WGU Educational Psychology || very Flawless.
What is working memory (sometimes known as short-term memory)? correct answers It actively
processes a small amount of information, typically holding it for less than a minute.
What is positive reinforcement? correct answers Reinforcement consists of getting something a
learner finds desirable.
What is metacognition? correct answers Thinking about thinking
What is an accurate comparison between behaviorist and social cognitive theories of learning.
correct answers social cognitive theorists propose that reinforcement affects observers as well as
the individuals actually being reinforced.
In what way does self-efficacy differ from the term self-concept? correct answers self-efficacy
varies depending on the specific task to be performed
The term negative reinforcement can best be described as a situation in which: correct answers
Something the learner doesn't want is taken away after a response
- No homework after doing well on an exam
- Car chiming until you put your seatbelt on
Ms. O'Connor reinforces James every time she sees him reading independently. Once he is
reading frequently, she begins to reinforce him only every second time, then only every third
time, and so on, gradually reinforcing him less and less often. From a behaviorist perspective, we
can predict Jimmy will: correct answers Continue to read independently
Which one of the following statements best characterizes ho reinforement of incompatible
behavior can help reduce inappropriate behavior in the classroom? correct answers An
undesirable behavior will decrease when a student is reinforced for a behavior in an opposite
manner
Social cognitive theory can best be characterized as being concerned with learning: correct
answers through observations of others
One characteristic common to all behavorist learning theories is an emphasis on: correct answers
the effect of the environment on learning
Which one of the following statements best describes positive reinforcement? correct answers
Reinforcement consists of getting something a learner wants.
If we want to enhance students' metacognitive processes during problem solving, we would be
most likely to: correct answers suggest questions that students might ask themselves as they
work on problems.
,Which one of the following is the best illustration of metacognition? correct answers Dolly is
studying for a history test. She knows that she has trouble with dates, so she checks herself by
giving herself a short quiz after each chapter.
Criterion-Referenced Assessment correct answers - Helps to figure out whether of not the
teaching and students' learning meet the international goals and the content area standards for the
covered material.
- assess strengths and weaknesses of students' understanding
- Focus is on standards
Which one of the following eamples illustrates informal assessment? correct answers observing
how students handle the ball as they play soccer in gym class
Which one of the following is the best example of performance assessment correct answers
having students do as many push-ups as they can
by encouraging students to evaluate their own performance during assessment activities we are
most likely to: correct answers promote self-regulation
Which one of the following is a legitimate concern about the use of performance assessment?
correct answers its reliability and content validitly are sometimes questionable.
Which of the following students show motivation consistent with theoretical views of self worth?
correct answers Monica doesn't read the comments her teacher has written on her research paper
because she suspects that they're not very flattering.
which one of the following statements best describes motivation theorists' concept of sense of
self-determination? correct answers Believing that you have some choice about what you do.
Norm-Referenced Assessment correct answers - Individual performance
- In your music class the teacher decides on chair order by having your whole trumpet section
play the same piece and then evaluates their quality relative to the other students.
- Top 10% of your class in order to get into a certain college
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of informal assessment correct answers informal
assesment is valid
Ms. Smith's 7th grade language arts class has a reading chart on the wall to chart how mny books
they read during the month of december. If they read 3 books each, the class as a wholewill
receive a movie day where they get to choose a movie. What type of motivation is this classified
as? correct answers Extrinisic motivation
The cognitive theory of motivation that one fo the congnitions that affect motivation is goals.
Out of the four types of goals, which of these scenarios best illustrates a mastery approach?
correct answers Sam loves playing football, but for some reason he just can't seem to throw that
, perfect spiral. After many attempts he asks his dad for tips and suggestions on how to throw a
great pass since his dad played football throughout his younger years
"My parents are proud of my academic achievements and peers look up to classmates who are
part of a team or club. It means a lot to me that i graduate with a perfect GPA and I hope to be
valedictorian" Which type of goal does this indicate? correct answers Performance-approach
goal
Anthony is a seventh grade student who is struggling to be motivated in his science class. Which
of the following theories regarding Anthony's lack of motivation exhibits a cognitive theoretical
approach? correct answers "Anthony's teacher should present him with choices, allowing him
some control over his activities. His intrinsic motivation to learn will increase if he is granted a
sense of autonomy and self-determination"
what is a good way to enhance student's sense of self determination? correct answers give
students opportunites to make choices
What is an example of Erikson's state of identity versus role confusion? correct answers Craig is
trying to decide what career he wants to pursue.
Many cognitive psychologists believe that learning and understanding are often constructive in
nature. Three of the following scenarios illustrate such construction. Which scenario does not
neccessarily involve construction in learning? correct answers Mr. McFarland asks his third
graders to practice their multiplication tables every day. After a month of such practice, Misty
can retrieve all the basic multiplication facts quickly and easily.
Which one of the following is the best example of Piaget's concept of assimilation? correct
answers A kindergartner uses a white crayon instead of chalk to draw on the blackboard
According to Erik Erikson, students' ability to trust those around them intially stems from:
correct answers Experiences with adults during infancy
Which one of the following best describes Piaget's notion of equilibration? correct answers A
child revises existing schemes to incorporate new information
Which one of the following statements best characterized cognitive psychology's approach to
learning? correct answers Students's learning is a function of what they do mentally, with the
info they receive
Which one of the following best illustrates Piaget's concept of accommodation? correct answers
Donna reviese her understanding of what clouds are like wen she studies them in science
Which one of the following states best describes Piaget's view of how children acquire
knowledge about the world? correct answers Children actively construct their own view of the
world from their experiences with the enviornment
What is working memory (sometimes known as short-term memory)? correct answers It actively
processes a small amount of information, typically holding it for less than a minute.
