NUR 322 Clinical Practice (Accomplished)
Full Finals Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Multiple Choice
A 55-year-old patient with a history of atrial fibrillation presents
with sudden-onset left leg pain, pallor, and absent pedal pulses.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Acute arterial occlusion
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. Chronic venous insufficiency
ANS: B. Acute arterial occlusion
©2025
, Rationale: Sudden pain, pallor, and absent pulses are hallmarks
of acute arterial occlusion, often caused by an embolus or
thrombus.
---
2. Fill-in-the-Blank
The presence of _ on auscultation in a patient with heart failure
indicates pulmonary congestion.
ANS: Crackles
Rationale: Crackles are caused by fluid accumulation in the
alveoli, a characteristic finding in heart failure with pulmonary
edema.
---
3. True/False
Prolonged use of loop diuretics can result in hypokalemia and
metabolic alkalosis.
ANS: True
©2025
, Rationale: Loop diuretics promote potassium and chloride
excretion, leading to hypokalemia and a compensatory increase in
bicarbonate, causing alkalosis.
---
4. Multiple Response
Which interventions are critical for the management of a patient
with septic shock? (Select all that apply.)
A. Administering broad-spectrum antibiotics
B. Fluid resuscitation with crystalloids
C. Initiating low-dose vasopressors if hypotension persists
D. Restricting oxygen therapy to prevent hyperoxia
ANS: A, B, C
Rationale: Septic shock management includes infection
control, fluid resuscitation, and vasopressors as needed. Oxygen
therapy is not restricted but titrated for optimal saturation.
---
5. Multiple Choice
©2025
, A patient with a spinal cord injury at T4 presents with a pounding
headache, hypertension, bradycardia, and sweating. What is the
priority intervention?
A. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees
B. Administer antihypertensive medication immediately
C. Perform a digital rectal examination without lubrication
D. Position the patient in Trendelenburg
ANS: A. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees
Rationale: Autonomic dysreflexia requires immediate action to
lower blood pressure by reducing cranial pressure and removing
the trigger.
---
6. Fill-in-the-Blank
A _ is the primary diagnostic test for detecting a pulmonary
embolism.
ANS: Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography
(CTPA)
©2025
Full Finals Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Multiple Choice
A 55-year-old patient with a history of atrial fibrillation presents
with sudden-onset left leg pain, pallor, and absent pedal pulses.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Acute arterial occlusion
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. Chronic venous insufficiency
ANS: B. Acute arterial occlusion
©2025
, Rationale: Sudden pain, pallor, and absent pulses are hallmarks
of acute arterial occlusion, often caused by an embolus or
thrombus.
---
2. Fill-in-the-Blank
The presence of _ on auscultation in a patient with heart failure
indicates pulmonary congestion.
ANS: Crackles
Rationale: Crackles are caused by fluid accumulation in the
alveoli, a characteristic finding in heart failure with pulmonary
edema.
---
3. True/False
Prolonged use of loop diuretics can result in hypokalemia and
metabolic alkalosis.
ANS: True
©2025
, Rationale: Loop diuretics promote potassium and chloride
excretion, leading to hypokalemia and a compensatory increase in
bicarbonate, causing alkalosis.
---
4. Multiple Response
Which interventions are critical for the management of a patient
with septic shock? (Select all that apply.)
A. Administering broad-spectrum antibiotics
B. Fluid resuscitation with crystalloids
C. Initiating low-dose vasopressors if hypotension persists
D. Restricting oxygen therapy to prevent hyperoxia
ANS: A, B, C
Rationale: Septic shock management includes infection
control, fluid resuscitation, and vasopressors as needed. Oxygen
therapy is not restricted but titrated for optimal saturation.
---
5. Multiple Choice
©2025
, A patient with a spinal cord injury at T4 presents with a pounding
headache, hypertension, bradycardia, and sweating. What is the
priority intervention?
A. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees
B. Administer antihypertensive medication immediately
C. Perform a digital rectal examination without lubrication
D. Position the patient in Trendelenburg
ANS: A. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees
Rationale: Autonomic dysreflexia requires immediate action to
lower blood pressure by reducing cranial pressure and removing
the trigger.
---
6. Fill-in-the-Blank
A _ is the primary diagnostic test for detecting a pulmonary
embolism.
ANS: Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography
(CTPA)
©2025
