URR Echocardiography | 426 Questions And Answers
| Updated Study Solutions
a wave that requires a medium through which to travel, cannot travel in a vacuum ANS mechanical wave
transducer that requires mechanical focusing and steering. electrical focusing and steering is not possible ANS
single element transducer
Multiple elements used to create an image by varying timing of the electrical pulses to different elements in the
array ANS phased array
high frequency probes have ________ penetration and _________ resolution ANS low, high
Transducer contains a large number of rectangular piezoelectric elements arranged in a linear pattern ANS
sector phased array
Combine sequenced linear array and phased array techniques to provide a trapezoidal imaging format ANS
vector array
In a sector image, the number of scan lines per degree of the sector determines ______ ANS line density
increasing the line density will _______ # of pulses per frame, improve spatial resolution (axial and lateral),
__________ frame rate and ___________ temporal resolution. increase/decrease? ANS increases,
decreases, decreases
increasing sector angle will have _________ spatial resolution and ________ temporal resolution.
degraded/improved? ANS improved, degraded
decreasing sector angle will _______ spatial resolution and ________ temporal resolution. degrade/improve
ANS degrade, improve
list 2 types of spatial resolution ANS axial and lateral
,Resolution with the ability to resolve two separate structures that lie perpendicular to the ultrasound beam ANS
lateral resolution
Resolution with the ability to resolve two separate structures that lie parallel to the ultrasound beam ANS
axial resolution
forms aorta and pulmonary artery ANS trunctus arteriosus
forms left ventricle ANS primitive ventricle
Forms the atria ANS sino-atrium
forms right ventricle and truncus arteriosus ANS bulbous cordis
forms the atrial septum, membranous ventricular septum, MV and TV ANS endocardial cushions
composed of 2 segments that will become SVC, IVC and atrial floor ANS sinus venosus
connects pulmonary trunk to aortic arch, majority of flow bypasses fetal lungs ANS ductus arteriosus
connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver ANS ductus venosus
position of apex ANS inferior, anterior and leftward
position of base ANS superior, posterior and rightward
which AV valve is closer to the apex? ANS TV
normal valve area of TV ANS 5-8cm²
,Which AV valve opens and closes first? ANS MV
which SL valve opens and closes first? ANS AoV
name leaflets of TV ANS anterior, posterior and septal/medial
name leaflets of MV ANS anterior and posterior
normal valve area of MV ANS 4-6cm²
which AoV leaflet lies closest to IAS? ANS NCC
normal AoV area ANS 3-4cm²
which coronary artery courses through the anterior interventricular groove? ANS left anterior
descending(LAD)
the right coronary artery (RCA) courses through the _________ __________ Groove ANS Right
Atrioventricular Coronary
the posterior descending coronary artery and middle coronary vein course through which groove? ANS
posterior interventricular groove
the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) courses through the ________ __________ Groove ANS Left
Atrioventricular Coronary Groove
the right main coronary artery (RCA) supplies blood to which 5 structures? ANS both atria, atrial septum,
RVFW, and RV apex
left main coronary artery (LCA) branches into what 2 arteries? ANS left anterior descending (LAD) and
left circumflex (LCX)
, the LCX supplies which walls of the LV? ANS inferior lateral and anterior lateral
the LAD supplies what structures of the LV? ANS LV Apex, anterior septal wall and anterior wall of the
LV
the _____ papillary muscle is supplied by the RCA and the ______ papillary muscle is supplied by the LAD
and LCX ANS posterior medial, anterior lateral
the __________ collects deoxygenated blood from coronary arteries and has the lowest 02 sat of all chamber
and vessels ANS Coronary Sinus
list the 3 main tributaries of the Coronary sinus ANS Great Cardiac Vein, Middle Cardiac Vein and Small
Cardiac Vein
the _____ cardiac vein drains blood from the myocardium supplied by the RCA ANS small
the _____ cardiac vein drains blood from the myocardium supplied by the LAD and LCX ANS great
the _____ cardiac vein drains blood from the myocardium supplied by the posterior descending artery (PDA)
ANS middle
the PDA is a branch of the ______ ________ _______ and supplies the ________ and the ______ wall of the
LV ANS RCA, inferior ventricular septum, inferior
the epicardium is also known as the ________ _______ ANS visceral pericardium
what are the 2 papillary muscles for the MV? ANS anterior lateral and posterior medial
normal LV wall thickness in men=___ and women =____ ANS 0.6-1cm, 0.6-0.9cm
normal LV pressure ANS 120/10mmHg
| Updated Study Solutions
a wave that requires a medium through which to travel, cannot travel in a vacuum ANS mechanical wave
transducer that requires mechanical focusing and steering. electrical focusing and steering is not possible ANS
single element transducer
Multiple elements used to create an image by varying timing of the electrical pulses to different elements in the
array ANS phased array
high frequency probes have ________ penetration and _________ resolution ANS low, high
Transducer contains a large number of rectangular piezoelectric elements arranged in a linear pattern ANS
sector phased array
Combine sequenced linear array and phased array techniques to provide a trapezoidal imaging format ANS
vector array
In a sector image, the number of scan lines per degree of the sector determines ______ ANS line density
increasing the line density will _______ # of pulses per frame, improve spatial resolution (axial and lateral),
__________ frame rate and ___________ temporal resolution. increase/decrease? ANS increases,
decreases, decreases
increasing sector angle will have _________ spatial resolution and ________ temporal resolution.
