BASIC NUTRITION CH. 7 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
B vitamins - Answer-Involved in converting the energy in carbs, fat, and protein into
ATP
Vitamin C - Answer-Needed to make connective tissue and used as an antioxidant
Choline - Answer-not a vitamin but still important
Water Soluble Vitamins - Answer-Generally not stored and excreted in urine - need
to be consumed regularly
Fat Soluble Vitamins - Answer-Require special handling for absorption, transport,
and excretion
Fat Soluble Vitamins are stored in... - Answer-Liver and Fatty Tissues
Needed for vision and health eyes - Answer-Vitamin A
Chemical forms of preformed Vit. A - Answer-Retinoids
3 types of Retinoids - Answer-Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic Acid
Carotenoids - Answer-Yellow, orange, and red pigments synthesized by plants
Retinol Activity equivalents (RAEs) - Answer-Used to express the amount of usable
vit. A in foods
Retinol Binding protein - Answer-Protein used to move vit. A from liver stores to
other body tissues
Vit. A functions - Answer--Cell Differentiation
-Part of rhodopsin
-Antioxidant
a visual pigment in the eye - Answer-Rhodopsin
Vit. A Deficiency - Answer-xerophthalmia or night blindness
Vit. A Excess - Answer-Hypercarotenemia
Can be made in skin during exposure to UV rays - Answer-Vit. D
Functions of Vit. D - Answer--Maintains normal levels of calcium and phosphorous in
the blood
, -Changes Gene Expression (turns on genes for calcium absoprtion and bone
breakdown)
What vitamin is inactive until it is modified by biochemical reactions in the liver and
kidney? - Answer-Vit. D
Vit. D Deficiency - Answer-Rickets - bowed legs in kids
Osteomalacia & Osteoporosis
Vit. E Functions - Answer--Antioxidant
-Protects Membranes of cells
-Reduced risk of chronic disease
Deficiency - Answer-Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Answer-in infants - causes RBC membranes to rupture
Chemical name of Vit. E - Answer-tocopherol
The only form of vit. E naturally found in food that can be used by the body - Answer-
Alpha-tocopherol
Vit. K Functions - Answer-Production of Clotting Factors
Synthesis of proteins involved in bone formation and breakdown
Vit. E Sources - Answer-Seeds and Nuts
Used more rapidly than other fat soluble vitamins, so a constant supply is necessary
- Answer-Vit. K
Can be synthesized by bacteria in large intestine - Answer-Vit. K
Vit. K Deficiency - Answer-Abnormal Blood Clotting causing bruising/bleeding
Reduced bone density causing fractures
Top Selling herbal supplement in U.S. - Answer-Ginkgo Biloba "maidenhair"
Antioxidant Function - Answer-Vit. C, E, and provitamin A
Growth & Development Function - Answer-Vit. A, D
Produce ATP Function - Answer-B vitamins
Blood Health Function - Answer-Folate, B6, B12, K
Bone Health Fuction - Answer-A,D,K,C
Immune Function - Answer-A, B6, C, D
Protein & Amino Acid Metabolism - Answer-Folate, B6, B12
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
B vitamins - Answer-Involved in converting the energy in carbs, fat, and protein into
ATP
Vitamin C - Answer-Needed to make connective tissue and used as an antioxidant
Choline - Answer-not a vitamin but still important
Water Soluble Vitamins - Answer-Generally not stored and excreted in urine - need
to be consumed regularly
Fat Soluble Vitamins - Answer-Require special handling for absorption, transport,
and excretion
Fat Soluble Vitamins are stored in... - Answer-Liver and Fatty Tissues
Needed for vision and health eyes - Answer-Vitamin A
Chemical forms of preformed Vit. A - Answer-Retinoids
3 types of Retinoids - Answer-Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic Acid
Carotenoids - Answer-Yellow, orange, and red pigments synthesized by plants
Retinol Activity equivalents (RAEs) - Answer-Used to express the amount of usable
vit. A in foods
Retinol Binding protein - Answer-Protein used to move vit. A from liver stores to
other body tissues
Vit. A functions - Answer--Cell Differentiation
-Part of rhodopsin
-Antioxidant
a visual pigment in the eye - Answer-Rhodopsin
Vit. A Deficiency - Answer-xerophthalmia or night blindness
Vit. A Excess - Answer-Hypercarotenemia
Can be made in skin during exposure to UV rays - Answer-Vit. D
Functions of Vit. D - Answer--Maintains normal levels of calcium and phosphorous in
the blood
, -Changes Gene Expression (turns on genes for calcium absoprtion and bone
breakdown)
What vitamin is inactive until it is modified by biochemical reactions in the liver and
kidney? - Answer-Vit. D
Vit. D Deficiency - Answer-Rickets - bowed legs in kids
Osteomalacia & Osteoporosis
Vit. E Functions - Answer--Antioxidant
-Protects Membranes of cells
-Reduced risk of chronic disease
Deficiency - Answer-Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Answer-in infants - causes RBC membranes to rupture
Chemical name of Vit. E - Answer-tocopherol
The only form of vit. E naturally found in food that can be used by the body - Answer-
Alpha-tocopherol
Vit. K Functions - Answer-Production of Clotting Factors
Synthesis of proteins involved in bone formation and breakdown
Vit. E Sources - Answer-Seeds and Nuts
Used more rapidly than other fat soluble vitamins, so a constant supply is necessary
- Answer-Vit. K
Can be synthesized by bacteria in large intestine - Answer-Vit. K
Vit. K Deficiency - Answer-Abnormal Blood Clotting causing bruising/bleeding
Reduced bone density causing fractures
Top Selling herbal supplement in U.S. - Answer-Ginkgo Biloba "maidenhair"
Antioxidant Function - Answer-Vit. C, E, and provitamin A
Growth & Development Function - Answer-Vit. A, D
Produce ATP Function - Answer-B vitamins
Blood Health Function - Answer-Folate, B6, B12, K
Bone Health Fuction - Answer-A,D,K,C
Immune Function - Answer-A, B6, C, D
Protein & Amino Acid Metabolism - Answer-Folate, B6, B12
