AMH EXAM 2- CHAPTER 21
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Indian New Deal - Answer-John Collier, commissioner of Indian affairs, ended the
policy of forced assimilation and allowed Indians unprecedented cultural autonomy.
Important because this deal marked the most radical shift in Indian policy in the
nation's history.
Popular Front - Answer-A period during the mid 1930s when the communist party
sought to ally itself with socialists and new dealers in movements for social change,
urging reform of the capitalist system rather than revolution. Important because
during this time, Communists gained unprecedented respectability.
"Scottsboro boys" - Answer-(1931) The "Scottsboro Boys" were nine black men that
were arrested for the rape of two white women. This case led to a constitutional right
to legal representation and took away blacks from systematically being excluded
from juries. With the lack of evidence in this case and the new laws, five of the guys
were still convicted.
Un-American Activities Committee - Answer-(1938) The House of Representatives
established the Un-American Activities Committee to investigate disloyalty to
America. The definition of "Un-American" included communists, labor radicals, the
left-winged Democrats. This committee led to many federal employees charged for
subversion.
Smith Act - Answer-Enacted by congress in 1940. Made it a federal crime to "teach,
advocate, or encourage" the overthrow of the government. In response to the House
of Un-Americans Activity Committee
What were the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days? -
Answer-• In the Hundred Days, the first three months of Roosevelt's presidency,
Congress passed 15 of his New Deal proposals. The first one to be passed was the
Emergency Bank Act, which provided funds to failing banks. This was in response to
banks being suspended, not allowing the people to access money in their bank
accounts. During this time, the National Recovery Administration was established,
which was a group that worked with business leaders to establish standards for
output, prices, and working conditions. Later, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
was established and provided millions of unemployed young men with work and they
worked on projects like forest preservation and improvement of national parks.
Another big aid was the Public Works Administration (PWA), which served to build
roads, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities. The Hundred Days was a time of
a lot of accomplishment after a lot of economic struggle.
Who were the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and what measures
did they advocate? - Answer-The main proponents of economic justice were the
labor activists. The 1930s was this era of "labor's great upheaval." Labor organizers
, wanted economic equality and went on many strikes in the 1920s for the right to
picket, right to unionize, and better wages. A new measure workers took was called
the sit-down where, instead of leaving the workplace, they would just sit there and be
unproductive. It was very successful. Other movements included ending poverty by
providing the unemployed with jobs. The Share Our Wealth movement also took
way, saying that money should be taken from the wealthy and given to the citizens.
With Roosevelt as president and his move for freedom, everyone, especially labor
workers, fought for that freedom.
What were the major initiatives of the Second New Deal? - Answer-The Second New
Deal was focused on economic recovery. The emphasis was to guarantee that
Americans would be protected against unemployment and poverty. Roosevelt
established the Works Progress Administration (WPA), giving millions of Americans
jobs constructing bridges, pools, stadiums, roads, and such. The WPA also sent out
many artists to paint buildings and paint murals. During the Second New Deal, the
Social Security Act was established. That ensured unemployment insurance, aid to
elderly and disabled, and aid to families. It launched the welfare state and provided
health coverage and income assistance.
Works Progress Administration - Answer-Created by Roosevelt and began in 1934.
This administration hired some 3 million Americans, in virtually every walk of life,
each year until it ended in 1943. It constructed thousands of public buildings and
bridges, more than 500,000 miles of roads, and 600 airports. It built stadiums,
swimming pools, and sewage treatment plants. Unlike previous work relief programs,
the WPA employed many out-of-work white-collar workers and professionals, even
doctors and dentists. Hired artists, poets, and created the opportunity for many to
see a glimpse of a live musical.
Social Security Act - Answer-(1935) The centerpiece of the new deal. It embodied
Roosevelt's conviction that the national government had a responsibility to ensure
the material well being of ordinary Americans. It created a system of unemployment
insurance, old age pensions, and aid to the disabled, the elderly poor, and families
with dependent children. Launched the American version of the welfare system.
Welfare state - Answer-A term that originated in Britain during World War II to refer
to a system of income assistance, health coverage, and social services for all
citizens. The American welfare state has always been way more decentralized, it
involved lower levels of public spending, and covered fewer citizens.
Court-packing plan - Answer-(1937)President Roosevelt's Court-Packing Plan was a
plan to increase the number of Supreme Court justices from nine to fifteen. This plan
was an attempt to save his Second New Deal programs from constitutional
challenges.
Minimum wage - Answer-(1938) The Supreme Court set minimum wage laws as the
last major New Deal legislation. It established the practice of federal regulation of
wages and working conditions.
How did the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom? - Answer-The New
Deal had a new meaning of freedom that was often disagreed upon by different
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Indian New Deal - Answer-John Collier, commissioner of Indian affairs, ended the
policy of forced assimilation and allowed Indians unprecedented cultural autonomy.