degraded/improved? ANS improved, degraded
decreasing sector angle will _______ spatial resolution and ________ temporal resolution. degrade/improve
ANS degrade, improve
list 2 types of spatial resolution ANS axial and lateral
,Resolution with the ability to resolve two separate structures that lie perpendicular to the ultrasound beam ANS
lateral resolution
Resolution with the ability to resolve two separate structures that lie parallel to the ultrasound beam ANS
axial resolution
forms aorta and pulmonary artery ANS trunctus arteriosus
forms left ventricle ANS primitive ventricle
Forms the atria ANS sino-atrium
forms right ventricle and truncus arteriosus ANS bulbous cordis
forms the atrial septum, membranous ventricular septum, MV and TV ANS endocardial cushions
composed of 2 segments that will become SVC, IVC and atrial floor ANS sinus venosus
connects pulmonary trunk to aortic arch, majority of flow bypasses fetal lungs ANS ductus arteriosus
connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver ANS ductus venosus
position of apex ANS inferior, anterior and leftward
position of base ANS superior, posterior and rightward
which AV valve is closer to the apex? ANS TV
normal valve area of TV ANS 5-8cm²
,Which AV valve opens and closes first? ANS MV
which SL valve opens and closes first? ANS AoV
name leaflets of TV ANS anterior, posterior and septal/medial
name leaflets of MV ANS anterior and posterior
normal valve area of MV ANS 4-6cm²
which AoV leaflet lies closest to IAS? ANS NCC
normal AoV area ANS 3-4cm²
which coronary artery courses through the anterior interventricular groove? ANS left anterior
descending(LAD)
the right coronary artery (RCA) courses through the _________ __________ Groove ANS Right
Atrioventricular Coronary
the posterior descending coronary artery and middle coronary vein course through which groove? ANS
posterior interventricular groove
the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) courses through the ________ __________ Groove ANS Left
Atrioventricular Coronary Groove
the right main coronary artery (RCA) supplies blood to which 5 structures? ANS both atria, atrial septum,
RVFW, and RV apex
left main coronary artery (LCA) branches into what 2 arteries? ANS left anterior descending (LAD) and
left circumflex (LCX)
, the LCX supplies which walls of the LV? ANS inferior lateral and anterior lateral
the LAD supplies what structures of the LV? ANS LV Apex, anterior septal wall and anterior wall of the
LV
the _____ papillary muscle is supplied by the RCA and the ______ papillary muscle is supplied by the LAD
and LCX ANS posterior medial, anterior lateral
the __________ collects deoxygenated blood from coronary arteries and has the lowest 02 sat of all chamber
and vessels ANS Coronary Sinus
list the 3 main tributaries of the Coronary sinus ANS Great Cardiac Vein, Middle Cardiac Vein and Small
Cardiac Vein
the _____ cardiac vein drains blood from the myocardium supplied by the RCA ANS small
the _____ cardiac vein drains blood from the myocardium supplied by the LAD and LCX ANS great
the _____ cardiac vein drains blood from the myocardium supplied by the posterior descending artery (PDA)
ANS middle
the PDA is a branch of the ______ ________ _______ and supplies the ________ and the ______ wall of the
LV ANS RCA, inferior ventricular septum, inferior
the epicardium is also known as the ________ _______ ANS visceral pericardium
what are the 2 papillary muscles for the MV? ANS anterior lateral and posterior medial
normal LV wall thickness in men=___ and women =____ ANS 0.6-1cm, 0.6-0.9cm
normal LV pressure ANS 120/10mmHg
