation between a person and his or her environment in
meeting daily existence.
d.
Health is families and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safety and well-being. -
Answer-D
The text stresses that health is not just the result of an individual's choices, but
choices and actions of individuals, families, groups, and communities that lead to
better health.
How does community health nursing define community?
a.
A group of persons living within specific geographic boundaries
b.
A group of persons who share a common identity and environment
c.
A group of persons who work together to meet common goals
d.
Persons who form a group to resolve a common concern - Answer-B
Community health nurses work with both geopolitical groups (within specific
geographic boundaries) and phenomenological groups (who have a common identity
based on culture, history, or goals). A particular phenomenological group may or
may not have been a planned group—that is, a group that came together to resolve
a recognized common problem or to meet a common goal. However, of all the
choices, a group of persons who share a common identity (phenomenological group)
and environment (which implies a specific geographic setting) is the broadest and
most complete definition.
Which variable has a major influence on a community's health?
a.
Behavior choices made by persons in the community
b.
Number of health care providers and hospitals in the community
c.
Quality of the public safety officers (police officers, firefighters, etc.)
d.
The number and credentials of public health officials in the community - Answer-A
How do public health efforts differ from medical efforts in improving the health of our
citizens?
a.
, Medical care providers autonomously choose appropriate interventions, whereas
public health care providers must engage in whatever actions legislation requires.
b.
Medical care providers are self-employed or agency employed, whereas public
health care providers are employed by and paid through the government.
c.
Medical care providers focus only on individuals, whereas public health care
providers focus only on aggregates.
d.
Medical care providers focus on disease diagnosis and management, whereas
public health care providers focus on health promotion and disease prevention. -
Answer-D
Medical care providers are restricted by insurance and government regulations.
Providers may also be employed in government facilities, such as Veterans
Administration facilities. However, medical care providers primarily focus on
diagnosis and treatment of disease, whereas public health care providers try to
promote health and prevent disease. Although medical care providers primarily focus
on individuals and public health care providers primarily focus on aggregates, their
practice is not limited to only individuals or only aggregates.
Which primary prevention would the school nurse choose to address the school's
number of unwed pregnancies?
a.
Create a class on parenting for both the moms-to-be and the dads-to-be
b.
Convince the school board to allow sex education classes to include birth control
measures
c.
Employ the moms-to-be as 1-hour-a-day employees in the school day care center for
children born to school students
d.
Establish a class where all the unwed moms-to-be can learn infant care - Answer-B
Although all choices would be appropriate actions in a school, only education
regarding sexuality and birth control would help prevent future pregnancies.
What would be the proper term for the action of the school health nurse arranging for
all the students in the elementary school to receive H1N1 immunizations?
a.
Health education
b.
Secondary prevention
c.
Specific protection
d.
Tertiary prevention - Answer-C
Immunizations are a specific protection effort as part of primary prevention.
Which action would probably result in the largest change in health care outcomes for
Americans?
a.
1,2,& 6, QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Individual behavior choices and environmental factors are responsible for about 70%
of health outcomes. Individual choices are affected through interaction with other
individuals, and their mutual social and physical environments. Health care providers
are responsible for only 10% of the outcome. The quality of public safety officers and
number of public health officials have not been identified as major contributors to the
determinants of health.
What change could most effectively lead to a longer life span in Americans?
a.
Parenting and sexual behavior classes in all public school systems
b.
Legislation restricting alcohol and drug use
c.
Notably reducing speed limits on all state and federal highways, and changing the
age limit for driving to 21 years of age
d.
The belief that smoking is shameful and disgusting, as well as expensive, becoming
the social norm - Answer-D
Smoking is responsible for about 20% of all deaths in the United States. Although
smoking is an individual's choice, all people are affected by social norms. Parenting
and sexual behavior classes and legislative changes may influence health, but may
not necessarily lead to a longer lifespan. Community health nurses should recognize
that health is influenced by a web of factors, some that can be changed and some
that cannot. Influencing social norms may better promote change among Americans.
What is the health issue causing the most concern in the United States today?
a.
Diabetes epidemic
b.
Increase in cardiac disease
c.
Increase in obesity
d.
Rise in cancer rates - Answer-C
The widespread increase in incidence of overweight and obesity has led to calls for
population-based measures to address this issue. The overarching problem of
obesity has led to an increase in diabetes as well as cardiac disease. If this health
issue was controlled, there should be in a decrease in the other health issues.
What factors are most responsible for the increasing length of life of Americans over
the past 100 years?
a.
,Better nutrition and family planning options
b.