Important because this deal marked the most radical shift in Indian policy in the
nation's history.
Popular Front - Answer-A period during the mid 1930s when the communist party
sought to ally itself with socialists and new dealers in movements for social change,
urging reform of the capitalist system rather than revolution. Important because
during this time, Communists gained unprecedented respectability.
"Scottsboro boys" - Answer-(1931) The "Scottsboro Boys" were nine black men that
were arrested for the rape of two white women. This case led to a constitutional right
to legal representation and took away blacks from systematically being excluded
from juries. With the lack of evidence in this case and the new laws, five of the guys
were still convicted.
Un-American Activities Committee - Answer-(1938) The House of Representatives
established the Un-American Activities Committee to investigate disloyalty to
America. The definition of "Un-American" included communists, labor radicals, the
left-winged Democrats. This committee led to many federal employees charged for
subversion.
Smith Act - Answer-Enacted by congress in 1940. Made it a federal crime to "teach,
advocate, or encourage" the overthrow of the government. In response to the House
of Un-Americans Activity Committee
What were the major policy initiatives of the New Deal in the Hundred Days? -
Answer-• In the Hundred Days, the first three months of Roosevelt's presidency,
Congress passed 15 of his New Deal proposals. The first one to be passed was the
Emergency Bank Act, which provided funds to failing banks. This was in response to
banks being suspended, not allowing the people to access money in their bank
accounts. During this time, the National Recovery Administration was established,
which was a group that worked with business leaders to establish standards for
output, prices, and working conditions. Later, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
was established and provided millions of unemployed young men with work and they
worked on projects like forest preservation and improvement of national parks.
Another big aid was the Public Works Administration (PWA), which served to build
roads, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities. The Hundred Days was a time of
a lot of accomplishment after a lot of economic struggle.
Who were the main proponents of economic justice in the 1930s and what measures
did they advocate? - Answer-The main proponents of economic justice were the
labor activists. The 1930s was this era of "labor's great upheaval." Labor organizers
, wanted economic equality and went on many strikes in the 1920s for the right to
picket, right to unionize, and better wages. A new measure workers took was called
the sit-down where, instead of leaving the workplace, they would just sit there and be
unproductive. It was very successful. Other movements included ending poverty by
providing the unemployed with jobs. The Share Our Wealth movement also took
way, saying that money should be taken from the wealthy and given to the citizens.
With Roosevelt as president and his move for freedom, everyone, especially labor
workers, fought for that freedom.
What were the major initiatives of the Second New Deal? - Answer-The Second New
Deal was focused on economic recovery. The emphasis was to guarantee that
Americans would be protected against unemployment and poverty. Roosevelt
established the Works Progress Administration (WPA), giving millions of Americans
jobs constructing bridges, pools, stadiums, roads, and such. The WPA also sent out
many artists to paint buildings and paint murals. During the Second New Deal, the
Social Security Act was established. That ensured unemployment insurance, aid to
elderly and disabled, and aid to families. It launched the welfare state and provided
health coverage and income assistance.
Works Progress Administration - Answer-Created by Roosevelt and began in 1934.
This administration hired some 3 million Americans, in virtually every walk of life,
each year until it ended in 1943. It constructed thousands of public buildings and
bridges, more than 500,000 miles of roads, and 600 airports. It built stadiums,
swimming pools, and sewage treatment plants. Unlike previous work relief programs,
the WPA employed many out-of-work white-collar workers and professionals, even
doctors and dentists. Hired artists, poets, and created the opportunity for many to
see a glimpse of a live musical.
Social Security Act - Answer-(1935) The centerpiece of the new deal. It embodied
Roosevelt's conviction that the national government had a responsibility to ensure
the material well being of ordinary Americans. It created a system of unemployment
insurance, old age pensions, and aid to the disabled, the elderly poor, and families
with dependent children. Launched the American version of the welfare system.
Welfare state - Answer-A term that originated in Britain during World War II to refer
to a system of income assistance, health coverage, and social services for all
citizens. The American welfare state has always been way more decentralized, it
involved lower levels of public spending, and covered fewer citizens.
Court-packing plan - Answer-(1937)President Roosevelt's Court-Packing Plan was a
plan to increase the number of Supreme Court justices from nine to fifteen. This plan
was an attempt to save his Second New Deal programs from constitutional
challenges.
Minimum wage - Answer-(1938) The Supreme Court set minimum wage laws as the
last major New Deal legislation. It established the practice of federal regulation of
wages and working conditions.
How did the New Deal recast the meaning of American freedom? - Answer-The New
Deal had a new meaning of freedom that was often disagreed upon by different