What is positive reinforcement? correct answers Reinforcement consists of getting something a
learner finds desirable.
What is metacognition? correct answers Thinking about thinking
What is an accurate comparison between behaviorist and social cognitive theories of learning.
correct answers social cognitive theorists propose that reinforcement affects observers as well as
the individuals actually being reinforced.
In what way does self-efficacy differ from the term self-concept? correct answers self-efficacy
varies depending on the specific task to be performed
The term negative reinforcement can best be described as a situation in which: correct answers
Something the learner doesn't want is taken away after a response
- No homework after doing well on an exam
- Car chiming until you put your seatbelt on
Ms. O'Connor reinforces James every time she sees him reading independently. Once he is
reading frequently, she begins to reinforce him only every second time, then only every third
time, and so on, gradually reinforcing him less and less often. From a behaviorist perspective, we
can predict Jimmy will: correct answers Continue to read independently
Which one of the following statements best characterizes ho reinforement of incompatible
behavior can help reduce inappropriate behavior in the classroom? correct answers An
undesirable behavior will decrease when a student is reinforced for a behavior in an opposite
manner
Social cognitive theory can best be characterized as being concerned with learning: correct
answers through observations of others
One characteristic common to all behavorist learning theories is an emphasis on: correct answers
the effect of the environment on learning
Which one of the following statements best describes positive reinforcement? correct answers
Reinforcement consists of getting something a learner wants.
If we want to enhance students' metacognitive processes during problem solving, we would be
most likely to: correct answers suggest questions that students might ask themselves as they
work on problems.
,Which one of the following is the best illustration of metacognition? correct answers Dolly is
studying for a history test. She knows that she has trouble with dates, so she checks herself by
giving herself a short quiz after each chapter.
Criterion-Referenced Assessment correct answers - Helps to figure out whether of not the
teaching and students' learning meet the international goals and the content area standards for the
covered material.
- assess strengths and weaknesses of students' understanding
- Focus is on standards
Which one of the following eamples illustrates informal assessment? correct answers observing
how students handle the ball as they play soccer in gym class
Which one of the following is the best example of performance assessment correct answers
having students do as many push-ups as they can
by encouraging students to evaluate their own performance during assessment activities we are
most likely to: correct answers promote self-regulation
Which one of the following is a legitimate concern about the use of performance assessment?
correct answers its reliability and content validitly are sometimes questionable.
Which of the following students show motivation consistent with theoretical views of self worth?
correct answers Monica doesn't read the comments her teacher has written on her research paper
because she suspects that they're not very flattering.
which one of the following statements best describes motivation theorists' concept of sense of
self-determination? correct answers Believing that you have some choice about what you do.
Norm-Referenced Assessment correct answers - Individual performance
- In your music class the teacher decides on chair order by having your whole trumpet section
play the same piece and then evaluates their quality relative to the other students.
- Top 10% of your class in order to get into a certain college
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of informal assessment correct answers informal
assesment is valid
Ms. Smith's 7th grade language arts class has a reading chart on the wall to chart how mny books
they read during the month of december. If they read 3 books each, the class as a wholewill
receive a movie day where they get to choose a movie. What type of motivation is this classified
as? correct answers Extrinisic motivation
The cognitive theory of motivation that one fo the congnitions that affect motivation is goals.
Out of the four types of goals, which of these scenarios best illustrates a mastery approach?
correct answers Sam loves playing football, but for some reason he just can't seem to throw that
, perfect spiral. After many attempts he asks his dad for tips and suggestions on how to throw a
great pass since his dad played football throughout his younger years
"My parents are proud of my academic achievements and peers look up to classmates who are
part of a team or club. It means a lot to me that i graduate with a perfect GPA and I hope to be
valedictorian" Which type of goal does this indicate? correct answers Performance-approach
goal
Anthony is a seventh grade student who is struggling to be motivated in his science class. Which
of the following theories regarding Anthony's lack of motivation exhibits a cognitive theoretical
approach? correct answers "Anthony's teacher should present him with choices, allowing him
some control over his activities. His intrinsic motivation to learn will increase if he is granted a
sense of autonomy and self-determination"
what is a good way to enhance student's sense of self determination? correct answers give
students opportunites to make choices
What is an example of Erikson's state of identity versus role confusion? correct answers Craig is
trying to decide what career he wants to pursue.
Many cognitive psychologists believe that learning and understanding are often constructive in
nature. Three of the following scenarios illustrate such construction. Which scenario does not
neccessarily involve construction in learning? correct answers Mr. McFarland asks his third
graders to practice their multiplication tables every day. After a month of such practice, Misty
can retrieve all the basic multiplication facts quickly and easily.
Which one of the following is the best example of Piaget's concept of assimilation? correct
answers A kindergartner uses a white crayon instead of chalk to draw on the blackboard
According to Erik Erikson, students' ability to trust those around them intially stems from:
correct answers Experiences with adults during infancy
Which one of the following best describes Piaget's notion of equilibration? correct answers A
child revises existing schemes to incorporate new information
Which one of the following statements best characterized cognitive psychology's approach to
learning? correct answers Students's learning is a function of what they do mentally, with the
info they receive
Which one of the following best illustrates Piaget's concept of accommodation? correct answers
Donna reviese her understanding of what clouds are like wen she studies them in science
Which one of the following states best describes Piaget's view of how children acquire
knowledge about the world? correct answers Children actively construct their own view of the
world from their experiences with the enviornment