Education concerning the need to reduce salt and fat in the diet
c.
Improved medical care, including exciting new technologies
d.
More efficient cancer screenings and early intervention - Answer-A
Average increased life span over the past 100 years can be largely attributed to
higher standards of living, better nutrition, a healthier environment, and having fewer
children. Public health efforts such as immunization and medical care have also
contributed.
Why would a public health nurse want to know about morbidity and mortality
statistics on the local, state, and national level?
a.
To be able to share current trends in health problems with the community
b.
To be able to observe the community's statistics over time and compare the
community with other communities
c.
To justify local budgets and the need for increased income from citizens
d.
To publicize current health issues and suggest appropriate actions to citizens -
Answer-B
Although being informed and being able to educate the public is always preferred
and nurses often do have to justify budgets, data are needed to compare the local
community with itself over time and with other communities so that problems may be
recognized and action taken to confront health issues. The first step is always to
recognize problems as they develop.
What responsibility does the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics
require of the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?
a.
Accept longer work schedules to ensure that professional care is always available to
clients
b.
Recognize the need for experienced nurses to mentor new graduates to help
increase and expand the number of professionals available
c.
Support health legislation to improve accessibility and cost of health care
d.
Volunteer to work overtime as needed to ensure maximum quality of care - Answer-
C
The ANA Code of Ethics promotes social reform by focusing on health policy and
legislation to positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code
does not directly address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for
overtime.
What is the community health nursing definition of health?
,a.
Health is a person's goal-directed purposeful process toward well-being or
wholeness.
b.
Health is an individual's physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity.
c.
Health is the mutual adaptation between a person and his or her environment in
meeting daily existence.
d.
Health is families and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safety and well-being. -
Answer-D
The text stresses that health is not just the result of an individual's choices, but
choices and actions of individuals, families, groups, and communities that lead to
better health.
How does community health nursing define community?
a.
A group of persons living within specific geographic boundaries
b.
A group of persons who share a common identity and environment
c.
A group of persons who work together to meet common goals
d.
Persons who form a group to resolve a common concern - Answer-B
Community health nurses work with both geopolitical groups (within specific
geographic boundaries) and phenomenological groups (who have a common identity
based on culture, history, or goals). A particular phenomenological group may or
may not have been a planned group—that is, a group that came together to resolve
a recognized common problem or to meet a common goal. However, of all the
choices, a group of persons who share a common identity (phenomenological group)
and environment (which implies a specific geographic setting) is the broadest and
most complete definition.
Which variable has a major influence on a community's health?
a.
Behavior choices made by persons in the community
b.
Number of health care providers and hospitals in the community
c.
Quality of the public safety officers (police officers, firefighters, etc.)
d.
The number and credentials of public health officials in the community - Answer-A
How do public health efforts differ from medical efforts in improving the health of our
citizens?
a.
, Medical care providers autonomously choose appropriate interventions, whereas
public health care providers must engage in whatever actions legislation requires.
b.
Medical care providers are self-employed or agency employed, whereas public
health care providers are employed by and paid through the government.
c.
Medical care providers focus only on individuals, whereas public health care
providers focus only on aggregates.
d.
Medical care providers focus on disease diagnosis and management, whereas
public health care providers focus on health promotion and disease prevention. -
Answer-D
Medical care providers are restricted by insurance and government regulations.
Providers may also be employed in government facilities, such as Veterans
Administration facilities. However, medical care providers primarily focus on
diagnosis and treatment of disease, whereas public health care providers try to
promote health and prevent disease. Although medical care providers primarily focus
on individuals and public health care providers primarily focus on aggregates, their
practice is not limited to only individuals or only aggregates.
Which primary prevention would the school nurse choose to address the school's
number of unwed pregnancies?
a.
Create a class on parenting for both the moms-to-be and the dads-to-be
b.
Convince the school board to allow sex education classes to include birth control
measures
c.
Employ the moms-to-be as 1-hour-a-day employees in the school day care center for
children born to school students
d.
Establish a class where all the unwed moms-to-be can learn infant care - Answer-B
Although all choices would be appropriate actions in a school, only education
regarding sexuality and birth control would help prevent future pregnancies.
What would be the proper term for the action of the school health nurse arranging for
all the students in the elementary school to receive H1N1 immunizations?
a.
Health education
b.
Secondary prevention
c.
Specific protection
d.
Tertiary prevention - Answer-C
Immunizations are a specific protection effort as part of primary prevention.
Which action would probably result in the largest change in health care outcomes for
Americans?
a.
